Response of Wheat on Coarse Textured Soils to Mode and Time of Manganese Application

SUMMARYTwo field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of rate, mode and time of application of manganese sulphate to irrigated wheat on manganese-deficient loamy sand (Ustipsamments) soils recently brought under rice. A significant increase in manganese uptake by wheat and marked increases in wheat grain and straw yields occurred following both soil (5, 10 and 20 kg Mn ha-1) and foliar (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% MnSO4 solution) application of manganese, but foliar application was more effective. A series of sprays initiated before the wheat was first irrigated (26 days after sowing) gave significantly better results than application begun after the first irrigation (32 days after sowing); four sprays of 0.5% MnSO4 solution produced the largest grain yield, followed by three of a 1% solution.

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Increase maize productivity and water use efficiency through application of potassium silicate under water stress

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80656-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. A. Gomaa ◽

Essam E. Kandil ◽

Atef A. M. Zen El-Dein ◽

Mamdouh E. M. Abou-Donia ◽

Hayssam M. Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Water Use ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Potassium Silicate ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Maize Productivity ◽

Use Efficiency

AbstractIn Egypt, water shortage has become a key limiting factor for agriculture. Water-deficit stress causes different morphological, physiological, and biochemical impacts on plants. Two field experiments were carried out at Etay El-Baroud Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt, to evaluate the effect of potassium silicate (K-silicate) of maize productivity and water use efficiency (WUE). A split-plot system in the four replications was used under three irrigation intervals during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Whereas 10, 15, and 20 days irrigation intervals were allocated in main plots, while the three foliar application treatments of K-silicate (one spray at 40 days after sowing; two sprays at 40 and 60 days; and three sprays at 40, 60, and 80 days, and a control (water spray) were distributed in the subplots. All the treatments were distributed in 4 replicates. The results indicated that irrigation every 15 days gave the highest yield in both components and quality. The highly significant of (WUE) under irrigation every 20 days. Foliar spraying of K-silicate three times resulted in the highest yield. Even under water-deficit stress, irrigation every fifteen days combined with foliar application of K-silicate three times achieved the highest values of grain yield and its components. These results show that K-silicate treatment can increase WUE and produce high grain yield requiring less irrigation.

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Field experiments on the effect of applying a nitrogenous fertilizer to wheat at different stages of growth

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600052138 ◽

1939 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 379-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

D. J. Watson

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Opposite Direction ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Straw Yield ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Stages Of Growth ◽

Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽

Short Period

An account is given of the results of two series of field experiments carried out at Rothamsted and Woburn in the years 1926 to 1936 on the effect of nitrogenous fertilizers on wheat. In the first series a comparison was made of the effects of early (March) and late (May) top-dressings, and in the second series a range of times of application from sowing to the end of May were tested.At Rothamsted, the increases of yield of grain produced by the nitrogenous fertilizer were small and rarely significant, but they were greater at Woburn. On the average of all experiments, the effect of the fertilizer on yield of grain was independent of the time of application. In individual years, variation in effectiveness between times of application was found, and this was correlated with the amount of rain falling in a short period after the time of application. At Woburn, the effectiveness of the fertilizer decreased with increase in the amount of rain falling immediately after the application of the fertilizer, but at Rothamsted the effects were less clear and appeared to be in the opposite direction.The effects on straw yield were relatively greater, and more consistent, than those on grain yield. A greater increase of straw yield was produced by early top-dressing (January–March) than by application at the time of sowing, and the increase declined steadily the later the time of topdressing. Shoot height was increased by the nitrogenous fertilizer, and varied with time of application in a similar manner to straw yield.

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Methods and time of application of labelled nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600044294 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 529-534

Author(s):

E. P. Papanicolaou ◽

V. D. Skarlou ◽

C. Nobeli ◽

N. S. Katranis

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Alluvial Soil ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Maize Grain

SummaryIn this study two field experiments were conducted on a heavy to medium heavy, calcareous, recent alluvial soil of Central Greece. The main aim of these experiments was to study the effect of the most common nitrogen sources, applied in one or two doses, on maize growth and fertilizer utilization. Foliar application of urea was also a treatment included in these experiments.Phosphorus alone had no significant effect on maize yield. Nitrogen (various forms), alone or in combination with phosphorus, increased the yield and nitrogen content of maize. Maize yield was not significantly affected by the form of nitrogen or by dividing the application of nitrogen. Foliar applications of urea were as effective as soil applications in increasing maize grain yields.The percentage of fertilizer nitrogen taken up (utilization coefficient) ranged between ca. 58% for sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, and ca. 39% for ammonium sulphate and urea, when the fertilizers were applied about 10 weeks after sowing. Foliar urea was nearly as efficiently utilized as urea applied as a sidedressing. Application of the tested fertilizers before sowing was nearly as efficient as or more efficient than application of the fertilizers as a sidedressing at 70 cm plant height (38 days after sowing). Finally, addition of 120 kg N/ha enhanced the amount of soil nitrogen taken up in the maize crop by 33%.

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A comparison of tri-allate formulations for control of wild oats in wheat in northern New South Wales

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9890215 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 215

Author(s):

RJ Martin ◽

WL Felton ◽

AJ Somervaille

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Crop Residues ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Liquid Formulation ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Wild Oats ◽

South Wales ◽

Glasshouse Experiment

Three field trials and a glasshouse experiment were carried out in northern New South Wales to determine the effects of reduced mechanical incorporation and the presence of crop residues on the efficacy of liquid and granular formulations of triallate [S-(2,3,3-trichioroallyl) diisopropylthiocarbamate] for control of wild oats (Avena fatua and A. sterilis ssp. ludoviciana) in wheat. In field experiments, fallow management practices with surface crop residues ranging from nil to complete retention from the previous wheat crop, did not affect the performance of tri-allate (incorporated by sowing) in terms of control of wild oats and wheat grain yield response. Application of a granular formulation resulted in lower than expected wheat grain yields in 2 of the field experiments and phytotoxicity to the crop was suspected as the reason. Although soil incorporation improved the performance of tri-allate at the recommended rate of 0.8 kg/ha, satisfactory control of wild oats and profitable increases in wheat grain yield were obtained with tri-allate at 1.2 kg/ha when incorporated by sowing into seedbeds containing up to 2 t/ha of crop residue. We conclude that tri-allate as the liquid formulation at 1.2 kg/ha gives economic control of wild oats in no-tillage and stubble-mulched seedbeds when incorporated by sowing provided that the weed-free wheat grain yield potential is not less than 1.5 t/ha. Results from the glasshouse experiment, farmer experience and published literature support the practice of incorporating tri-allate into dry soil with subsequent activation by sowing rain. The potential use of the granular formulation is limited by the greater risk of crop damage compared with the liquid formulation.

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An evaluation of sulfur efficiency parameters in soybean and wheat cropping systems in relation to fertiliser sulfur on a Typic Haplustert

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/a96058 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. N. Ganeshamurthy

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Crop Production ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

S Uptake ◽

S Application ◽

Optimum Production

Sulfur (S) efficiency parameters were evaluated in soybean-wheat cropping systems in relation to rates of applied S in field experiments on Typic Haplusterts. The parameters evaluated were grain yield per kg fertiliser S applied, S harvest index (SHI), S utilisation from soil (SUS), and fertiliser (SUF) and S efficiency ratios measured as grain yield per kg S uptake by the shoot or grain yield per kg S uptake by the grain. In addition, grain and straw yields, S uptake by both crops, and fertiliser S requirements for optimum production of the 2 crops were also studied. Both soybean and wheat crops responded significantly to S when applied at 0-40 kg/ha on S-deficient soils. The calculated optimum rates of application of fertiliser S to achieve 90% of the maximum yield were 19-38 kg S/ha for soybean and 28-33 kg S/ha for wheat over the 2-year period. The efficiency of crop production as measured by grain or seed yield per kg S applied was greater at lower rates of S application; however, when fertiliser S was applied at a higher rate than 40 kg S/ha, the efficiency declined. Wheat produced more grain yield per kg S applied than soybean. The SHI indicated more efficient translocation of S to soybean seeds than wheat grain. The SUF was greater in wheat, whereas SUS was similar in both soybean and wheat.

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Nitrogen Time of Application Impact on Productivity, Water Use Efficiency and Agronomic Efficiency of Maize in a Semi-arid Environment

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n8p72 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

S. Lamptey ◽

Lingling Li ◽

Junhong Xie

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Use Efficiency

Water is one of the most important limiting factor of rainfed continuous maize (Zea mays L.) cropping systems in northwest of China. A three continuous year field experiments were conducted to study the influence of different nitrogen time of application on grain yield and water use efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) in the Western Loess plateau. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design with two treatments and three replicates. Treatments were; (one-third application of N at sowing + two-third application at pre-flowering) and (one-third application of N at sowing + one-third pre-flowering + one-third at milking) as T1 and T2 respectively. The results showed that, T1 significantly increased grain yield by 9% in 2014 and 2016; and WUE by 11% in 2016 compared to T2. T1 increased AE by 43% compared to T2. Our results indicate that ⅓ application of Nitrogen at sowing and ⅔ application of Nitrogen at pre–flowering (T1) for maize is more appropriate for sustainable maize production in terms of satisfactory grain-N recoveries and low environmental losses of N fertilizer.

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Influence of NAA and nitrogen on the growth and yield of late-planted paddy (Oryza sativa L.)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600061694 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

H. S. Grewal ◽

H. S. Gill

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Water Spray ◽

Area Index ◽

Four Levels

SUMMARYField experiments were carried out at Ludhiana in Punjab during 1982 and 1983 on the effect of foliar application of water spray or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 100 and 200 mg/1 of water on the growth and yield of rice when applied at tillering and before panicle emergence stages of late-transplanted paddy grown under four levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha). Foliar spray of NAA significantly increased the grain yield of paddy as compared with water spray under low levels of nitrogen (0 and 60 kg/ha) owing to increases in the number of ear-bearing shoots per plant, number of filled grains per panicle and grain weight. Chlorophyll content of leaves, leaf area index and interception of photosynthetically active radiation by the crop canopy also increased with foliar spray of NAA and application of nitrogen. Paddy responded significantly up to 90 kg N/ha in terms of grain yield whereas straw yield increased significantly up to 120 kg N/ha. However, grain mass declined significantly with increase in nitrogen from 90 to 120 kg/ha.

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Response of Winter Wheat Grain Yield and Phosphorus Uptake to Foliar Phosphite Fertilization

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2014/801626 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Muaid S. Ali ◽

Apurba Sutradhar ◽

Ma Lourdes Edano ◽

Jeffrey T. Edwards ◽

Kefyalew Girma

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Field Trials ◽

P Uptake ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

P Concentration ◽

Two Stages

One of the major problems that potentially hinders the use of foliar fertilization as a tool to improve nutrient use efficiency is the lack of effective formulations. A phosphite based product, Nutri-phite (3% N, 8.7% P, and 5.8% K) was used as model phosphite formulation for foliar application in winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL). Five field trials were established in the fall of 2009 and 2010 at Perkins, Perry, and Morrison, OK. Treatments encompassed the application of nitrogen (N) at 100 or 75% of crop need and phosphorus at 100 (P 100%) and 80% (P 80%) sufficiency with and without Nutri-phite. Nutri-phite was applied at one and/or two stages of wheat; GS 13 to 14 and GS 49 to 53 at the rate of 433 and 148 g ha−1P and N, respectively. Grain yield was increased by Nutri-phite treatments, especially at Morrison. Grain P concentration of plots treated with two applications of Nutri-phite ranged from 13 to 55% more than the nontreated and standard NP received plots at Perkins in 2009/10 and Perry in 2010/11. Grain P uptake was increased due to application of Nutri-phite at Perkins in 2009/10 and Morrison and Perry in 2010/11. Combined over three year-locations, Nutri-phite increased grain P concentration by 11.6%. The higher grain P concentration of plots treated with Nutri-phite compared to the other treatments clearly demonstrates its potential in improving P status of wheat grain.

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Pyroxsulam: Sulfonamide Herbicide for Weed Control in Wheat in Brazil

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100064 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

L.H.S. ZOBIOLE ◽

R. GAST ◽

R.A. MASTERS ◽

G.R. PEREIRA ◽

R. RUBIN

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Weed Control ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Excellent Control

ABSTRACT: Few herbicides are currently registered in Brazil for weed control in wheat. The objective of this research was to determine the wheat crop selectivity and the response of Lolium multiflorum to pyroxsulam. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Paraná, Brazil. At the proposed commercial rates of 15 and 18 g a.i. ha-1 pyroxsulam did not cause visual injury above 10% in wheat. Pyroxsulam caused >10% injury in wheat at one location (Cascavel) when applied at 21, 30, 36 and 42 g a.i. ha-1; however, the crop fully recovered from the injury by 28 days after application and did not have an adverse effect on wheat grain yield, regardless of the rate applied. Pyroxsulam applied at 15 or 18 g a.i. ha-1 provided excellent control (>85%) of Lolium multiflorum in both trials.

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