OIL PALM BUD ROT IN LATIN AMERICA

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DE FRANQUEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Holding Back

In South and Central America, tens of thousands of hectares of oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) are affected by bud-rot types of disease. Having destroyed entire estates in Panama, Colombia, Suriname, Brazil and Ecuador, they are holding back the development of oil palm cultivation in Latin America. The cause is unknown. Indeed, 30 years after these diseases first wreaked havoc on a large scale, it is still not known whether we are dealing with one or more diseases of infectious origin, or with a physiological disorder. Despite lengthy research launched in the early 1980s, no pathogens or insect vectors have been clearly identified. At present, genetics look likely to offer a solution in the medium- to long term, using traits of resistance transmitted by the native species on the American continent, Elaeis oleifera, to the interspecific hybrid E. oleifera×E. guineensis.

scholarly journals Genes highly overexpressed in salt-stressed Young oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 813-818
Author(s):  
Thalita M. M. Ferreira ◽  
André P. Leão ◽  
Carlos A. F. de Sousa ◽  
Manoel T. Souza Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Sequencing Platforms

ABSTRACT RNA-seq is a technique based on the large-scale sequencing of transcript-derived cDNAs using next-generation sequencing platforms mostly used today to characterize an organism’s transcriptome. The analysis of RNA-seq data allows for identifying genes differentially expressed in a given condition, such as salt stress. This study aimed to search and characterize genes from the African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) highly up-regulated during salt stress, with a long-term goal of gene promoter prospection and validation. The apical leaves from the control (electrical conductivity of ~2 dS m-1) and salt-stressed (~40 dS m-1) young oil palm plants, collected at 5 and 12 days after the beginning of the stress, were subjected to extraction of total RNA, with three plants (replicates) per treatment. The complete genome ofE. guineensis, available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, was used as the reference genome - BioProject PRJNA192219. The differential expression analysis led to the selection for further characterization of seven genes, which had increased expressions of 37-84 times under salt stress. The strategy used in this study enabled the selection of seven salt-responsive genes highly up-regulated during salt stress, and some of them coded for proteins already reported as responsible for salinity tolerance in other plant species through over-expression or knockout.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of bunches from American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera H.B.K. Cortes) and their hybrids with African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Chaves ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Ligarreto- Moreno ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayon-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
African Oil Palm

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis comparativo de las características físicas y químicas de racimos de genotipos de Elaeis oleifera y de sus híbridos interespecíficos OxG con Elaeis guineensis, determinando los componentes y el potencial del aceite del racimo, y la calidad de los aceites, analizando el contenido de ácidos grasos, vitamina E y carotenos. En el estudio se utilizaron racimos provenientes de inflorescencias sin polinización asistida con la presencia perimetral de E. guineensis. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres unidades experimentales, cada una conformada por tres racimos. Los mayores cuajados del fruto se encontraron en el genotipo de E. oleifera Sinú (76,53 %) y el híbrido OxG II (72,64 %). Los potenciales de extracción de aceite fueron superiores en los materiales híbridos OxG destacándose el II (20,82 %). Las palmas E. oleifera presentaron mejores perfiles de ácidos grasos, destacándose los materiales del genotipo Sinú (79,1 % de ácidos grasos insaturados) y los del híbrido II (70,2 %). Para el contenido de vitamina E se confirmó la alta calidad del aceite de los materiales de E. oleifera, sobresaliendo el genotipo Coarí (1.006,7 ppm) y el híbrido II (1.549,6 ppm); el material del genotipo Sinú registró el mayor contenido de carotenos totales (1.524,7 ppm).

scholarly journals In vitro ROOTING OF TENERA HYBRID OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) PLANTS1

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlúcia Souza Pádua ◽  
Raíssa Silveira Santos ◽  
Luciano Vilela Paiva ◽  
Vanessa Cristina Stein ◽  
Luciano Coutinho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid

ABSTRACT Oil palm is a woody monocot of economic importance due to high oil production from its fruits. Currently, the conventional method most used to propagate oil palm is seed germination, but success is limited by long time requirements and low germination percentage. An alternative for large-scale propagation of oil palm is the biotechnological technique of somatic embryogenesis. The rooting of plants germinated from somatic embryos is a difficult step, yet it is of great importance for later acclimatization and success in propagation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the auxins indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of somatic embryos of Tenera hybrid oil palm. Plants obtained by somatic embryogenesis were inoculated in modified MS medium with 10% sucrose and 0.6% agar and supplemented with IAA or IBA at concentrations of 5 µM, 10 µM, and 15 µM, and the absence of growth regulators. After 120 days, the presence of roots, root type, length of the longest root, number of roots, number of leaves, and shoot length were analyzed. Growth regulators were favorable to rooting; plants cultivated with IBA growth regulator at 15 µM showed higher rooting percentage (87%) and better results for the parameters of number of roots (1.33) and shoot length (9.83).

scholarly journals Impacts of the dry season on the gas exchange of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis) progenies under field conditions in eastern Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristihian Jarri Bayona-Rodríguez ◽  
Iván Ochoa-Cadavid ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Photosyn Thesis

Elaeis guineensis palms and its interspecific hybrid (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) were planted in 2004 in the Cuernavaca farm of Unipalma S.A., located in the municipality of Paratebueno (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The palms were planted in two fields: Mecasaragua and Aurora. The first field has never been irrigated, and the second one (Aurora) has always been flood-irrigated during the dry season according to the parameters of the plantation. In this study, physiological parameters (gas exchange and water potential) were assessed in three seasons of the year 2013 (dry season, dry-to-wet transition season and wet season). Significant gas exchange differences were found among the seasons in the field with no irrigation (Mecasaragua). Likewise, differences between the genetic materials were observed during the dry season. For example, the photosyn thesis decreased by 75% compared with the palms planted in the irrigated field. No differences among seasons or materials were found in the irrigated field (Aurora). E. guineensis palms were more sensitive to water stress compared with the OxG interspecific hybrid. Both genetic materials responded rapidly to the first rains by leveling their photosynthetic rates and demonstrated an excellent capacity to recover from water stress.

scholarly journals Phenology of the oil palm interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Hormaza ◽  
Eloina Mesa Fuquen ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Field Isolates of Ganoderma Boninense from Oil Palm Plantation in Solomon Islands

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Mudge ◽  
Rama ◽  
Pilotti ◽  
Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Great Economic Importance

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a long-term perennial crop of great economic importance to [...]

scholarly journals The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
TENGKU IMAM SAPUTRA ◽  
ROBERDI ROBERDI ◽  
YOGO ADHI NUGROHO ◽  
WULAN ARTUTININGSIH ◽  
OLIVIA S. PURBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Snp Discovery ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Genotype Model

Abstract. Saputra TI, Roberdi, Nugroho YA, Artutiningsih W, Purba OS, Maryanto SD, Yono D, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2021. The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm. Biodiversitas 22: 3356-3362. The unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker is a useful tool for detecting of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The objectives of this study were to develop UP-HRM markers to differentiate specific SNPs patterns on oil palm. The marker was developed and tested with Elaeis guineensis (Eg), Elaeis oleifera (Eo), Eo x Eg (hybrid), and was validated with 53 individuals of BC1F1 populations ((Eo x Eg) x Eg). Four UP-HRM markers were developed based on 2 SNPs in the stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein 9-desaturase (EgSAD), 1 SNP in the auxin-responsive protein IAA27-like (EgIAA27), and 1 SNP in the 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (EgACC) genes. The SNP discovery result showed that Eg was represented a reference homozygote genotype, while Eo was represented as an alternative homozygote genotype and the Eo x Eg hybrid was represented as a heterozygote genotype in all genes. The typical UP-HRM melt curve graph was successfully generated. This result was consistent with each genotype model for all four markers. The UP-HRM markers can distinguish each genotype according to the single-pass sequencing results. Furthermore, dendrogram analysis on validation divided 53 BC1F1 samples into three cluster groups.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study (GWAS) for morphological and yield-related traits in an oil palm hybrid (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Osorio ◽  
Gina Garzón ◽  
Paola Delgadillo ◽  
Silvio Bastidas ◽  
Leidy Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background The genus Elaeis has two species of economic importance for the oil palm agroindustry: Elaeis oleifera (O), native to the Americas, and Elaeis guineensis (G), native to Africa. This work provides to our knowledge, the first association mapping study in an interspecific OxG oil palm population, which shows tolerance to pests and diseases, high oil quality, and acceptable fruit bunch production. Results Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we identified a total of 3,776 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) in 378 OxG hybrid population for 10 agronomic traits. Twelve genomic regions (SNPs) were located near candidate genes implicated in multiple functional categories, such as tissue growth, cellular trafficking, and physiological processes. Conclusions We provide new insights on genomic regions that mapped on candidate genes involved in plant architecture and yield. These potential candidate genes need to be confirmed for future targeted functional analyses. Associated markers to the traits of interest may be valuable resources for the development of marker-assisted selection in oil palm breeding. Keywords: Association mapping, Elaeis guineensis , Elaeis oleifera , genotyping-by-sequencing, plant architecture, yield.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact of Potentially Toxic Elements on Tropical Soils Used for Large-Scale Crop Commodities in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 990
Author(s):  
Anderson Martins de Souza Braz ◽  
Marcondes Lima da Costa ◽  
Sílvio Junio Ramos ◽  
Roberto Dall’Agnol ◽  
Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Significant Enrichment

The Amazon soils demand high rates of fertilizer application to express high agricultural potential, making it necessary to carry out frequent monitoring of ecological functions and biogeochemical processes in this important biome. The concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn and contamination indexes were studied in Oxisol and Ultisols cultivated with citrus (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), at 26, 10 and 5 years of implantation, respectively. The potential risk of contamination was estimated by the enrichment (EF) and bioaccumulation (BAF) factors. Moderate enrichment of Ba, Pb and Zn (2 < EF < 5) and significant enrichment of As and Cu (5 < EF < 20) were observed. In addition, the following orders of bioaccumulation were found: oil palm—Cu > Zn > Hg > Ni > Ba > Co > As > Cr > Cd ≈ Pb; black pepper—Zn > Hg > Cu > Ba > Ni > Co > Pb >> As > Cr > Cd; and citrus—Hg > Ni > Ba > Zn > Co > Cu > As > Pb >> Cr > Cd. However, all elements are in concentrations below the prevention and investigation values established by Brazilian legislation, that is, the management practices in the crops studied are not contributing with damage to soil and human health risks.

Lithium value-add faces obstacles in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Steel Maker ◽  
Value Add

Subject Outlook for the "lithium triangle". Significance South Korean steel maker POSCO announced in June that it is pulling out of a joint project with Samsung to manufacture lithium battery parts in Chile. POSCO’s exit came despite an earlier agreement giving it guaranteed supplies of lithium at preferential prices for 27 years. Impacts Some lithium battery factories will be built in Latin America in coming years, but there will be questions over long-term profitability. Locating some battery manufacturing in lithium triangle countries may come to be seen as the price to be paid to secure mining rights. Large-scale battery production will remain concentrated in major EV assembly facilities in China, North America and Europe. Lithium triangle countries will be under ongoing pressure to balance lighter touch regulation with environmental protection.

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