Some effects of bran and cellulose on the water relationships in the digesta and faeces of pigs Part III. The effect of level of water intake and level of cellulose in the ration on the dry-matter content of the faeces

1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Cooper ◽  
C. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Fibrous Cellulose ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Basal Ration

1. An experiment has been described in which pigs were fed rations containing four different levels of cellulose, each ration being fed successively at three different levels of water intake. The cellulose levels were superimposed on a highly digestible basal ration.2. It appears that altering the level of water intake, while keeping the ration constant, has only a very limited effect on the level of faecal dry-matter percentage, and on the pattern of variation therein.3. Further evidence is cited in support of the theories, advanced in a previous paper, relating to the influence of fibrous cellulose on water relationships in the digesta and faeces.

Some effects of bran and cellulose on the water relationships in the digesta and faeces of pigs Part II. The effects of adding different levels of fibrous cellulose to a highly digestible purified ration

1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Cooper ◽  
C. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Faecal Material ◽  
Fibrous Cellulose ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Basal Ration

1. Two experiments have been described in which pigs were fed different levels of fibrous cellulose superimposed on a highly digestible purified basal ration. These experiments involved 24 hr. faecal collections and ultimate slaughter of the animals, together with analysis of faecal material and gut contents.2. The results of these experiments, together with those from experiments described in the previous paper in this series, have provided the basis for a discussion of the effects of adding bran and cellulose to pig rations, and of the influence of the progress of the residues of feeds through the digestive tract, on the pattern of excretion and the dry matter content of the faeces.

Statistical research on the fate of water in the adult cow. II. The lactating cow

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paquay ◽  
R. De Baere ◽  
A. Lousse
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Total Water Intake

SUMMARYStatistical tests were made on the data obtained from 100 non-pregnant lactating cows, whose milk production ranged from 4 to 22 kg/day. The cows were kept in metabolism stalls and fed 37 different rations.The authors have studied the correlation between total water intake, faecal and urinary water losses, absorbed and available water and the numerous other factors which were analysed in each of the 37 rations.Total water intake is closely related to the dry-matter intake and the dry-matter content of the diet; it is related also to the composition of the ingested dry matter but is unrelated to the daily milk production.Faecal water losses are closely related to the dry-matter intake and the dry-matter content of the diet; increase of pentosans and crude-fibre intake enhances the losses.Urinary water excretion is related to the amount of absorbed water and to the dry-matter content of the diet; a highly significant correlation exists also between urinary water and urinary nitrogen and potassium. Daily milk production and urinary water are negatively correlated.Water secretion in the milk depends on the dry-matter intake and on its composition; but there is no significant correlation between total water intake and milk water.

Statistical research on the fate of water in the adult cow. I. Dry cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paquay ◽  
R. De Baere ◽  
A. Lousse
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Total Water Intake

SUMMARYStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained, under strictly controlled conditions in metabolism stalls, from 219 adult non-pregnant dry cows fed on seventyone different rations. The authors have calculated and studied the correlations between total water intake, faecal and urinary water losses, absorbed and available water, and the seventy-five other factors which were analysed in each of the seventy-one rations. Total water intake closely correlated with the dry-matter intake and also with the dry-matter content of the diet; forages with high moisture content enhance the total water intake which is also significantly correlated to the intake of nitrogen, fat and some mineral elements.Total water intake closely correlated with the dry-matter intake and also with the dry-matter content of the diet; forages with high moisture content enhance the total water intake which is also significantly correlated to the intake of nitrogen, fat and some mineral elements.Faecal water losses are strongly correlated with the dry-matter intake and on the faecal dry matter. Moisture content of the diet has no significant effect but increasing pentosans and crude-fibre intake enhance the losses.Urinary water excretion is closely related to the amount of absorbed water and to the dry-matter content of the diet; a highly significant correlation also exists between urinary water and urinary nitrogen and potassium. The amount of water excreted in the urine may affect the utilization of digestible nitrogen and potassium.Available water is increased logarithmically when total water intake rises arithmetically. Feeds with high moisture content thus enhance the amount of available water.

Effect of different levels of saturated solution of calcium chloride in the preparation of calcium salt of fatty acid and its effect on rumen protozoa, pH and ammonia nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
MMR Meraj ◽  
MAS Khan ◽  
TA Rakhi ◽  
NR Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Salt ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Rumen Protozoa ◽  
Different Levels

Calcium salt of fatty acid was prepared by adding 3 different levels of saturated solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2) to soybean oil. It was found that fat content was not significantly affected by calcium chloride. However, calcium chloride had significant effect on other parameters like dry matter, fat, ash and sodium. The highest calcium and fat was obtained when 3.5 parts CaCl2 were added (p<0.01). It was also observed that “sun drying” and “drying at room temperature” had no significant effect on any parameter except dry matter content. Calcium salt of fatty acid had significant anti-protozoal effect (p<0.01) in sheep. Treated group showed reduced protozoal number without affecting the rumen pH and rumen ammonia nitrogen. It was also found that the number of rumen protozoa in rumen liquor was less at 12:00 p.m. than that at 3:30 p.m. when sheep were fed 3% calcium salt. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i2.18489Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (2): 109-113  

scholarly journals Integrating maize and triticale in grass/clover based dairy systems: examining yields and autumn soil nitrate levels

2013 ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
J.B. Pinxterhuis ◽  
H.C. De Boer ◽  
N.J.M. Van Eekeren ◽  
M.W.J. Stienezen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Different Levels

To establish N-efficient crop rotations with perennial ryegrass/white clover, maize and triticale, a 9-year field experiment was executed on an organic experimental farm in the Netherlands. Crop rotations with different levels of slurry (dairy effluent from the free-stall barn, average dry matter content of 7%) application were tested for dry matter (DM) yield, N yield, soil mineral N in autumn, soil organic matter and soil organic N. Maize cropping and slurry application both increased annual DM yield. However, the second year of grass/ clover following maize, maize itself and slurry applications each resulted in higher soil mineral N in autumn, increasing the risk of nitrate leaching losses. A rotation of 4 years of grass/clover, 2 years of maize and 1 year of triticale resulted in relatively high average annual DM production (12 t DM/ha/year) for Dutch conditions, with a higher potential N leaching loss in 2 out of 7 years. Keywords: crop rotation, grass clover, maize, triticale, N efficiency, soil mineral N

scholarly journals Silage of Marandu Grass with Levels of Stylo Legume Treated or Not with Microbial Inoculant

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Joao P. S. Rigueira ◽  
Odilon G. Pereira ◽  
Karina G. Ribeiro ◽  
Sebastião De C. V. Filho ◽  
Andréia S. Cezário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Microbial Inoculant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Different Levels

The chemical composition, fermentation profile, microbial population and dry matter recovery were evaluated in marandu grass silages containing different levels of Stylo legume cv. Campo Grande treated or not with microbial inoculant. A 4 × 2 factorial arrangement (four levels of Stylo legume, with and without microbial inoculant) was used in a completely randomized design with four replications. The levels of Stylo legume used were 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the weight in the natural matter. The marandu grass was harvested at 70 days of regrowth and the Stylo legume at the pre-flowering stage. It was observed the effect of interaction between levels of Stylo legume and microbial inoculant on dry matter content, effluent losses, dry matter recovery and yeast and molds populations. The dry matter content of the silages with and without inoculant increased (P < 0.05) linearly with the addition of Stylo legume. A linear decreasing effect was observed for neutral detergent fiber contents and a linear crescent effect for the crude protein contents of the silages with addition of Stylo legume. The pH values had a quadratic effect with addition of Stylo legume, with a maximum value of 4.16 in the inclusion of 12.25% of Stylo legume. The LAB population increased linearly with an increase in the levels of Stylo legume. The dry matter recovery increased linearly with the addition of Stylo legume, in the silages without inoculant. It is concluded that the consortium of marandu grass with Stylo legume improves the chemical composition, fermentation profile, and decrease the dry matter losses of the silages, regardless of the use of microbial inoculant.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document