Friendly Societies and the Actuary.

1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
R. C. B. Lane
Keyword(s):  
General Meeting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Good Sense ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Friendly Societies ◽  
The Government

On being asked to prepare something on Friendly Societies for the Students' Society it seemed reasonable to attempt two things—one, to put them more into perspective in modern conditions, the other, to see what they might be able to teach the actuary professionally. The following notes are the result: it is hoped that, besides forming a useful basis for the discussion, they will themselves have something worth while to contribute to the subject.Perhaps the most important characteristic of a Friendly Society is its registration under the Friendly Societies Acts (the relatively rare occurrence of an unregistered society is ignored); the restrictions of these acts have therefore to be accepted for the sake of their advantages. The constitution is a book of rules and the government is in the hands of the trustees—in whose names the assets are registered—and a committee appointed by the members at a general meeting. The rules cover all such matters as objects, eligibility, benefits, contributions, duties of officers, changes of rules, of name, nominations, dissolutions, investments and so on as required by good sense and the Acts.

Explorer without a country: the question of Vilhjalmur Stefansson's citizenship

Polar Record ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Janice Cavell ◽  
Jeff Noakes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dual Citizenship ◽  
American Citizen ◽  
American Citizenship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACTConfusion has long existed on the subject of Vilhjalmur Stefansson's citizenship. A Canadian (that is, a British subject) by birth, Stefansson was brought up and educated in the United States. When his father became an American citizen in 1887, according to the laws of the time Stefansson too became an American. Dual citizenship was not then permitted by either the British or the American laws. Therefore, Stefansson was no longer a British subject. After he took command of the government sponsored Canadian Arctic Expedition in 1913, Stefansson was careful to give the impression that his status had never changed. Although Stefansson swore an oath of allegiance to King George V in May 1913, he did not take the other steps that would have been required to restore him to being Canadian. But, by an American act passed in 1907, this oath meant the loss of Stefansson's American citizenship. In the 1930s American officials informed Stefansson that he must apply for naturalisation in order to regain it. From 1913 until he received his American citizenship papers in 1937, Stefansson was a man without a country.

Mary Warnock

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
Philip Graham
Keyword(s):  
Working Life ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Philosopher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

Plato's view that we should be ruled by philosophers has never really caught on in Britain. Indeed, in recent years, political attitudes to the study of philosophy have resulted in the closure of departments of philosophy in our universities, so that the subject is less studied at undergraduate level than it was 20 or 30 years ago. So it is surprising that the way our generation thinks about education, genetic experimentation, broadcasting, and some of the other most contentious issues of our time should have been so influenced by a professional philosopher whose working life has never taken her out of Oxford and Cambridge.Mary Warnock has served as chairman of government committees on special education, on animal experimentation, on human fertilisation, and on teaching quality. Further, the recommendations of the committees she has chaired have usually been rapidly adopted by the government of the time and then translated into legislation with bipartisan support and considerable speed. The fate of her reports firmly refutes the commonly held view that governments set up committees to avoid making difficult decisions and then leave their weighty conclusions to sit on shelves, gathering dust until the topics in question have lost the interest of the public.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Program Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) dan Musyawarah Kelompok Kerja Kepala Sekolah (MKKKS) terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Agus Santoso ◽  
Andi Achmad ◽  
Muhammad Ibnusyam Wardana
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Field Research ◽  
School Principal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
New Information ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

Apathy about teacher performance in schools is one reality. The fact of the tendency of doubt about the performance of the teacher could have been caused by the absence of the development of knowledge and skills related to the four teacher competencies. On the other hand, there is still a problem regarding the lack of systematic management of school performance programs that are not managed systematically and are not in accordance with the education calendar that has been formulated and established so that in daily implementation the school is always changing, disrupting the learning process that has been determined. To overcome these obstacles a place for teachers and principals is needed that aims to gather various new information and experiences in the industrial era 4.0. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Subject Teachers' Consultation and School Principal Working Groups simultaneously on Improving Teacher Performance in Kutai Kartanegara District. This type of research is a field research with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire and documentation. Data validity test uses validity test, normality test and classic assumption test. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression test. Based on the results of the study note that there is no simultaneous effect between the Subject Teachers' Deliberation Program and the Principal Working Group Conference on Improving Teacher Performance in Kutai Kartanegara District. The absence of this influence is due to the the Subject Teachers' Deliberation Program and School Principal Working Groups in Kutai Kartanegara Regency which are considered not working properly according to the planned program. Whereas on the other hand it is considered a lack of support from stakeholders in the area, in this case the government which oversees the Subject Teachers' Deliberation Program and School Principal Working Groups. So based on data between the Subject Teachers' Deliberation Program and School Principal Working Groups, they have not synergized well.

scholarly journals An offer they can't refuse: the imposition of final offer arbitration in the New Zealand state sector

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Roper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Press Statement ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Compulsory Arbitration ◽  
Final Offer ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

On 10 March 1988, three :months to the day after the introduction of the State Sector Bill, the Government announced a nun1ber of changes to the Bill, arnongst which was the following: A provision will be included in the law that will allow the negotiating parties to a particular document to agree to a compulsory arbitration arrange1nent in return for a "no-strike" commitment from the union. The type of arbitration available will be "final offer" arbitration where the Arbitration Commission must choose between the whole position put forward by one party or the other and cannot go "down the middle" (Goverrunent Press Statement, March 10, 1988). Final offer arbitration (FOA) is a new concept for the New Zealand industrial relations system. It was not canvassed in the Buff Paper. Its potential application in this country has certainly not been the subject of debate amongst industrial relations practitioners. This is typical of the way in which this Bill was processed from its introduction. It bodes ill for the future of such an alien elernent in state sector bargaining.

scholarly journals Ambiguity of boundaries of tax optimization: the problem of the Russian tax system

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Igor' Viktorovich Vachugov ◽  
Oleg Nikolaevich Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Disadvantaged Population ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

The subject of this research is the boundaries of tax optimization of the Russian tax system. The goal is to outline the reasons and method of for removing ambiguity of such boundaries. The consequences of ambiguity of boundaries of tax optimization not only limit the development of businesses, but also entail the disproportions of social development, contradictions between the government on the one hand and the middle class and disadvantaged population groups that participate in the financial and economic relations on the other hand, and thus, undermine confidence in the government. The reasons for such negative phenomenon are as follows: the absence of the unity of opinions on the concept of tax optimization; unregulated division of rights to establish the boundaries of tax optimization by the judicial, legislative and executive branches; vagueness of the terms and definitions characterizing these boundaries; no set rules for establishing the consequences of exceeding these criteria. It is revealed that the new doctrine in the form of a judicial-legal symbiosis of determining the boundaries of tax optimization did not resolve all issues associated with ambiguity of these boundaries. The author’s special contribution lies in substantiation of the shift in conceptual approaches towards the term “tax optimization”, which should exclude the use of this term circumventing the law. The article describes the advantages of legislative regulation of the criteria of tax optimization over judicial regulation. The author specifies the terms and definitions necessary for marking out boundaries of tax optimization on the legislative level. The novelty of this research consists in substantiation using the factor analysis of judicial tax disputes of legislative consolidation of the concept of tax reconstruction with regards to corporate income tax in accordance with the methodology recommended by the tax service, with extension of its application in case of cooperation of the evader with the auditor for preventing tax offences

Requisitioned Transport in the Roman Empire: A New Inscription from Pisidia

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 106-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Roman History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
Transport Form ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Recurrent Theme

To appreciate the importance which the Romans attached to transport and communications we need surely look no further than the roads which they built. To the modern observer this gigantic network of highways, which was not to be equalled or surpassed before the present century, is one of the most telling symbols of the control which Rome exercised throughout her empire, and of the organization which was imposed on it. The traffic which they carried has attracted less attention, but is clearly no less worthy of consideration. The roads of the empire had been designed and built to suit the state's needs, above all those of its armies, and one would reasonably expect the government to have devoted as much care and attention to the means by which goods and personnel were transported along them as it had to building them in the first place. Even if the sources were silent, and they are not, we could readily assume that post horses and carriages, pack and draft animals, and all the other paraphernalia of a state transport system would be needed at all times both for the use of civilian and military officials, and for the carriage of supplies and provisions. Under the empire the burden of providing this transport fell largely on the subject communities of Italy and the provinces, and the complaints of these communities against the unauthorized seizure of men, animals, waggons, hospitality in billets and other facilities for state transport form a recurrent theme in Roman history. Although authors of the republican period frequently refer to such requisitions, our information for the system by which this transport was provided and organized comes largely from a long series of imperial documents, beginning in the reign of Tiberius and culminating in a group of rescripts from the emperors of the fourth and early fifth centuries collected in book vm of the Theodosian Code.

Conference on Integration of Customary and Modern Legal Systems

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-439
Author(s):  
J. S. Read
Keyword(s):  
General Meeting ◽  
Annual General ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Annual General Meeting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University

This conference, under the direction of Dr A. N. Allott of the University of London, was an outstanding success and marked a real development in the consideration of the subject. About half the participants, who numbered just under 40, were from universities in Africa, U.S.A., and Europe; the others were mainly from the government or the judiciary of various African countries. The annual general meeting of the International African Law Association also took place during the week.

Some Considerations on the Government Life Annuities and Life Assurances Bill

1864 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus N. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Select Committee ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Assurance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Friendly Societies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Life Annuities

The measure by which the Chancellor of the Exchequer proposes to extend the benefits of life assurance and annuities to the nation at large has now been before the public some time. Few Bills have of late attracted so much attention, and have been so earnestly discussed by all classes, as this. But beyond what was elicited at an interview that took place between the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Actuaries of several Offices, and some passing remarks on the subject made at the last meeting of the Institute of Actuaries, when we had the advantage of hearing Mr. Samuel Brown's excellent paper on Friendly Societies, the public have as yet had no opportunity of hearing the opinions of those, who after all are best able to judge. It now appears, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer is opposed to a general inquiry and the calling for “persons, papers and records” by the Select Committee, to whom the Bill has been referred, and it therefore becomes all the more desirable that the merits of the proposition of the Chancellor should be calmly and impartially discussed by the members of this Institute.

scholarly journals Religious Symbolism and Democracy Encountered: A Case of Prostitution Bylaw of Bantul

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Muhammad Latif Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Religious Symbolism ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The One

This paper addresses the bylaw on prostitution issued by the Bantul authority in May 2007. It specifically examines the relation between the involvement of religious symbolism, the call for public participation and political interests in the legislation process. The paper argues that, on the one hand, the law relates prostitution to issues of immorality, social illness, and the degradation of women due to economic discrimination or sexual exploitation. The subject of prostitution has been extended, covering not only sex workers and pimps, but everyone committing indecent acts, such as showing a ‘sexy’ performance. On the other hand, this regulation is considered to be ambiguous in determining the standard of public morality and, therefore, puts women in a marginalised position. That the implementation of this law contributes to institutionalising the criminalisation against women is another fact which is believed to diminish the meaning of democracy. The government is blamed as taking too much care with procedural democracy but giving less attention to education and employment opportunities.[Artikel merupakan hasil studi peraturan daerah tentang larangan pelacuran yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul pada Mei 2007. Studi ini menguji keterkaitan antara simbol-simbol keagamaan, partisipasi publik, dan kepentingan politik yang muncul dan menyertai proses legislasi. Penulis berpendapat bahwa pada satu sisi, dalam peraturan tersebut, pelacuran dikaitkan dengan perusakan terhadap nilai agama dan sosial serta penurunan martabat perempuan, terlepas akibat diskriminasi ekonomi atau eksploitasi seksual. Subjek pelacuran ternyata juga diperluas, tidak hanya pekerja seks dan mucikari, tetapi setiap orang yang melakukan perbuatan cabul, seperti berpenampilan seksi. Pada sisi yang lain, ukuran moralitas publik dalam peraturan ini dianggap kurang jelas dan menempatkan perempuan pada posisi yang terpinggirkan. Bahwa penerapan peraturan berimplikasi pada kriminalisasi terhadap perempuan merupakan bukti lain yang dinilai bertentangan dengan substansi demokrasi. Pemerintah dinilai terlalu perhatian pada demokrasi prosedural, tetapi mengabaikan masalah pendidikan dan kesempatan kerja.]

scholarly journals Leigos e leigas: sujeitos eclesiais? Reflexões sobre o Caderno 107

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (297) ◽  
pp. 131-152
Author(s):  
Carlos Francisco Signorelli
Keyword(s):  
General Meeting ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Council ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Síntese: Desde a década de 90, o Conselho Nacional do Laicato do Brasil (CNLB) buscou incluir o conceito de sujeito eclesial para os leigos e as leigas nas publicações da CNBB. Finalmente, depois de pedido do CNLB e da Comissão Episcopal para o Laicato, a Conferência Episcopal aceitou incluir o assunto num Caderno de Estudos, depois de tê-lo analisado na Assembleia Geral Ordinária de 1914. Este caderno está sendo motivo de reflexões por toda a Igreja no Brasil e deverá voltar à AGO para a possibilidade de ser transformado em documento. Neste texto, com o objetivo de contribuir para tais estudos, procuramos refletir o conceito de sujeito eclesial, na autonomia e corresponsabilidade, a partir do pensamento filosófico, procurando mostrar que os conceitos de sujeito e autonomia estão na base do pensamento que originou o paradigma civilizacional que denominamos Modernidade. Por outro lado, procuramos mostrar que a instituição eclesial, moldada a um mundo rural aristocrático-feudal, deve repensar-se para o mundo urbano, num mundo de sujeitos que primam pela sua autonomia.Palavras-chave: Leigos. Sujeito. Autonomia. Corresponsabilidade.Abstract: Since the 90s, the National Council of the Laity of Brazil (CNLB) sought to include the concept of ecclesial subject to the laic men and women in the publications of the CNBB. Finally, after solicitation of CNLB and the Episcopal Commission for the Laity, the Episcopal Conference accepted to include the subject in Study Notebook, after having it analyzed the Ordinary General Meeting de 1914. This notebook is being cause for reflection throughout the Church in Brazil and should return to the OGM for the possibility of turning it into the document. In this paper, in order to contribute to such studies, we try to reflect the concept of ecclesial subject, autonomy and responsibility, from the philosophical thought, trying to show that the concepts of subject and autonomy underlying the thinking that led to the civilizational paradigm we call modernity. On the other hand, sought to show that the ecclesial institution, molded an aristocratic-feudal countryside, must rethink to the urban world, a world of subjects that strive for autonomy.Keywords: Laity. Subject. Autonomy. Co-responsibility.

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