ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SITTING/LYING DOWN, STANDING, WALKING TIME AND NUMBER OF STEPS PER DAY WITH THE HORMONAL PROFILE AND RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF WOMEN WITH OBESITY LIVING IN A LOW-INCOME REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Mateus L. Macena ◽  
André E. da Silva Júnior ◽  
Dafiny R. S. Praxedes ◽  
Laís G. L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Isabele R. O. M. Pureza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Standing Time ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Walking Time ◽  
Lying Down ◽  
Resting Energy

Abstract Reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) by sitting less and standing/walking more is advised to prevent chronic diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying this recommendation are not well-established, especially in individuals with obesity living in low-income regions. The present study evaluated whether there are associations between PA indicators (PAI – standing time, walking time, and the number of steps/day) and SB indicators (SBI - sitting/lying down time) with the hormonal profile and resting energy expenditure (REE) of adult women living in a low-income region. This is a cross-sectional study. We collected data on hormones (insulin resistance, leptin, and thyroid axis), body composition (tetrapolar bioimpedance), REE (indirect calorimetry), and PAI and SBI (triaxial accelerometers, ActivPAL). Multivariable linear models adjusting for age and fat-free mass were performed. Fifty-eight women (mean age of 31 years and body mass index of 33 kg/m2) were included. The mean sitting/lying down time and standing time were 16.08 and 5.52 h/day, respectively. Sitting/lying down time showed a direct association with free thyroxine (FT4) (β = 0.56 ng/dL; 95%CI = −1.10; −0.02). Standing time showed a direct association with FT4 (β = 0.75 ng/dL; 95% CI = 0.01; 1.48) and inverse association with free triiodothyronine (β = −2.83 pg/mL 95%CI = −5.56; −0.10). There were no associations between PAI and SBI with the REE, insulin resistance, leptin and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thus, decreased SB is associated with thyroid hormones levels but not with REE, insulin resistance or leptin in women with obesity living in low-income regions.

scholarly journals Female rats selectively bred for high intrinsic aerobic fitness are protected from ovariectomy-associated metabolic dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (6) ◽  
pp. R530-R542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria J. Vieira-Potter ◽  
Jaume Padilla ◽  
Young-Min Park ◽  
Rebecca J. Welly ◽  
Rebecca J. Scroggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽  
Resting Energy

Ovariectomized rodents model human menopause in that they rapidly gain weight, reduce spontaneous physical activity (SPA), and develop metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance. How contrasting aerobic fitness levels impacts ovariectomy (OVX)-associated metabolic dysfunction is not known. Female rats selectively bred for high and low intrinsic aerobic fitness [high-capacity runners (HCR) and low-capacity runners (LCR), respectively] were maintained under sedentary conditions for 39 wk. Midway through the observation period, OVX or sham (SHM) operations were performed providing HCR-SHM, HCR-OVX, LCR-SHM, and LCR-OVX groups. Glucose tolerance, energy expenditure, and SPA were measured before and 4 wk after surgery, while body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and adipose tissue distribution, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle phenotype, hepatic lipid content, insulin resistance via homeostatic assessment model of insulin resistance and AdipoIR, and blood lipids were assessed at death. Remarkably, HCR were protected from OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance, observed only in LCR. HCR rats were ∼30% smaller, had ∼70% greater spontaneous physical activity (SPA), consumed ∼10% more relative energy, had greater skeletal muscle proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-alpha, and ∼40% more BAT. OVX did not increase energy intake and reduced SPA to the same extent in both HCR and LCR. LCR were particularly affected by an OVX-associated reduction in resting energy expenditure and experienced a reduction in relative BAT; resting energy expenditure correlated positively with BAT across all animals ( r = 0.6; P < 0.001). In conclusion, despite reduced SPA following OVX, high intrinsic aerobic fitness protects against OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance. The mechanism may involve preservation of resting energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Normal-Weight Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 4923-4930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Fleischman ◽  
Matthew Kron ◽  
David M. Systrom ◽  
Mirko Hrovat ◽  
Steven K. Grinspoon
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Resting Energy

Background: Obesity has become an epidemic in children, associated with an increase in insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Mitochondrial function is known to be an important determinant of glucose metabolism in adults. However, little is known about the relationship between mitochondrial function and obesity, insulin resistance, energy expenditure, and pubertal development in children. Methods: Seventy-four participants, 37 overweight (≥85th percentile body mass index for age and sex) and 37 normal-weight (&lt;85th percentile) without personal or family history of diabetes mellitus were enrolled. Subjects were evaluated with an oral glucose tolerance test, metabolic markers, resting energy expenditure, Tanner staging, and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of skeletal muscle for mitochondrial function. Results: Overweight and normal-weight children showed no difference in muscle ATP synthesis [phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery after exercise] (32.4 ± 2.3 vs. 34.1 ± 2.1, P = 0.58). However, insulin-resistant children had significantly prolonged PCr recovery when compared with insulin-sensitive children, by homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance quartile (ANOVA, P = 0.04). Similarly, insulin-resistant overweight children had PCr recovery that was prolonged compared with insulin-sensitive overweight children (P = 0.01). PCr recovery was negatively correlated with resting energy expenditure in multivariate modeling (P = 0.03). Mitochondrial function worsened during mid-puberty in association with insulin resistance. Conclusion: Reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, assessed by PCr recovery, is associated with insulin resistance and an altered metabolic phenotype in children. Normal mitochondrial function may be associated with a healthier metabolic phenotype in overweight children. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term physiological consequences and potential treatment strategies targeting children with reduced mitochondrial function.

scholarly journals Sex differences in resting energy expenditure and their relation to insulin resistance in children (EarlyBird 13)

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Kirkby ◽  
Brad S Metcalf ◽  
Alison N Jeffery ◽  
Christina F O'Riordan ◽  
Jenny Perkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals Increased Resting Energy Expenditure and Insulin Resistance in Male Patients With Moderate-to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

2016 ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BRÚSIK ◽  
Z. ŠTRBOVÁ ◽  
D. PETRÁŠOVÁ ◽  
P. POBEHA ◽  
Z. KUKLIŠOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Resting Energy

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been associated with disturbances in energy metabolism and insulin resistance, nevertheless, the links between OSA severity, resting energy expenditure (REE) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA-IR) remained unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the effects of OSA severity on REE, and relationships between REE and HOMA-IR in patients with OSA. Forty men [mean (SD) age 49.4 (11.4) years] underwent overnight polysomnography; REE was assessed using indirect calorimetry. REE adjusted for fat-free mass (FFM) was higher in patients with moderate-to severe OSA [n=24; body mass index (BMI) 31.1 (2.7) kg.m-2; apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI)≥15 episodes.h 1] compared to participants with no clinically significant OSA (n=16; BMI 30.3 (2.2) kg.m-2; AHI<15 episodes.h-1) [median (interquartile range) 30.4 (26.1-31.3) versus 25.8 (24.6-27.3) kcal.kg-1.24 h-1, p=0.005)]. AHI and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were directly related to REE/FFM (p=0.001; p<0.001, respectively) and to HOMA-IR (p<0.001 for both). In stepwise multiple linear models, REE/FFM was independently predicted by ODI (p<0.001) and age (p=0.028) (R2=0.346); HOMA-IR was independently predicted by ODI only (p<0.001, R2=0.457). In conclusion, male patients with moderate-to severe OSA have increased REE paralleled by impaired insulin sensitivity. Severity of nocturnal intermittent hypoxia reflected by ODI is an independent predictor of REE/FFM and HOMA-IR.

Changes in resting energy expenditure and their relationship to insulin resistance and weight gain: A longitudinal study in pre-pubertal children (EarlyBird 17)

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Hosking ◽  
William Henley ◽  
Brad S. Metcalf ◽  
Alison N. Jeffery ◽  
Linda D. Voss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of energy metabolism, body composition and metabolic features in children with hypothalamic and simple obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Pavel L. Okorokov ◽  
Alexey L. Kalinin ◽  
Natalia A. Strebkova ◽  
Maria A. Kareva ◽  
Olga V. Vasyukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Hypothalamic Obesity ◽  
Simple Obesity ◽  
Resting Energy

Background: Hypothalamic obesity often develops after surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma and is characterized by rapid weight gain, high frequency of metabolic disorders, body composition specificity and resistance to standard lifestyle modification approaches and medication therapy of obesity. Recent studies show that one of the mechanisms, explaining weight gain in these children is decrease in resting energy expenditure (REE).Aims: To compare REE, body composition parameters, and the frequency of metabolic disorders in children with hypothalamic and simple obesity.Materials and methods: The study included 60 obese children aged 7 to 17 years, divided into two groups. The study group included 20 children with hypothalamic obesity, developed after craniopharyngioma treatment. The control group consisted of 40 children with simple obesity. Body composition, REE, and metabolic disorders were associated in all children.Results: Children with hypothalamic obesity showed a significant decrease of resting energy expenditure. The average decrease in REE was 13.1%, but in single patients it reached 33.4%. The percentage of fat mass in hypothalamic and simple obesity does not differ significantly (39.7% [36.2; 42.6] vs 38.8 % [35.9; 43.2]; p=0.69). Screening for metabolic disorders revealed a high prevalence of metabolic disorders in hypothalamic obesity: impaired glucose tolerance - in 10%; dyslipidemia - 55%, insulin resistance-50%, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - 60 %.Conclusions: Children with hypothalamic obesity showed a significant decrease of resting energy expenditure. When planning a diet in this group of patients it is preferable to use indirect calorimetry. Hypothalamic obesity even at an early age is associated with a high frequency of metabolic disturbance. Hypothalamic obesity in children is not associated with more pronounced hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance compared to the simple obesity.

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