scholarly journals When balanced for precursor fatty acid supply echium oil is not superior to linseed oil in enriching lamb tissues with long-chain n-3 PUFA

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soressa M. Kitessa ◽  
Paul Young ◽  
Greg Nattrass ◽  
Graham Gardner ◽  
Kelly Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Echium Oil ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Basal Ration

Vegetable oils containing stearidonic acid (SDA, 18 : 4n-3) are considered better precursors of long-chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) than those with only α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18 : 3n-3). The present study re-examined this premise using treatments where added ALA from linseed oil was matched with ALA plus SDA from echium oil. Lambs (n 6) were abomasally infused with saline (control (C), 25 ml), echium oil low (EL, 25 ml), echium oil high (EH, 50 ml), linseed oil low (LL, 25 ml) or linseed oil high (LH, 50 ml) for 4 weeks. The basal ration used was identical across all treatments. EPA (20 : 5n-3) in meat increased from 6·5 mg in the C lambs to 16·8, 17·7, 13·5 and 11·7 (sem 0·86) mg/100 g muscle in the EL, EH, LL and LH lambs, respectively. For muscle DPA (docosapentaenoic acid; 22 : 5n-3), the corresponding values were 14·3, 22·2, 18·6 18·2 and 19·4 (sem 0·57) mg/100 g muscle. The DHA (22 : 6n-3) content of meat was 5·8 mg/100 g in the C lambs and ranged from 4·53 to 5·46 (sem 0·27) mg/100 g muscle in the oil-infused groups. Total n-3 PUFA content of meat (including ALA and SDA) increased from 39 mg to 119, 129, 121 and 150 (sem 12·3) mg/100 g muscle. We conclude that both oil types were effective in enhancing the EPA and DPA, but not DHA, content of meat. Furthermore, we conclude that, when balanced for precursor n-3 fatty acid supply, differences between linseed oil and echium oil in enriching meat with LC n-3 PUFA were of little, if any, nutritional significance.

scholarly journals The effect of feeding modified soyabean oil enriched with C18 : 4n-3 to broilers on the deposition ofn-3 fatty acids in chicken meat

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 866-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rymer ◽  
G. F. Hartnell ◽  
D. I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Long Chain

Supplementing broiler diets with conventional vegetable oils has little effect on the long-chainn-3 PUFA (LCn-3 PUFA) content of the meat. The present study investigated the effect on fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics of chicken meat when broilers were fed oil extracted from soyabeans (SDASOY) that had been genetically engineered to produce C18 : 4n-3 (stearidonic acid (SDA), 240 mg/g oil). Three diets were fed to 120 birds (eight replicate pens of five birds) from 15 d to slaughter (41–50 d). Diets were identical apart from the oil added to them (45 and 50 g/kg as fed in the grower and finisher phases, respectively), which was either SDASOY, near-isogenic soya (CON) or fish oil (FISH). The LCn-3 PUFA content of the meat increased in the order CON, SDASOY and FISH. In breast meat with skin, the SDA concentration was 522, 13 and 37 (sem14·4) mg/100 g meat for SDASOY, CON and FISH, respectively. Equivalent values for C20 : 5n-3 (EPA) were 53, 13 and 140 (sem8·4); for C22 : 5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)) 65, 15 and 101 (sem3·5); for C22 : 6n-3 (DHA) 19, 9 and 181 (sem4·4). Leg meat (with skin) values for SDA were 861, 23 and 68 (sem30·1); for EPA 87, 9 and 258 (sem7·5); for DPA 95, 20 and 165 (sem5·0); for DHA 29, 10 and 278 (sem8·4). Aroma, taste and aftertaste of freshly cooked breast meat were not affected. Fishy aromas, tastes and aftertastes were associated with LCn-3 PUFA content of the meat, being most noticeable in the FISH leg meat (both freshly cooked and reheated) and in the reheated SDASOY leg meat.

scholarly journals Development of Technology for Producing Beef With A Modified Fatty Acid Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3825-3828
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Lipids ◽  
Long Chain

The article presents the results of an assessment of the effect of making oil (Echium vulgare) rich in 18: 4 n-3 PUFAs on the fatty acid composition and qualitative indicators of beef. The introduction of this oil suggested an increase in the deposition of C18: 3n-3 and the long chain fatty acids C20 and C22, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in muscle lipids. It was found that the introduction of echium oil or linseed oil in the diet of cattle contributed to the improvement of the profile of long-chain C20 fatty acids in beef, but had a negligible effect on its quality indicators

scholarly journals Sex hormones and n-3 fatty acid metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline E. Childs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Oily Fish

α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is an n-3 fatty acid found in plant-derived foods such as linseeds and linseed oil. Mammals can convert this essential fatty acid into longer-chain fatty acids including EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and DHA. Women demonstrate greater increases in the EPA status after ALA supplementation than men, and a growing body of animal model research identifies mechanisms by which sex hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone interact with the synthesis of EPA and DHA. Alternatively, EPA, DPA and DHA can be consumed directly, with oily fish being a rich dietary source of these nutrients. However, current National Diet and Nutrition Data reveals a median oily fish intake of 0 g daily across all age ranges and in both sexes. As longer-chain n-3 fatty acids have a crucial role in fetal and neonatal brain development, advice to consume dietary ALA could prove to be a pragmatic and acceptable alternative to advice to consume fish during pregnancy, if benefits upon tissue composition and functional outcomes can be demonstrated. Further research is required to understand the effects of increasing dietary ALA during pregnancy, and will need to simultaneously address conflicts with current dietary advice to only eat ‘small amounts’ of vegetable oils during pregnancy. Improving our understanding of sex-specific differences in fatty acid metabolism and interactions with pregnancy has the potential to inform both personalised nutrition advice and public health policy.

scholarly journals Echium oil is better than rapeseed oil in enriching poultry meat with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soressa M. Kitessa ◽  
Paul Young
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Echium Oil ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Lipid Supplement

α-Linolenic acid (ALA; 18 : 3n-3) and stearidonic acid (SDA; 18 : 4n-3) are on the biosynthetic pathway of EPA (20 : 5n-3) and DHA (22 : 6n-3). The n-3 fatty acid in rapeseed oil is ALA while Echium oil contains both ALA and SDA. To determine the comparative efficacy of ALA- and SDA-rich oils in enriching broiler meat with n-3 PUFA, we offered diets supplemented with rapeseed oil (rapeseed group) or Echium oil (Echium group) for 35 d to two groups of chicks (age 21 d). There were no differences in carcass weight (2·20 (sem 0·06) v. 2·23 (sem 0·05) kg), boned, skinless thigh muscle (494 (sem 20·5) v. 507 (sem 16·7) g), boned, skinless breast muscle (553 (sem 13·4) v. 546 (sem 11·6) g) or organ weights (heart, liver and gizzard) between the two groups. The total intramuscular fat (IMF) percentage of thigh (8·0 (sem 0·64) v. 8·1 (sem 0·62) %) and breast muscles (2·3 (sem 0·24) v. 2·0 (sem 0·19) %) were also similar between the groups. In contrast, the concentrations of most of the individual n-3 fatty acids (ALA, SDA, EPA and docosapentaenoic acid) were all higher in the Echium than the rapeseed group (P < 0·05). However, differences in DHA concentrations were significant in breast but not thigh muscle IMF. The total n-3 yields/100 g serve thigh muscle were 265 and 676 mg for the rapeseed and Echium groups, respectively (P < 0·0001). The corresponding values for equivalent breast muscles were 70 and 137 mg, respectively (P < 0·01). We conclude that Echium oil is a better lipid supplement than rapeseed oil in changing the concentration and yield of n-3 fatty acids, except DHA, in broiler meat.

scholarly journals Lipid biosynthesis of ten thraustochytrid strains isolated from mangrove Xuan Thuy, Nam Dinh

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Phạm Thị Bích Đào ◽  
Nguyễn Đình Tuấn ◽  
Trần Đăng Khoa ◽  
Chử Thị Huyên ◽  
Đỗ Hoàng Thành ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Heterotrophic Microalgae

The features of polyunsaturated fatty acid-PUFA structures were corresponded to each separate functions  as adjusting the cellular physiology and gene expression. Therefore, lack of PUFA could lead to abnormalities in skin, kidney, neural networks, immune responses and inflammation; cardiovascular, endocrine, respiratory and reproductive systems. In fish oil, PUFA content were low, thus it was difficult to produce on a large scale. Therefore, the exploration of PUFA sources particularly as arachidonic acid-AA, eicosapentaenoic acid EPA, docosapentaenoic acid-DPA/DHA attracted many researches. Heterotrophic microalgae Thraustochytrids were capable of producing high amounts of DHA and PUFA composition varied. DHA can be synthesized by the metabolism of AA, EPA and DPA. The different types of PUFA reflected relationships in classification. Ten heterotrophic microalgae thraustochytrids isolated from mangrove Xuan Thuy, Nam Dinh contain fatty acid composition varied from C12 to C28. Especially, they had two important fatty acids of PUFA as EPA and DPA. Polyunsaturated fatty acids - PUFA content of ten thraustochytrid strains were from 28.95 to 49.62% total lipid. DPA compared to other PUFA were high for all thraustochytrid strains studied, accounting 20.22 to 39.35% TFA. Ten thraustochytrid strains had the highest growth with carbon source as glucose, total lipid reached 7 to 12.35 % dry weight biomass after 72 hours. Growth rate and lipid biosynthesis in organic nitrogen source were higher than in inorganic nitrogen sources. The best source of nitrogen for growth and lipid biosynthesis of ten thraustochytrid strains is yeast extract, total lipid were 8.57 to 18.87% dry weight biomass after 72 hours.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Fatty Acids as a Biomarker of Dietary Intake and Source is Fatty Acid and Blood Fraction Specific in CD-1 Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 483-483
Author(s):  
Allison Unger ◽  
Thomas Jetton ◽  
Emily Bono ◽  
James Whitley ◽  
Jana Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Echium Oil ◽  
Dairy Fat ◽  
Blood Fraction

Abstract Objectives Accurate biomarkers of fatty acid (FA) intake and source (e.g., diet-derived FA) are an important assessment tool to study the role of dietary fat quality on metabolic health. The purpose of this study was to assess the incorporation of unique, dietary FA from fish oil, echium oil, and dairy fat into the red blood cell membranes (RBCM), plasma phospholipids (PPL), and plasma cholesterol esters (PCE) of genetically-outbred CD-1 mice. Methods At one month of age, mice were assigned to one of four isocaloric diets consisting either of a control fat blend or the control fat blend supplemented (30%) with fish oil, echium oil, or dairy fat (n = 10/diet/sex). After 52 weeks of feeding, cardiac blood was collected for FA analysis of RBCM, PPL, and PCE using gas-liquid chromatography. Results Expectedly, a higher proportion of fish-derived FA (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) was observed in the RBCM and PCE of fish oil-fed mice (P &lt; 0.0001). Accordingly, a greater proportion of echium oil-derived γ-linolenic acid was incorporated into all blood fractions of echium oil-fed mice (P &lt; 0.0001). Yet, stearidonic acid, specific to echium oil, was not detected in the RBCM of mice, and no differences in the proportion of stearidonic acid were found in the PPL and PCE. Odd-chain FA (pentadecanoic acid and heptadecanoic acid) were not exclusively enriched in the blood fractions of dairy-fed mice. Conversely, trans-palmitoleic acid, vaccenic acid, rumenic acid, and branched-chain FA were differentially incorporated into the PPL and PCE, while not detected in the RBCM. Conclusions In summary, unique, diet-derived FA are differentially incorporated into the blood fractions of mice, indicating that the incorporation of dietary FA into blood fractions is highly dependent upon the FA species. Therefore, diet-derived FA cannot be used universally as a reliable biomarker to validate dietary FA source in mice, rather, the specific FA and blood fraction must be carefully considered. Funding Sources Armin Grams Memorial Research Award, UVM Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine; USDA-NIFA Hatch Fund (accession number: 1,006,628).

scholarly journals An efficient hydrogenation catalytic model hosted in a stable hyper-crosslinked porous-organic-polymer: from fatty acid to bio-based alkane diesel synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2049-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Sarkar ◽  
Subhash Chandra Shit ◽  
Duy Quang Dao ◽  
Jihyeon Lee ◽  
Ngoc Han Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Porous Organic Polymer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Chain

A novel Pd-based catalyst hosted over a nitrogen enriched fibrous porous-organic-polymer with a high density of step sites and exhibits versatile catalytic performance over different types of vegetable oils to furnish long chain diesel-range alkanes.

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