FARMER PARTICIPATION IN COMMON BEAN GENOTYPE EVALUATION: THE CASE OF EASTERN ETHIOPIA

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. MEKBIB
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Common Bean Genotype ◽  
Genotype Evaluation ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Yield Trials ◽  
Selection Of

Advanced genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were tested on-station and on-farm to evaluate their performance and acceptability under farmers' circumstances. Farmers were given seed of the genotypes to plant a minimum area of 100 m2 to be grown as a sole crop or intercropped with sorghum according to their preference. Yield, seed colour, taste, maturity time, disease reaction, growth habit and many other bean characteristics were assessed by farmers. The promising genotypes were higher yielding than the farmers' genotypes in most testing sites. Pairwise ranking of the genotypes showed that in export-oriented western Hararghe, white pea bean (navy bean) type Awash-1 and food bean G-2816 were preferred. In eastern Hararghe GLP ×92 and G-2816 were highly preferred but white pea beans were not preferred. Genotypes in advanced observation nurseries were also evaluated by the farmers and some of the genotypes have been promoted for further testing in yield trials. Selection criteria have been proposed by the farmers in each region. Future breeding and selection of genotypes will incorporate the proposed selection criteria and priorities of the two regions.

scholarly journals Generation of a Mutant Population for TILLING Common Bean Genotype BAT 93

2009 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Porch ◽  
Matthew W. Blair ◽  
Patricia Lariguet ◽  
Carlos Galeano ◽  
Clive E. Pankhurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mutant Population ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Treated Seed ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Common Bean Genotype ◽  
The Common ◽  
Phenotypic Mutation

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is the major food legume worldwide, making it an important target for novel approaches of genetic analysis. This study evaluated the use of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) for the generation of a mutant population for targeted induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) in common bean. TILLING is a powerful reverse genetics approach that uses a large mutant population for identification of mutants in loci of interest. Based on overall survival, development, and yield of treated seed, 40 mm EMS was found to be an appropriate concentration for the generation of a mutant population in common bean genotype BAT 93. Higher concentrations of EMS resulted in survival rates of less than 10% and lower concentrations resulted in the generation of fewer mutants. Based on TILLING results from other species, a population of 5000 lines is estimated to be sufficient for saturation of the common bean genome. Phenotypic mutation frequencies and the isolation of targeted mutations in the BAT 93 mutant population indicate that mutagenesis was effective.

PARTICIPATORY VARIETAL SELECTION IN LOWLAND SORGHUM IN EASTERN ETHIOPIA: IMPACT ON ADOPTION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. MULATU ◽  
K. BELETE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Seed System ◽  
Locally Grown ◽  
On Farm

Farmers' Participatory Varietal Evaluation (PVE) was conducted on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) crops in the Kile-Bisidimo plains of eastern Ethiopia for three consecutive years, 1995–1997. The study aimed at providing farmers with alternatives to their landrace to enable them to overcome crop losses and to identify farmers' varietal selection criteria for inclusion in future breeding work. In 1995 constraints and opportunities in sorghum growing and farmers' varietal matching characteristics were identified through an informal survey. This was followed by a search for varieties and acquisitions of seed. Subsequently, eight varieties were evaluated of which five varieties were released and three were at the pre-release stage.In 1996 and 1997 farmer-managed on-farm trials were conducted and farmers evaluated the performance of the experimental varieties against a locally grown cultivar. Through pairwise and matrix ranking, farmers' selection criteria were listed, preferred varieties identified and initiatives taken to diffuse the varieties through the local seed system. Out of the eight varieties that research workers considered the best, farmers selected only three. The study negated the generally accepted view that farmers in lowland areas of eastern Ethiopia are reluctant to grow short-duration varieties. The selection and introduction of three new varieties into a farming system where farmers were growing only one local variety reconfirmed PVE to be a means for enhancing adoption and increasing genetic diversity. The study also confirmed that increasing farmers' access to their preferred varieties would result in a faster rate of diffusion through farmer-to-farmer seed exchange.

scholarly journals Asymmetrical leaves induced by water deficit show asymmetric photosynthesis in common bean

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Maia Souza ◽  
Juliana de Oliveira Fernandes Viana ◽  
Ricardo Ferraz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Developmental Instability ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Symmetric Plane ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Common Bean Genotype ◽  
Asymmetric Growth ◽  
Effects Of Drought

In this study we tested the hypothesis that leaf asymmetric growth induced by water deficit in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) might be correlated with different net photosynthesis rates between the two opposed leaflets (right and left) considering a bilateral symmetric plane. In order to induce developmental instability, the drought-sensitive common bean genotype "Jalo Precoce" was subjected to periods of suspended irrigation during its vegetative growth. Developmental instability was evaluated by measurements of leaflets asymmetry, and the effects of drought on gas exchanges were taken in both symmetrical leaflets (right and left) in relation to the central leaflet. Water deficit induced an increase of 80 % in leaf asymmetry. Net photosynthesis of P. vulgaris was affected by water deficit in two ways, reducing its physiological yield and increasing its variability between leaflets. Thus, as we hypothesized, the increase in developmental instability, measured by leaf symmetry deviations, was supported by a variable net photosynthesis distribution in the leaves induced by drought.

scholarly journals Participatory variety selection of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in the major bean producing areas of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1055-1063
Author(s):  
Shiferaw G. Tigist ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Julia Sibiya ◽  
Beyene Amelework ◽  
Gemechu Keneni
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Participatory Variety Selection ◽  
Selection Of

This study was conducted to identify suitable parental genotypes for breeding for resistance to bruchid and to identify the farmers’ preferred traits in common bean. For this study, 144 diverse common bean genotypes were planted in an alpha lattice design, with 3 replications at 3 locations. Participatory variety selection was done using 20 farmers at each location. Farmers identified a number of criteria for selecting suitable varieties. Yield and yield-related traits were ranked as the most important selection criteria by all farmers at all locations. However, women ranked culinary traits as the top criteria, while men were more interested in marketable traits. From the 144 genotypes, farmers selected the 10 best genotypes in all the locations. The majority of the genotypes selected at Melkassa and Alemetena were small white-seeded released varieties and breeding lines. However, all the genotypes selected at Arsi Negele were predominantly landraces of small red-seeded beans. Traits such as earliness and resistance to storage insect were important in Melkassa and Alme tena but received less attention in Arsi Negele. The integration of the farmers’ selection preferences with the breeders’ criteria can improve the efficiency of plant breeding by developing crop varieties that better fit the specific needs of the farmers.

scholarly journals What drives the acquisition behavior of agroholdings? Performance analysis of agricultural acquisition targets in Northwest Russia and Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Igor Ostapchuk ◽  
Taras Gagalyuk ◽  
David Epshtein ◽  
Abusupyan Dibirov
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

This article provides pioneering empirical evidence on the selection of acquisition targets by agroholdings in transition economies. We use panel data from Ukraine and Northwest Russia covering the years 2005-2016. Binomial logistic regression models were estimated to analyze the impacts of farm capital strength, financial performance and size on the farm’s likelihood of being acquired by an agroholding. Our results indicate that agroholding target selection considerations tend to change over time and have shifted from farm size to farm performance in both countries. However, agroholdings in both countries prefer to ‘grab lemons’, i.e. acquire poorly performing farms, but they differ with respect to target selection criteria. Agroholdings in Northwest Russia tend to focus on farm profitability, while their Ukrainian counterparts emphasize the capital structure of the target farms.

scholarly journals On-Farm Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Varieties in East Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sate Sahle ◽  
Tamado Tana ◽  
Nigussie Dechassa ◽  
Habtamu Zeleke
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
On Farm

Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of food and income. However, its on-farm diversity and conservation by smallholder farmers is not known in the east Hararghe Zone of eastern Ethiopia. Thus, field survey was conducted from November 2018 to February 2019 to assess the on-farm diversity, cropping system and the role of gender in production and management of common bean varieties. Common bean producing districts were selected purposively whereas sub-districts (kebeles) were selected randomly. Three kebeles from each of the two major agro-ecological zones, two key informants and twelve general informants from each kebele were selected to constitute a total of 84 informants. The selection of general informants was stratified based on gender and wealth status. Structured interview guide was used to interview general informants whereas semi-structured interview guide was used to interview key informants. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted in R (version 3.5.2). Seven farmers’ varieties of common bean were identified of and their diversity was higher in tepid, moist mid highlands (M3) whereas cropped area (ha) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in tepid sub-humid highlands (SH3) agro-ecology. Most activities of common bean were undertaken by male adults. Insect pests were the prominent constraints of common bean production. Farmers’ varieties were used as food and feed, and soil fertility management. Therefore, their on-farm and ex situ conservation, maintenance of endangered varieties, and shortage of cropping land due to chat plantation need special concern to promote their cultivation.

scholarly journals Distinction between a transgenic and a conventional common bean genotype by 1H HR-MAS NMR

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 2841-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Choze ◽  
Glaucia B. Alcantara ◽  
Elenilson de G. Alves Filho ◽  
Lorena Mara A. e Silva ◽  
Josias C. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mas Nmr ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Common Bean Genotype

Selection of one-dimensional sedimentation: models for on-line use

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Grijspeerdt ◽  
Peter Vanrolleghem ◽  
Willy Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dynamic Concentration ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Modelling Task

A comparative study of several recently proposed one-dimensional sedimentation models has been made. This has been achieved by fitting these models to steady-state and dynamic concentration profiles obtained in a down-scaled secondary decanter. The models were evaluated with several a posteriori model selection criteria. Since the purpose of the modelling task is to do on-line simulations, the calculation time was used as one of the selection criteria. Finally, the practical identifiability of the models for the available data sets was also investigated. It could be concluded that the model of Takács et al. (1991) gave the most reliable results.

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