scholarly journals Thin healthy women have a similar low bone mass to women with anorexia nervosa

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fernández-García ◽  
M. Rodríguez ◽  
J. García Alemán ◽  
J. M. García-Almeida ◽  
M. J. Picón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Healthy Women

An association between anorexia nerviosa (AN) and low bone mass has been demonstrated. Bone loss associated with AN involves hormonal and nutritional impairments, though their exact contribution is not clearly established. We compared bone mass in AN patients with women of similar weight with no criteria for AN, and a third group of healthy, normal-weight, age-matched women. The study included forty-eight patients with AN, twenty-two healthy eumenorrhoeic women with low weight (LW group; BMI < 18·5 kg/m2) and twenty healthy women with BMI >18·5 kg/m2 (control group), all of similar age. We measured lean body mass, percentage fat mass, total bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density in lumbar spine (BMD LS) and in total (tBMD). We measured anthropometric parameters, leptin and growth hormone. The control group had greater tBMD and BMD LS than the other groups, with no differences between the AN and LW groups. No differences were found in tBMD, BMD LS and total BMC between the restrictive (n 25) and binge–purge type (n 23) in AN patients. In AN, minimum weight (P = 0·002) and percentage fat mass (P = 0·02) explained BMD LS variation (r2 0·48) and minimum weight (r2 0·42; P = 0·002) for tBMD in stepwise regression analyses. In the LW group, BMI explained BMD LS (r2 0·72; P = 0·01) and tBMD (r2 0·57; P = 0·04). We concluded that patients with AN had similar BMD to healthy thin women. Anthropometric parameters could contribute more significantly than oestrogen deficiency in the achievement of peak bone mass in AN patients.

scholarly journals Serum sclerostin levels in men with idiopathic osteoporosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Lapauw ◽  
S Vandewalle ◽  
Y Taes ◽  
S Goemaere ◽  
H Zmierczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Idiopathic Osteoporosis

ObjectiveSclerostin inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. If aberrant sclerostin action is involved in less efficient bone acquisition in men with idiopathic low bone mass, this might be reflected in higher serum sclerostin levels.MethodsIn 116 men with idiopathic osteoporosis (≤65 years old), 40 of their sons and healthy controls, areal bone parameters were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and volumetric and geometric bone parameters were measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Serum analytes were measured using immunoassays and estradiol (E2) levels using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsMen with idiopathic low bone mass had lower levels of sclerostin than the controls (0.54±0.17 vs 0.66±0.23 ng/ml;P<0.001). In both groups, sclerostin levels were strongly associated with age; when adjusting for age, no associations with anthropometrics were observed (P>0.14). In multivariate analyses, sclerostin levels displayed a positive association with whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) and areal BMD (aBMD), as well as with trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at the tibia in the probands. No clear associations were observed in the control group, neither were sclerostin levels associated with BMC at the radius or lumbar spine (allP>0.11). Testosterone, but not E2, was inversely related to sclerostin levels in the probands. No difference in sclerostin levels was found in their sons when compared with their controls.ConclusionLower rather than higher serum sclerostin levels in the probands with idiopathic low bone mass suggest that aberrant sclerostin secretion is not involved in the pathogenesis of low bone mass in these subjects.

scholarly journals Plyometrics and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among premenopausal women: demographic and physiological analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4126-4134
Author(s):  
Golda sahaya Rani R ◽  
Aruna S ◽  
Vijayaraghavan R
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Experimental Group

Bones have a numerous significant functions in the body such as supporting and protecting various organs of the body. Osteoporosis is a disease of bone characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, that leads to enhanced bone fragility and increased likelihood of fractures. Osteoporosis may be caused due to lower than the normal peak bone mass. Low bone mass results in faster rate of bone porosity and predisposes to osteoporotic fractures. Plyometrics is one of the most effective types of exercises for stimulating bone growth .The aim of the study was first to evaluate the effectiveness of plyometrics benefits on physiological parameters of osteoporosis among premenopausal women. Second to find out the association between the physiological parameters of osteoporosis among premenopausal women with selected demographic variables. The research approach was a Quantitative approach. Design adapted for the study was a true Experimental design with one control group and one experimental group. Data collected from 40 self help group women who were the members of kanchi sangamam from a selected area at chennai.sample were collected by using simple random technique.Based on the inclusion criteria and availability of premenopausal women, they were allocated into the control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20)..plyometrics was given to the experimental group for 12 weeks. The control group did not receive an intervention. it was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics The study determined there is significant changes in physiological parameters of osteoporosis among the experimental group(p<0.001).as compared to the control group The study concluded that was an improvement in bone mineral density at the end of intervention.

scholarly journals The Association between Bone Mineral Density and Periodontal Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3321
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hua Chou ◽  
Sao-Lun Lu ◽  
Sen-Te Wang ◽  
Ting-Hsuan Huang ◽  
Sam Li-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Past History ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Periodontal Index

The association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease (PD) has been revealed by previous studies, but there have been few studies on the association in younger adults. We enrolled a total of 7298 adults aged 40 to 44 who underwent PD screening between 2003 and 2008. Data on quantitative ultrasound for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) were collected for the diagnostic criteria of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was measured for defining PD. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of low bone mass on the risk of PD. Of 7298 enrollees, 31% had periodontal pockets >3 mm, 36.2% had osteopenia, and 2.1% had osteoporosis. The 39.8% of PD prevalence was high in adults with osteoporosis, followed by 33.3% in osteopenia. A negative association was found between BMD and CPI value (p < 0.0001). Low bone mass was associated with the risk of PD (adjusted OR: 1.13; 95% CI:1.02–1.26) after adjusting the confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, overweight, smoking status, past history of osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. An association between BMD and PD among young adults was found. An intervention program for the prevention of PD and osteoporosis could be considered starting in young adults.

High Bone Mineral Density Osteogenesis Imperfecta in a Family with a Novel Pathogenic Variant in COL1A2

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Lara E. Graves ◽  
Christie-Lee Wall ◽  
Julie N. Briody ◽  
Bruce Bennetts ◽  
Karen Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Minimal Trauma

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogenous group of heritable bone dysplasias characterized by bone fragility, typically low bone mass, joint laxity, easy bruising, and variable short stature. Classical OI is caused by autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in <i>COL1A1</i> or <i>COL1A2</i> that result in either reduced production of normal type 1 collagen or structurally abnormal collagen molecules. Pathogenic variants in these genes generally result in low bone mass. Here, we report a family that had 2 affected individuals who presented with minimal trauma fractures and were found to have elevated bone mineral density (BMD) and a previously unreported variant in <i>COL1A2</i> c.3356C&#x3e;T p.(Ala1119Val). We report the change in BMD using dual-energy X-ray and peripheral quantitative computed tomography over a 2.3-year period in the proband. This case report highlights the importance of BMD studies and genetic testing in the diagnostic process for brittle bone disorders.

scholarly journals Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Bone Mass in Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M Kindler ◽  
Andrea J Lobene ◽  
Kara A Vogel ◽  
Berdine R Martin ◽  
Linda D McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context Insulin resistance is an adverse health outcome that accompanies obesity. Fat mass is negatively associated with the bone mass after adjustment for confounders. Insulin resistance might be an intermediary in this relationship. Objective To determine whether insulin resistance is an intermediary in the relationship between adiposity and bone mass in adolescents. Design Cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from a previous randomized trial. Setting University research facility. Participants A total of 240 adolescents (68% female), aged 7 to 15 years. Main Outcome Measures Using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density, lean mass, and fat mass were measured. Skeletal sites of interest included the total body and lumbar spine (LS). Waist circumference was measured using an anthropometric tape measure. Insulin and glucose were measured in fasting sera, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Path analysis was performed to determine whether the relationship between adiposity and bone was mediated through insulin resistance. Results Fat mass (r = 0.467; P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.487; P &lt; 0.001) correlated positively with HOMA-IR. Controlling for race, sex, maturation, lean mass, and height, fat mass, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR were negatively associated with LS BMC and total body areal bone mineral density (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Additionally, path models for fat mass (95% CI, −5.893 to −0.956) and waist circumference (95% CI, −15.473 to −2.124) showed a negative relationship with LS BMC via HOMA-IR. Conclusions These results support an intermediary role of insulin resistance in the relationship between adiposity and LS bone mass.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Parameters in Celiac Disease: A Review on the Different Evaluation Methods and Disease Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Allysson Costa ◽  
Gleisson A. P. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

This review compiled anthropometric data from 29 original articles, published between 1995 and 2015, corresponding to a total sample of 6368 celiac disease subjects. Body mass index was the main parameter for measuring anthropometry (82.1%), followed by body mass (78.6%), body fat (51.7%), bone mineral density and bone mineral content (46.4%), and fat-free mass (44.8%). The main evaluation method was dual x-ray absorptiometry (83.3%), followed by bioimpedance (16.6%), skinfold thickness (16.6%), and isotope dilution (5.5%). This compilation suggests that celiac disease patients without a gluten-free diet (WGFD) and celiac disease patients with a gluten-free diet (GFD) show a lower body mass than the control group, with inconclusive data about WGFD versus GFD. Body mass index is lower in WGFD and GFD compared to control group, and is lower in WGFD compared to GFD. We observed lower values of FM and FFM in WGFD and GFD versus the control group. No difference was found between WGFD versus GFD. BMD and BMC are lower in WGFD versus GFD and GFD versus the control group, with inconclusive data about WGFD versus GFD. The findings of this review suggest that celiac disease patients must be periodically evaluated through anthropometric parameters, since the pathology has the potential to modulate such values even in a gluten-free diet, with these variables reflecting their healthy status. In parallel, the screening of different anthropometric assessment methodologies can provide support for more accurate evaluations by scientists and clinical professionals who work with celiac disease patients.

scholarly journals Effects of fructans-containing yacon (Smallanthus sonchifoliusPoepp & Endl.) flour on caecum mucosal morphometry, calcium and magnesium balance, and bone calcium retention in growing rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre R. Lobo ◽  
Célia Colli ◽  
Eliana P. Alvares ◽  
Tullia M. C. C. Filisetti
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mineral Absorption ◽  
Positive Effects

Yacon roots have been considered a functional food due to the high levels of fructans they contains. In the present study, Ca and Mg balance, bone mass and strength, and caecum mucosal morphometry were evaluated. Growing male Wistar rats (n24) were fedad libitumcontrol diets or diets supplemented with yacon flour (5 or 7·5 % fructooligosaccharides) for 27 d. Mineral balance was evaluated in three periods of 5 d (starting on the 4th, 10th and 16th days). After the rats were killled, the bones were removed and bone mineral density was measured. Ca analyses were performed on left femurs and tibias and biomechanical testing on right femurs. The caecum was removed and tissue samples were collected for histological analysis. Caecal histology changed noticeably in rats fed yacon flour: there was an increase in the depth and number of total and bifurcated crypts as well. Yacon flour consumption significantly (P < 0·05) resulted in a positive Ca and Mg balance, leading to higher values of bone mineral retention and biomechanical properties (peak load and stiffness) when compared to the control group. The positive effects on mineral intestinal absorption, bone mass and biomechanical properties showed an important role of yacon roots in the maintenance of healthy bones. The increased number of bifurcating crypts might be related to the higher mineral absorption caused by the enlargement of the absorbing surface in the large intestine of the animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document