scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and mRNA Expression of ISP2 and ISP4 in the Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys Crocea) Under Acute Cold Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoying Qian
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract Ice structure proteins (ISPs), also known as antifreeze proteins, can lower the point of freezing by inhibiting the growth of ice crystals and protect organisms from freezing temperatures. The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important warm-temperate marine fish in Chinese aquaculture. Only a few ISP studies have been reported in this fish to date. In this study, the cDNA of ISP2 were cloned and characterized, and mRNA expression of ISP2 and ISP4 was assessed in different tissues of the large yellow croaker under different periods of acute cold stress (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, rewarming after 12 and 24 h). We found that ISP2 cDNA is 861 bases in length, encoding a protein of 168 amino acid residues. The mRNA expression of ISP2 and ISP4 in tissues of large yellow croaker under different periods of acute cold stress changed significantly. In comparison with the control group, ISP2 expression increased dramatically in the heart (1,976 fold) and intestine (26 fold) after 3 h of acute cold stress and increased 43 fold in the spleen after 6 h. ISP4 expression was up-regulated significantly in the brain (43 fold) and gill (376 fold) at 1 h acute cold stress, and increased 2,774 fold in the intestine at 3 h, 64 fold in muscle and 141 fold in the spleen after rewarming for 1 h after 12 h acute cold stress. These results indicate that ISP2 and ISP4 may play an important role in the response of large yellow croaker to acute cold stress.

scholarly journals The p53 signaling pathway of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) responds to acute cold stress: evidence via spatiotemporal expression analysis of p53, p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45, Fas, and Akt

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10532
Author(s):  
Baoying Qian ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Yi Bai ◽  
Yubo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
P53 Signaling ◽  
Cycle Arrest

The p53 activation is induced by stressors, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and activated oncogenes, and can promote cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important warm temperate marine fish in the Chinese aquiculture industry. However, few studies have investigated the role of p53 in the response of L. crocea to environmental stressors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the spatiotemporal mRNA expression levels of genes involved in the p53 signaling pathway of the large yellow croaker in response to cold stress. The results showed significant changes in the expression levels of p53, p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45, Fas, and Akt in various tissues of the large yellow croaker in response to cold stress for different times. As compared to the control group, p53 mRNA expression was upregulated in most of the examined tissues at 24 h with the exception of the gill. In the liver, the expression levels of p53 and Fas were significantly decreased at 12 h, while those of p21, MDM2, IGF-1, Gadd45 were dramatically increased. Akt expression was notably changed in response to cold in several tissues. These results suggested that p53 was potentially a key gene in the large yellow croaker response to cold and possibly other environmental stressors.

Effects of dietary terrestrial oils supplemented with l-carnitine on growth, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and inflammation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xueshan Li ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Qiuchi Chen ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
Qinghui Ai
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Content

Abstract The present study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary terrestrial oils (TO) supplemented with l-carnitine on growth performance, biochemical and antioxidant response, lipid metabolism and inflammation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Three iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated with FO (fish oil, the control group), 75 % TO (75 % FO was substituted by the oil mixture with equal amounts of soyabean oil, linseed oil and pork lard) and 75 % TOC (75 % TO supplemented with 800 mg/kg l-carnitine). Compared with the control group, feed efficiency ratio and specific growth rate were significantly increased in fish fed diets with 75 % TO and 75 % TOC. Hepatic lipid content, serum TAG level, LDL-cholesterol level and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes (tnfα and ifnγ) were significantly increased in fish fed the diet with 75 % TO compared with the control group. However, the supplementation of 800 mg/kg l-carnitine in the 75 % TO diet repressed hepatic lipid content, serum LDL-cholesterol level and the mRNA expression of tnfα and ifnγ in fish compared with fish fed the diet with 75 % TO. Total antioxidant capacity, the activity of superoxide dismutase, the mRNA expression of cpt-I and the activity of CPT-I were significantly increased in fish fed the diet with 75 % TOC compared with 75 % TO. In conclusion, these results suggested that the supplementation of 800 mg/kg l-carnitine in the diet with TO mixture could increase growth, antioxidant capacity and fatty acid oxidation and decrease the expression of inflammatory genes in large yellow croaker.

scholarly journals Regulation of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 on Inflammatory Gene Induced by LPS in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjiao Wu ◽  
Qingfei Li ◽  
Kangsen Mai ◽  
Qinghui Ai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Inflammatory Genes ◽  
Acid Receptor ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptor ◽  
Fatty Acid Receptor

Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) plays a key role in regulating the inflammatory response in mammals. The present study aimed to investigate the function of large yellow croaker FFAR4 on inflammation. In the present study, ffar4 was widely expressed in 10 tissues of large yellow croaker including gill, head kidney and spleen. Further studies showed that treatment of head kidney macrophages with agonists (TUG891 or GSK137647A) or overexpression of ffar4 reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes induced by LPS, and increased the expression of pparγ. Treatment of macrophages with antagonist AH7614 increased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes induced by LPS, and decreased the mRNA expression of pparγ. In order to verify the immunomodulatory effect of PPARγ, PPARγ was overexpressed in macrophages which significantly reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes il6, il1β, il8, tnfα and cox2. Moreover, results of dual-luciferase assays showed that PPARγ downregulated the transcriptional activity of il6 and il1β promoters. In conclusion, FFAR4 showed anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammation in large yellow croaker.

scholarly journals Oleic and palmitic acids induce hepatic angiopoietin-like 4 expression predominantly via PPAR-γ in Larimichthys crocea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Xiang ◽  
Shangzhe Han ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Qiuchi Chen ◽  
Renlei Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Triacylglycerol Metabolism ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Abstract Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a potent regulator of triacylglycerol metabolism but knowledge of the mechanisms underlying ANGPTL4 transcription in response to fatty acids is still limited in teleost. In this study, we explored the molecular characterization of ANGPTL4 and regulatory mechanisms of ANGPTL4 in response to fatty acids in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Here, croaker angptl4 contained a 1416 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 471 amino acids with highly conserved 12-amino acid consensus motif. Angptl4 was widely expressed in croaker, with the highest expression in the liver. In vitro, oleic and palmitic acids (OA and PA) treatments strongly increased angptl4 mRNA expression in croaker hepatocytes. Moreover, angptl4 expression was positively regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor family (PPAR-α, β and γ) and expression of pparγ was also significantly increased in response to OA and PA. Moreover, inhibition of PPARγ abrogated OA or PA-induced angptl4 mRNA expression. Beyond that, PA might increase angptl4 expression partly via the insulin signaling. Overall, the expression of ANGPTL4 is strongly upregulated by OA and PA via PPARγ in the liver of croaker, which contributes to improve the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ANGPTL4 in fish.

scholarly journals Effects of tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol combination and its specific antagonist on AMPK in the brain of rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Ning Ma ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hong-bin Wang ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Jian-hua Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Specific Antagonist ◽  
Sedation And Analgesia ◽  
The Brain

AbstractIntroduction:Tiletamine-xylazine-tramadol (XFM) has few side effects and can provide good sedation and analgesia. Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can attenuate trigeminal neuralgia. The study aimed to investigate the effects of XFM and its specific antagonist on AMPK in different regions of the brain.Material and Methods:A model of XFM in the rat was established. A total of 72 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equally sized groups: XFM anaesthesia (M group), antagonist (W group), and XFM with antagonist interactive groups (MW group). Eighteen SD rats were in the control group and were injected intraperitoneally with saline (C group). The rats were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, and brain stem were immediately separated, in order to detect AMPKα mRNA expression by quantitative PCR.Results:XFM was able to increase the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in all brain regions, and the antagonist caused the opposite effect, although the effects of XFM could not be completely reversed in some areas.Conclusion:XFM can influence the expression of AMPK in the central nervous system of the rat, which can provide a reference for the future development of anaesthetics for animals.

scholarly journals LPS Stimulation Induces Small Heterodimer Partner Expression Through the AMPK-NRF2 Pathway in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlong Du ◽  
Xiaojun Xiang ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Kun Cui ◽  
Yuning Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Larimichthys Crocea ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Lps Treatment ◽  
Inhibitor Treatment

The mall heterodimer partner (SHP) plays an important regulatory role in mammal inflammation. The main objective of this study was to investigate the response of SHP to inflammatory stimulation and its underlying mechanism. The shp gene from large yellow croakers, was cloned, and this gene is mainly expressed in the liver and intestine. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation induced the mRNA expression and protein level of SHP in macrophages of large yellow croakers. Overexpression of SHP significantly decreased mRNA expression of tnfα, il-1β, il-6 and cox2 induced by LPS treatment in macrophages. LPS stimulation increased the phosphorylation level of Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in macrophages. AMPK inhibitor treatment significantly decreased the expression of SHP induced by LPS while AMPK activator significantly increased the expression of SHP. The nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) increased the promoter activity of SHP in large yellow croakers and the level of nuclear NRF2 was increased by LPS stimulation and AMPK activation. NRF2 inhibitor treatment significantly decreased mRNA expression of shp induced by LPS and AMPK activator. In conclusion, LPS can induce SHP expression by activating the AMPK-NRF2 pathway while SHP could negatively regulate LPS-induced inflammation in large yellow croakers. This study may be benefit to the development of immunology of marine fish and provide new ideas for inflammation-related diseases.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning of a Novel Mouse Testis-specific Spermatogenic Cell Apoptosis Inhibitor Gene mTSARG7 as a Candidate Oncogene

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jun Tan ◽  
Xiao-Wei Xing ◽  
Lu-Yun Li ◽  
Zhao-Di Wu ◽  
Chang-Gao Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Mouse Testis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Apoptosis Inhibitor ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Candidate Oncogene

Abstract A novel mouse gene, mTSARG7 (GenBank accession No. AY489184), with a full cDNA length of 2279 bp and containing 12 exons and 11 introns, was cloned from a mouse expressed sequence tag (GenBank accession No. BE644543) that was significantly up-regulated in cryptorchidism. The gene was located in mouse chromosome 8A1.3 and encoded a protein containing 403 amino acid residues that was a new member of the acyltransferase family because the sequence contained the highly conserved phosphate acyltransferase (PlsC) domain existing in all acyltransferase-like proteins. The mTSARG7 protein and AU041707 protein shared 83.9% identity in 402 amino acid residues. Expression of the mTSARG7 gene was restricted to the mouse testis. The results of the in situ hybridization analysis revealed that the mTSARG7 mRNA was expressed in mouse spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Subcellular localization studies showed that the EGFP-tagged mTSARG7 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of GC-1 spg cells. The mTSARG7 mRNA expression was initiated in the mouse testis in the second week after birth, and the expression level increased steadily with spermatogenesis and sexual maturation of the mouse. The results of the heat stress experiment showed that the mTSARG7 mRNA expression gradually decreased as the heating duration increased. The pcDNA3.1 Hygro(–)/mTSARG7 plasmid was constructed and introduced into GC-1 spg cells by liposome transfection. The mTSARG7 can accelerate GC-1 spg cells, causing them to traverse the S-phase and enter the G2-phase, compared with the control group where this did not occur as there was no transfection of mTSARG7. In conclusion, our results suggest that this gene may play an important role in spermatogenesis and the development of cryptorchid testes, and is a testis-specific apoptosis candidate oncogene.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Esterases Profiling of diabetes-induced rat and tissues compartmentalisation.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedoja Wusu
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Defence Mechanism ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Tissues

Enormous complications associated with diabetes contribute to the therapeutic challenge confronting most of the world, including developing countries. This study was carried out to investigate diabetes mellitus on esterases and antioxidant enzymes in different tissues compartments of rats. Animals were divided into two groups of 10 animals each. The experimental group was confirmed diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin injection (STZ, freshly dissolved in citrate buffer, pH 4.5, 50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In contrast, the control group was injected with citrate buffer only. Blood glucose and weight of the animals were monitored for 7 days. Blood, liver and brain were removed, and biochemical parameters determined spectrophotometrically. Diabetes produced various degrees of alterations in antioxidant defence mechanism and esterases activities that are compartment specific. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited to various extents. While AChE was inhibited to the tune of 39% in plasma, 33% in the brain and 30% in the liver, activation of the activity was observed in the red blood cell (RBC). The same trend of significant (p < 0.001) inhibition was observed with arylesterase in the plasma, brain and liver, and activation in the RBC. Diabetes induced significant (p<0.001) inhibition in catalase, Glutathione-S-transferase, and Superoxide dismutase in the brain and liver, respectively, compared to control more than the other compartments. However, activation was also observed in the RBC of these enzymes except for catalase and nitric oxide. In conclusion, distinct compartments effects of diabetes observed in this study could suggest a new approach for effective and safer therapeutics.

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