The Prospects for Scientific and Technological Development in Saudi Arabia

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-372
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Szyliowicz
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
New World ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World History ◽  
Rare Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Today we are witnessing a very rare phenomenon in world history: a state suddenly deluged with an apparently inexhaustible amount of wealth as occurred in sixteenth-century Spain and Portugal when the riches of the New World flowed to the Iberian peninsula. Now the ‘black gold’ under the sands of the Arabian desert has provided one of the most underpopulated and under developed regions of the world with an equivalent bonanza. The new wealth of Spain helped to ruin that country. What will be the fate of Saudi Arabia and its small neighbors?

scholarly journals Latin America in Global History: An Historiographic Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (60) ◽  
pp. 253-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Olstein
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
World History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Global History ◽  
The World ◽  
Last Ice Age ◽  
Great Divergence

Abstract World history can be arranged into three major regional divergences: the 'Greatest Divergence' starting at the end of the last Ice Age (ca. 15,000 years ago) and isolating the Old and the New Worlds from one another till 1500; the 'Great Divergence' bifurcating the paths of Europe and Afro-Asia since 1500; and the 'American Divergence' which divided the fortunes of New World societies from 1500 onwards. Accordingly, all world regions have confronted two divergences: one disassociating the fates of the Old and New Worlds, and the other within either the Old or the New World. Latin America is in the uneasy position that in both divergences it ended up on the 'losing side.' As a result, a contentious historiography of Latin America evolved from the very moment that it was incorporated into the wider world. Three basic attitudes toward the place of Latin America in global history have since emerged and developed: admiration for the major impact that the emergence on Latin America on the world scene imprinted on global history; hostility and disdain over Latin America since it entered the world scene; direct rejection of and head on confrontation in reaction the former. This paper examines each of these three attitudes in five periods: the 'long sixteenth century' (1492-1650); the 'age of crisis' (1650-1780); 'the long nineteenth century' (1780-1914); 'the short twentieth century' (1914-1991); and 'contemporary globalization' (1991 onwards).

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR OF ACCELERATING ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
E.B. LENCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with the modern processes of changing the technological basis of the world economy on the basis of large-scale transition to the use of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, shaping new markets and opens up prospects for sustainable economic growth. It is in the scientific and technological sphere that the competition between countries is shifting. Russia remains nearly invisible player in this field. The author tried to consider the main reasons for such a lag and identify a set of measures of state scientific and technological policy that can give the necessary impetus to the scientific and technological development of Russia.

scholarly journals Scientific and technological basis of the new world order

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Victorovich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The problems of transition to a new world order are investigated. The post-industrial and post-capitalist scenarios of development are considered. It is shown that scientific and technological development is the basis of global transformations. The laws of scientific and technological development are outlined

scholarly journals Princess Olga and the Byzantine Emperor: Evolution of the Storyline in Russian Historical Tradition of the Sixteenth Century

Slovene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-493
Author(s):  
Boris Floria
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
World History ◽  
Traditional Account ◽  
The World ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Historical Tradition

The article explores the evolution of the traditional account about the 10th –century events under the influence of new ideas about the role of Rus′/Russia in the world history.

scholarly journals Leadership and Management in Science and Technology: Competency Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
O. V. Vorobyeva ◽  
E. M. Ivannikova ◽  
V. V. Malandin ◽  
D. S. Sekirinsky ◽  
E. V. Karavaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Technology Competency ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with scientific and methodological substantiation and description of the competency model of a modern leader and manager in scientific and technological sphere. This model has been developed by the authors on the initiative of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in Scientific and Educational Spheres of the Presidential Council for Science and Education in the framework of the managers’ contest “Leaders of Russia” (specialization “Science”, season 2019– 2020). The competency model is aimed at improving the efficiency of solving the problems of scientific and technological development of Russia by overcoming the lack of personnel which is ready not only to conduct research at the world level, but also to take responsibility for the formation of priorities for scientific and technological development that meet the interests of Russia, as well as for their implementation. The proposed model is the first of its kind developed and tested system of competencies for improving leadership and management potential of Russian science.

scholarly journals Russia in the Global Process of Scientific and Technological Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
E. B. Lenchuk
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article investigates new global trends in scientific and technological development and their impact on sustainable socio-economic  development of individual countries and the world as a whole. The author shows the importance of implementing emerging technologies that open up new opportunities for the global economic growth by changing its technological basis, giving a competitive advantage to those countries that are leading this change. The article analyses which new approaches to science and technology policy are being adopted in developed and developing countries to maintain high positions in the R&D and emerging technology, and to conquer new markets. Furthermore, the author reveals the risks associated with a serious gap between Russia and the leading countries, which is unlikely to be bridged with the existing raw material export-based development model. Analyzing the state of scientific andtechnological development, advance in the field of new technologies, as well as implemented strategies and programs in this area, the author identifies key areas for improving scientific and technological state policies, which will allow the country to intensify R&D and innovation in this area, strengthen its position in the global hightech markets and create prerequisites for increasing Russia’s competitive advantages in the global technology scene.

Caliban the Bestial Man

PMLA ◽  
1947 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-801
Author(s):  
John E. Hankins
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Tempest ◽  
The World ◽  
Century Thought

The character of Caliban continues to be a source of speculation to readers of The Tempest, but gradually we are learning those elements of sixteenth-century thought which suggested him to Shakespeare. Some years ago Mr. Morton Luce pointed out that Caliban can be viewed in three separate ways: 1) as a hag-born monstrosity, 2) as a slave, and 3) as a savage, or dispossessed Indian. The second of these ways may be explained by the third, since the English could read many accounts of the manner in which the Spaniards had reduced the Indians to slavery. But, while Caliban worships a Patagonian god, he is the child of an African witch from Argier (Algiers). This would seem to indicate that Shakespeare is not trying to represent primarily a red Indian from the New World but has broadened the conception to represent primitive man as a type. The name Caliban, a metathesis of canibal, supports this view, for contemporary voyagers, as well as early travelers from Homer and Herodotus to Mandeville, had found cannibals in many different quarters of the world.

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1465-1476
Author(s):  
K.N. Andrianov ◽  
◽  
Y.V. Popkov ◽  
A.K. Markov ◽  
E.E. Mozhaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Management ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In this article, the authors analyze the experience of strategic planning for the scientific and technological development of the PRC. It is concluded that: largely due to effective strategic planning, over the past 15 years, the PRC has multiplied its economic potential and has become one of the most powerful countries in the world. The achievements of the PRC in the development of advanced technologies are especially impressive. The PRC has managed to create from scratch high-tech export-oriented sectors of the economy that are competitive in the world market. The characteristic features of the Chinese scientific and technological development management system are revealed: a clear definition of priority areas of scientific and technological development, concentrating efforts on a limited number of areas of science and technology development that are important for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy; planning manages scientific and technological development, the main one envisaging environmental achievement of long-term and moment of short-term goals, development and certain implementation of such long-term integrated marine programs, software R&D and innovative development; government stimulation of effective cooperation between science, education and business in ensuring the entire innovation cycle - from fundamental research to the introduction of developments in production, for the development of high-tech sectors; the use of a significant part of export earnings for the acquisition of modern equipment technologies; strict regulation of foreign investments in order to direct them to the sectors of new and high technologies; a harmonious combination of planning and market management methods in the development of small innovative business. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the main elements of the state scientific and technological policy of the PRC. In addition, the authors conduct a detailed analysis of the main documents of the strategic planning of the PRC in the field of innovative development.

scholarly journals Estimation of the place of Russia in the world by specific weight in the number of applications for patents

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
F. A. Kurakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Patent Activity ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Target Indicator ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

One of the goals of the national project “Science” is to ensure the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world, carrying out research and development in areas defined by the priorities of scientific and technological development. To monitor the achievement of this goal, an indicator was proposed “the place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of applications for obtaining a patent for an invention filed in the world by areas determined by the priorities of scientific and technological development”. The analysis of risks and barriers to achieving this target indicator, as well as the identification of problems associated with the increase in patent activity in the domestic sector of knowledge generation, was performed. As the main risk of not achieving the target, low patent activity of domestic industrial companies is named, which is not economically feasible to compensate for by high patent activity of universities.

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