Food and Agriculture Organization

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Director General ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

In a general introduction to a survey of agricultural development in Latin America published recently by the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Director-General (Dodd) stressed the importance of the problem for the future development of the region. He pointed out that if the current rate of population increase continued, the population of the region would increase by 25 percent in the next ten years; in order to maintain even present standards of food consumption, therefore, agricultural output would have to be increased. Infact, he continued, per capita consumption had been rising, largely through decreased exports of food and increased imports of food; the implications of this policy were, however, undesirable in terms of the region's long-range development. Mr. Dodd emphasized that Latin America depended almost solely on the export of raw materials, largely agricultural products, for earning foreign exchange; a reduction in its earnings of foreign exchange resulting from fewer exports, coupled with the expenditure of a larger proportion of available foreign exchange for food imports, he pointed out, would delay general economic development which required large imports of industrial material. In order, therefore, to maintain the rate of economic development and at the same time to improve levels of food consumption, it was extremely important to increase greatly food and agricultural production.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Director General ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cooperative Program ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Rural Services ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Degree Of Participation

A report containing 57 proposals for expanded activities in technical assistance for economic development was transmitted by Director General N. E. Dodd to member governments of the Food and Agriculture Organization. The report contained portions of the general cooperative program agreed upon by the executive heads of the United Nations and the specialized agencies which referred particularly to work in FAO's field. The projects did not constitute an inclusive list but were rather a series of concrete examples of fields of activities in which technical assistance was needed for economic development. The projects were considered as part of an expanded program of general economic development and were to be closely related to the present program of work, but because the regular working program included little continuing assistance to governments in particular problems, the supplementary projects were to concentrate on that kind of aid. FAO proposed work in the fields of agriculture, fisheries, forestry, rural services and economic and statistical services. The proposals totaled in cost about $9.5 million for the first year and about $11.5 million for the second year, while actual programs and cost would depend on the degree of participation by beneficiary governments, who would be expected to bear a considerable part of the total cost.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1953 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Director General ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Technical People ◽  
Working Out

In his report on the work of the Food and Agriculture Organization in 1951–1952, the Director-General (Dodd) stated that one of the striking developments of the year ending in mid-1952 was the intensified interest in the food and population problem. He believed that during the past year FAO had made more progress in its work than in the previous five years of its existence, adding that this was mainly because nations were “moving ahead more rapidly in the program of technical assistance for economic development.” One of the ways by which FAO was trying to help meet the shortage of competent technical people in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and related fields, which he described as one of the biggest obstacles to economic development in countries where it was most needed, was through regional training and demonstration courses in which governments and organizations cooperated with FAO. Other principal “forward steps” in the work of the organization in 1951–1952 were: 1) increasing international cooperation in the form of regional action programs; 2) more attention was being paid by many governments to working out specific goals and programs for increasing production; 3) a movement to remedy un-satisfactory land tenure conditions was getting under way; 4) proposals for establishing international reserves to relieve acute food shortages and famine were under consideration; 5) expansion in the number of development projects in individual countries; and 6) continuance and improvement of basic technical services useful on a worldwide scale.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1956 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-630
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Director General ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World

The Acting Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Herbert Broadley, stated in his forward to the annual report for 1956 that the world food and agricultural situation had in recent years tended to change less rapidly than it had during the years of postwar recovery. It had therefore been decided to modify the form of the annual report, giving less emphasis to the current situation and short-term outlook and more to longer-term problems and to other special subjects. In reviewing the world situation and outlook, the report stated that during 1955/56 world production had continued to increase, reaching a level some 3 percent higher than in 1954/55. Increases had been greatest in North America and Oceania, the regions already most troubled by surpluses, but apart from a substantial gain in the Far East, production in the other regions had shown little change and in some cases had declined. Demand for agricultural products had been stimulated throughout the world during the period under review by the boom in industrialized countries; broadly speaking, there had been a tendency towards decreased prices for agricultural raw materials and some strengthening in the prices of foodstuffs. An increase of about 5 percent in the volume of world trade and agricultural commodities had occurred during 1955, with more than half of the increase due to larger western European imports. World trade in agricultural products was still, however, only 5 percent above the 1934–1938 level, in contrast to a rise of 70 percent in the volume of world trade as a whole. The total addition to stocks by the end of 1955/56 appeared to have been fairly modest, the report stated.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Keyword(s):  
Wholesale Price ◽  
World Market ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Director General ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
20Th Session

CouncilThe 20th session of the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization was held in Rome from September 27 through October 8, 1954, under the chairmanship of Mr. G. Ugo Papi (Italy). The Council considered various aspects of the world food situation and heard an oral report by the Director-General (Cardon) on the 1953–1954 crop year and prospects for 1954–1955. Mr. Cardon reported that, while agricultural production in the world as a whole had increased at a pace faster than the rate of population increase, the increase had been uneven, both in terms of geographical distribution and in terms of crops and commodities produced. The situation had now been reached, Mr. Cardon observed, where the need to expand agriculture existed in one part of the world while serious surpluses existed elsewhere. Another disturbing feature, Mr. Cardon noted, was that the somewhat eased problem of surpluses of some commodities had resulted from decreased production rather than increased consumption. The over-all stability of the price of agricultural products had been a striking feature of the past year, Mr. Cardon added, resulting mainly from the fact that the main surplus stocks were under government control and had not been unloaded in an uncoordinated way on the world market. One serious problem which Mr. Cardon pointed out was that, while the wholesale price had followed the international price closely, retail prices had been rigid. Mr. Cardon emphasized that in order for the benefits of programs for agricultural efficiency to be realized, marketing and processing would also have to be rationalized.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-432
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Sixth Session

The sixth session of the Food and Agriculture Organization Conference, held from November 19 to December 7, 1951 in Rome,1 elected Amintore Fanfani (Italy) chairman and reappointed Norris E. Dodd Director-General for an additional two-year period. On November 21, 1951 the conference voted to admit to FAO Argentina by 53 votes to 0, Japan by 47 votes to 0, Nepal by 49 votes to 1, and Laos by 44 votes to 2.

Agricultural waste as a source of innovative and compostable composite biopolymers for food packaging: a scientific review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ronzano ◽  
Roberta Stefanini ◽  
Giulia Borghesi ◽  
Giuseppe Vignali
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
Materials Used

"The recovery of agriculture waste is one of the challenges of 2030 Agenda. Food and Agriculture Organization states that 30 % of the world’s agricultural land is used to produce food that is later lost or wasted, and the global carbon footprint corresponds to 7% of total greenhouse gases emissions. Alternatively, natural fibers contained in food and agricultural waste could be a valuable feedstock to reinforce composite biopolymers contributing to increase mechanical properties. In addition, the use of biopolymers matrix could contribute significantly to reduce the environmental footprint of the biobased compounds. Based on these premises, a regional project in Emilia-Romagna, aims to enhance agricultural waste to produce food packaging materials which in turn would contribute to the reduction of green raw materials used. This article reviews the state of art of composite biopolymers added with fillers extracted by food and agricultural waste, analyzing the literature published on scientific databases such as Scopus. The characteristics, advantages and drawbacks of each innovative sustainable material will be studied, trying to compare their various properties. The results of the work could guide companies in the choice of eco-sustainable packaging and lay the foundations for the development of the mentioned regional project."

Food and Agriculture Organization

1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-352
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Director General ◽  
Special Session ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

A special session of the FAO Conference was convened in Washington in April 1948, in conjunction with the second session of the FAO Council, under the chairmanship of Sir Carl Berendsen (New Zealand). The session, which lasted only two days, was called to name a successor to Sir John Boyd Orr as Director-General of the Organization, and to act on membership applications submitted by Ceylon and Turkey.

The UN Economic Commission for Latin America (CEPAL) and the Development Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
International Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Left ◽  
Development Project ◽  
United Nations Economic Commission ◽  
Economic Commission

The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA in English and CEPAL in Spanish and Portuguese) was more than an economic development institution. Established in 1948, at the height of post-World War II internationalism, CEPAL was one of the first three regional commissions alongside those of Europe and Asia charged with addressing problems of postwar economic reconstruction. But, in the hands of a group of mostly Argentinean, Brazilian, and Chilean economists, CEPAL swiftly became the institutional fulcrum of a regional intellectual project that put Latin America at the center of discussions about international development and global capitalism. That Latin America’s place in the periphery of the global economy as a producer of primary products and raw materials in exchange for manufactured goods from the world’s industrial centers, combined with the long-term decline in the international terms of that trade, constituted an obstacle for economic development, was the foundational tenet of that project. Through regional economic surveys and in-depth country studies, international forums and training courses, international cooperation initiatives, and national structural reforms, cepalinos located themselves at the nexus of a transnational network of diplomats and policymakers, economists and sociologists, and made the notion of center–periphery and the intellectual repertoire it inspired the central economic paradigm of the region in the postwar era. Eclipsed in the 1970s by critiques from the New Left and dependency theorists, on the one hand, and by the authoritarian right and neoliberal proponents, on the other hand, the cepalino project remains Latin America’s most important contribution to debates about capitalism and globalization, while the institution, after it reinvented itself at the turn of the century, still constitutes a point of reference and a privileged repository of information about the region.

Household Income and Expenditure Surveys: A Tool for Accelerating the Development of Evidence-Based Fortification Programs

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Fiedler ◽  
Marc-Francois Smitz ◽  
Olivier Dupriez ◽  
Jed Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Food Consumption Data

Background One-third of the world's population suffers from micronutrient deficiencies due primarily to inadequate dietary intake. Food fortification is often touted as the most promising short- to medium-term strategy for combating these deficiencies. Despite its appealing characteristics, progress in fortification has been slow. Objective To assess the potential of household food-purchase data to fill the food-consumption information gap, which has been an important factor contributing to the slow growth of fortification programs. Methods Household income and expenditure survey (HIES) data about: (a) a population's distribution of apparent household consumption, which are essential to setting safe fortification levels, (b) the proportion of households purchasing “fortifiable” food, and (c) the quantity of food being purchased were used to proxy food-consumption data and develop suggested fortification levels. Results The usefulness of the approach in addressing several common fortification program design issues is demonstrated. HIES-based suggested fortification levels are juxtaposed with ones developed using the most common current approach, which relies upon Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Balance Sheets. Conclusions Despite its limitations, the use of HIES data constitutes a generally unexploited opportunity to address the food-consumption information gap by using survey data that nearly every country of the world is already routinely collecting. HIES data enable the design of fortification programs to become more based on country-specific data and less on general rules of thumb. The more routine use of HIES data constitutes a first step in improving the precision of fortification feasibility analyses and improving estimates of the coverage, costs, and impact of fortification programs.

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