Effects of dietary terrestrial oils supplemented with l-carnitine on growth, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and inflammation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xueshan Li ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Qiuchi Chen ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
Qinghui Ai
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Content

Abstract The present study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary terrestrial oils (TO) supplemented with l-carnitine on growth performance, biochemical and antioxidant response, lipid metabolism and inflammation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Three iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated with FO (fish oil, the control group), 75 % TO (75 % FO was substituted by the oil mixture with equal amounts of soyabean oil, linseed oil and pork lard) and 75 % TOC (75 % TO supplemented with 800 mg/kg l-carnitine). Compared with the control group, feed efficiency ratio and specific growth rate were significantly increased in fish fed diets with 75 % TO and 75 % TOC. Hepatic lipid content, serum TAG level, LDL-cholesterol level and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes (tnfα and ifnγ) were significantly increased in fish fed the diet with 75 % TO compared with the control group. However, the supplementation of 800 mg/kg l-carnitine in the 75 % TO diet repressed hepatic lipid content, serum LDL-cholesterol level and the mRNA expression of tnfα and ifnγ in fish compared with fish fed the diet with 75 % TO. Total antioxidant capacity, the activity of superoxide dismutase, the mRNA expression of cpt-I and the activity of CPT-I were significantly increased in fish fed the diet with 75 % TOC compared with 75 % TO. In conclusion, these results suggested that the supplementation of 800 mg/kg l-carnitine in the diet with TO mixture could increase growth, antioxidant capacity and fatty acid oxidation and decrease the expression of inflammatory genes in large yellow croaker.

scholarly journals Effects of High Levels of Dietary Linseed Oil on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Hepatic Lipid Metabolism, and Expression of Inflammatory Genes in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueshan Li ◽  
Qiuchi Chen ◽  
Qingfei Li ◽  
Jiamin Li ◽  
Kun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Content

A growth experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary fish oil (FO) replaced by linseed oil (LO) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, hepatic lipid metabolism, and expression of inflammatory genes in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Fish (initial weight: 15.88 ± 0.14 g) were fed four experimental diets with 0% (the control), 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100% of FO replaced by LO. Each diet was randomly attributed to triplicate seawater floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 2.0 m) with 60 fish in each cage. Results showed that the growth performance of fish fed the diet with 100% LO was markedly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.05), while no remarkable difference was observed in the growth performance of fish fed diets within 66.7% LO (P > 0.05). The percentage of 18:3n-3 was the highest in the liver and muscle of fish fed the diet with 100% LO among the four treatments. When dietary FO was entirely replaced by LO, fish had a markedly higher total cholesterol, total triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content, and alanine transaminase activity in the serum than the control group (P < 0.05). The concentration of malondialdehyde was markedly higher, while the activity of catalase was markedly lower in fish fed the diet with 100% LO than the control group (P < 0.05). When dietary FO was entirely replaced by LO, hepatic lipid content, transcriptional levels of fatp1 and cd36, and CD36 protein expression were significantly higher, while transcriptional level of cpt-1 and CPT-1 protein expression were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). As for the gene expression of cytokines, fish fed the diet with 100% LO had markedly higher transcriptional levels of il-1β, tnfα, and il-6 than the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the substitution of 66.7% FO with LO had no significant effects on the growth performance of fish, while 100% LO decreased the growth performance and increased the inflammation and hepatic lipid content of fish. The increase of hepatic lipid content was probably due to the increased fatty acid uptake and decreased fatty acid oxidation in fish.

Effects of dietary curcumin on growth, antioxidant capacity, fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of large yellow croaker fed a high-fat diet

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Renlei Ji ◽  
Xiaojun Xiang ◽  
Xueshan Li ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
Qinghui Ai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid

Abstract A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary curcumin (CC) on growth antioxidant responses, fatty acid composition, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of large yellow croaker fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Four diets (lipid level at 18 %) were formulated with different levels of curcumin (0, 0·02, 0·04 and 0·06 %). The best growth performance was found in the 0·04 % curcumin group, with the body and hepatic lipid levels lower than the control group (0 % CC). The content of TAG, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol was the least in the 0·06 % curcumin group. The lowest malondialdehyde and the highest superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity were observed in the 0·04 % curcumin group. The 0·04 % curcumin group had higher expression of Δ6fad, elovl5 and elovl4 and showed higher hepatic n-6 and n-3 PUFA. Expression of ppara, cpt1, and aco was significantly increased, while expression of srebp1 and fas was dramatically decreased in curcumin groups compared with the control group. Overall, 0·04 % curcumin supplementation could mitigate the negative effects caused by HFD and promote growth via reducing hepatic lipid deposition, improving antioxidant activity and increasing PUFA of large yellow croaker. To conclude, abnormal hepatic lipid deposition was probably due to increased fatty acid oxidation and reduced de novo synthesis of fatty acids.

scholarly journals The p53 signaling pathway of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) responds to acute cold stress: evidence via spatiotemporal expression analysis of p53, p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45, Fas, and Akt

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10532
Author(s):  
Baoying Qian ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Yi Bai ◽  
Yubo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
P53 Signaling ◽  
Cycle Arrest

The p53 activation is induced by stressors, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and activated oncogenes, and can promote cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important warm temperate marine fish in the Chinese aquiculture industry. However, few studies have investigated the role of p53 in the response of L. crocea to environmental stressors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the spatiotemporal mRNA expression levels of genes involved in the p53 signaling pathway of the large yellow croaker in response to cold stress. The results showed significant changes in the expression levels of p53, p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45, Fas, and Akt in various tissues of the large yellow croaker in response to cold stress for different times. As compared to the control group, p53 mRNA expression was upregulated in most of the examined tissues at 24 h with the exception of the gill. In the liver, the expression levels of p53 and Fas were significantly decreased at 12 h, while those of p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45 were dramatically increased. Akt expression was notably changed in response to cold in several tissues. These results suggested that p53 was potentially a key gene in the large yellow croaker response to cold and possibly other environmental stressors.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and mRNA Expression of ISP2 and ISP4 in the Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys Crocea) Under Acute Cold Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoying Qian
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract Ice structure proteins (ISPs), also known as antifreeze proteins, can lower the point of freezing by inhibiting the growth of ice crystals and protect organisms from freezing temperatures. The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important warm-temperate marine fish in Chinese aquaculture. Only a few ISP studies have been reported in this fish to date. In this study, the cDNA of ISP2 were cloned and characterized, and mRNA expression of ISP2 and ISP4 was assessed in different tissues of the large yellow croaker under different periods of acute cold stress (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, rewarming after 12 and 24 h). We found that ISP2 cDNA is 861 bases in length, encoding a protein of 168 amino acid residues. The mRNA expression of ISP2 and ISP4 in tissues of large yellow croaker under different periods of acute cold stress changed significantly. In comparison with the control group, ISP2 expression increased dramatically in the heart (1,976 fold) and intestine (26 fold) after 3 h of acute cold stress and increased 43 fold in the spleen after 6 h. ISP4 expression was up-regulated significantly in the brain (43 fold) and gill (376 fold) at 1 h acute cold stress, and increased 2,774 fold in the intestine at 3 h, 64 fold in muscle and 141 fold in the spleen after rewarming for 1 h after 12 h acute cold stress. These results indicate that ISP2 and ISP4 may play an important role in the response of large yellow croaker to acute cold stress.

scholarly journals Pycnogenol protects against diet-induced hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (2) ◽  
pp. E218-E228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Difei Wang ◽  
Huiying Cong ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Yanli Cao ◽  
Shoichiro Ikuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Content

PycnogenolR (PYC), a combination of active flavonoids derived from French maritime pine bark, is a natural antioxidant that has various pharmacological activities. Here, we investigated the beneficial effect of PYC on diet-induced hepatic steatosis. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient male mice were administered PYC at oral doses of 30 or 100 mg·kg−1·day−1 for 2 wk in advance and were then fed a high-cholesterol and -fat diet (HCD) for 8 wk. Biochemical, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analyses were conducted to explore the effect of PYC on lipid metabolism in ApoE-deficient mice on a HCD. Short-term treatment with HCD in ApoE-deficient mice induced hepatic injuries, such as lipid metabolism disorder and hepatic histopathological changes. We found that PYC reduced body weight and the increase of serum lipids that had been caused by HCD. Supplementation of PYC significantly reduced lipid deposition in the liver, as shown by the lowered hepatic lipid content and histopathological lesions. We subsequently detected genes related to lipid metabolism and inflammatory cytokines. The study showed that PYC markedly suppressed the expression of genes related to hepatic lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, and lipid storage while increasing the lipolytic gene, which thus reduced hepatic lipid content. Furthermore, PYC mainly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, which were resistant to the development of hepatic steatosis. These results demonstrate that PYC protects against the occurrence and development of hepatic steatosis and may provide a new prophylactic approach for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

scholarly journals Regulation of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 on Inflammatory Gene Induced by LPS in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjiao Wu ◽  
Qingfei Li ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
Qinghui Ai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Inflammatory Genes ◽  
Acid Receptor ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptor ◽  
Fatty Acid Receptor

Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) plays a key role in regulating the inflammatory response in mammals. The present study aimed to investigate the function of large yellow croaker FFAR4 on inflammation. In the present study, ffar4 was widely expressed in 10 tissues of large yellow croaker including gill, head kidney and spleen. Further studies showed that treatment of head kidney macrophages with agonists (TUG891 or GSK137647A) or overexpression of ffar4 reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes induced by LPS, and increased the expression of pparγ. Treatment of macrophages with antagonist AH7614 increased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes induced by LPS, and decreased the mRNA expression of pparγ. In order to verify the immunomodulatory effect of PPARγ, PPARγ was overexpressed in macrophages which significantly reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes il6, il1β, il8, tnfα and cox2. Moreover, results of dual-luciferase assays showed that PPARγ downregulated the transcriptional activity of il6 and il1β promoters. In conclusion, FFAR4 showed anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammation in large yellow croaker.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document