V.—The Connection of the Glacial Period with Oscillation of the Land, especially in Scandinavia
[In a recently published paper Dr. N. O. Holst, of the Geological Survey of Sweden, has given a detailed description of the Post-Glacial deposits of the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia. The paper is accompanied by a map showing the chief points of observation. The determination of the different horizons depends on (1) the stratigraphy; (2) the sub-fossil diatomaceous flora; (3) the sub-fossil higher flora. The stratigraphical evidence is in the form of numerous sections, taken all along the coast. The diatoms are used chiefly, but not solely, to distinguish the marine from the fresh-water deposits; their determinations, nearly 3,000 in number, are due to Professor P. T. Cleve and his daughter, Dr. Astrid Cleve. The remains of the higher plants have been determined by Dr. Gunnar Andersson.