scholarly journals Increased anxiety-like behavior is an early symptom of vitamin E deficiency that is suppressed by adrenalectomy in rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Yuki Terada ◽  
Hiroya Ohashi ◽  
Yuki Otani ◽  
Kanako Tokunaga ◽  
Asako Takenaka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Adrenal Hormones ◽  
Adrenal Hormone

Abstract We previously reported that dietary vitamin E deficiency increased anxiety-like behavior in rats exposed to social isolation. Here, we performed a detailed investigation of this phenomenon and its underlying mechanism. First, we fed Wistar rats with vitamin E-free diet for 3 days, 1 week, or 2 weeks and found an increase in anxiety-like behavior after 1 and 2 weeks of vitamin E deficiency based on behavioral indicators. Next, we examined the effect of a control diet (150 mg all-racemic α-tocopherol acetate/kg) on anxiety-like behaviors in rats that received a 4- week vitamin E-free diet. We found that increased anxiety-like behavior was reversed to control levels after refeeding vitamin E for 7 days but not for 1 or 3 days. Further, anxiety-like behavior increased or decreased gradually based on the amount of vitamin E intake; however, it had a quicker progression than physical symptoms of vitamin E deficiency. Moreover, rats fed with excess vitamin E (500 mg all-racemic α-tocopherol/kg diet) showed less anxiety-like behavior than control rats, indicating that vitamin E supplementation is effective for preventing anxiety increase under social isolation stress. Since plasma corticosterone levels were higher in vitamin E deficient rats, we investigated the effect of adrenalectomy on anxiety-like behavior and found that adrenal hormones played an essential role in the increased anxiety-like behavior induced by vitamin E deficiency. In conclusion, increased anxiety-like behavior is a symptom that emerges earlier than physical vitamin E deficiency and is caused by adrenal hormone-dependent mechanisms.

Dietary vitamin E deficiency increases anxiety-related behavior in rats under stress of social isolation

BioFactors ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Okura ◽  
Satoshi Tawara ◽  
Takefumi Kikusui ◽  
Asako Takenaka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation on performance, thyroid status and serum concentrations of some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32 degrees C)

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 11–12) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sahin ◽  
K. Sahin ◽  
O. Küçük
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Control Serum

An experiment on Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on broiler performance and serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), adrenocorticotropine hormone (ACTH) and some metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replications of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15 000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamin A and E (15 000 IU retinol plus 250 mg of alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet). Considered separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin A and vitamin E increased feed intake (P = 0.01) and live weight gain (P = 0.03). However, feed efficiency remained similar in all treatments (P= 0.18). Serum T3 and T4 concentrations were also higher (P ≤ 0.001) with vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin A plus vitamin E groups than those of the control. However, ACTH concentration in serum was lower (P ≤ 0.001) in supplemental dietary vitamin groups compared with control. Serum glucose, uric acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations decreased (P ≤ 0.001) while protein and albumin concentrations increased (P ≤ 0.001) when both dietary vitamin E and vitamin A were supplemented. Serum activities of serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were not influenced by dietary vitamin E, vitamin A nor by a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E (P > 0.72). However, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) increased (P ≤ 0.001) with supplemental dietary vitamin E, vitamin A, or a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E. In addition, supplemental dietary vitamin E and vitamin A resulted in an increase in serum concentrations of both Ca and P (P ≤ 0.001). In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. The results of the present study show that supplementing a combination of dietary vitamin E and vitamin A offers a good management practice to reduce heat stress-related decreases in broiler performance.  

Effect of supplementation with Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and vitamin E on milk lipoperoxidation in cows receiving diets containing ground soybean seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Fabio Seiji Santos ◽  
Lucia Maria Zeoula ◽  
Luciano Soares De Lima ◽  
Francilaine Eloise De Marchi ◽  
Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Yerba Mate

AbstractThis research communication addresses the hypothesis that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate could help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Treatments were: (1) control diet with no Yerba Mate or vitamin E; (2) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E; (3) diet containing 30 g/kg Yerba Mate; and (4) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E and 30 g/kg Yerba Mate. To increase unsaturated fatty acids in milk, cows were fed 172 g/kg soybean seeds (on a dry matter basis). There was no interaction between vitamin E and Yerba Mate supplementation for milk antioxidant-related (polyphenols, reducing power, conjugated dienes, and TBARS) analyses. Milk reducing power was increased when cows were supplemented with Yerba Mate. Our results suggest that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate does not help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk in UFA.

Vitamin E Deficiency Fails to Affect Myocardial Performance During In Vivo Ischemia-Reperfusion

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Coombes ◽  
Scott Powers ◽  
Haydar Demirel ◽  
Karyn Hamilton ◽  
James Jessup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Protein Thiols

Vitamin E content, of cardiac tissue, has been proposed to play a major, role in the damage caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R). Previous studies using in vitro models have examined vitamin E deficiency and I-R-induced myocardial damage with equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to use an in vivo model of myocardial I-R to determine the effects of vitamin E deficiency on myocardial I-R-induced damage. Female Sprague-Dawly rats (4-mo old) were assigned to either: 1) control diet (CON), or 2) vitamin E deficient diet (VE-DEF). The CON diet was prepared to meet AIN-93M standards, which contains 75 IU vitamin E/kg diet. The VE-DEF diet was the AIN-93M diet prepared with tocopherol stripped corn oil and no vitamin E. Following a 14-week feeding period, significant differences (p < 0.05) existed in mean myocardial VE levels between groups (mean values ± SEM: CON = 48.2 ± 3.5; VE-DEF = 12.4 ± 1,4 mug VE/g wet weight). Animals from both experimental groups were subjected to an in vivo I-R protocol consisting of 25 minutes of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion. No group differences (p > 0.05) existed in cardiac performance (peak arterial pressure or ventricular work) or the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias during the I-R protocol. VE-DEF animals had significantly higher (p < 0.05) levels of myocardial lipid peroxidation and lower (p < 0.05) protein thiols following I-R compared to the CON animals. These data suggest that although vitamin E deficiency increases oxidative damage resulting from myocardial I-R, it does not affect cardiac performance during the insult.

Re-evaluation of the vitamin E requirements of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Shiau ◽  
L. F. Shiau
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Deposition

AbstractA 10-week feeding trial was conducted to re-evaluate the level of dietary vitamin E (DL- α-tocopheryl acetate) that was adequate for juvenile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus given diets containing two dietary lipid concentrations. Purified diets with eight levels of vitamin E (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400 mg/kg diet) at either 50 or 120 g lipid per kg were each given to three replicate groups of tilapia (mean weight: 0·69 (s.e.0·02) g) reared in a closed, recirculating system. Food efficiency and protein deposition were significantly (P < 0·05) higher in fish given 50 mg vitamin E per kg diet and 75 mg/kg diet in the 50 and 120 g lipid per kg groups respectively, compared with fish given the unsupplemented control diet. Mortality of fish was not affected by dietary treatment. Weight gain and liver microsomal ascorbic acid-stimulated lipid peroxidation data analysed by broken-line regression indicated that the optimum dietary vitamin E requirements in juvenile tilapia are 42 to 44 mg vitamin E per kg and 60 to 66 mg vitamin E per kg in 50 and 120 g lipid per kg diets, respectively.

Dietary Vitamin E Deficiency as a Modifier of the Associations of Respiratory Outcomes With Air Pollution in Adolescents

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S249
Author(s):  
J Burns ◽  
D Dockery ◽  
L Neas ◽  
J Schwartz ◽  
B Coull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes
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