Specific gravity of tubers in relation to productivity of some sweet potato genotypes

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-476
Author(s):  
P. K. Ray ◽  
S. Mishra ◽  
S. S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
College Of Agriculture

In the recent past, specific gravity of tubers has been considered an easy means of estimating yield potential of sweet potato cultivars (Bryant, 1979) and their quality characters like starch value and dry-matter content (Ishikawa & Sakai, 1973). Bryant (1979) separated sweet potato tubers with low and high specific gravity at planting time by determining whether or not they floated in water, and observed that the floaters gave 20% higher yield than the sinkers. As this simple test claimed to hold promise for selecting higher-yielding sweet potato genotypes, it was decided to scan its usefulness at the College of Agriculture, Dholi, where a large collection of sweet potato germ plasm is being maintained for research needs.

scholarly journals The Inheritance of Yield Components and Beta Carotene Content in Sweet Potato

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Heritier Kambale Mbusa ◽  
Kahiu Ngugi ◽  
Florence M. Olubayo ◽  
Benjamin Musembi Kivuva ◽  
James W. Muthomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

Analysis of the gene action exhibited by an agronomic trait in crop plants is useful in the planning of an effective plant breeding program. This study sought to establish the inheritance variance of root yield components and beta carotene content present in sweet potato clones commonly grown in Kenya. Ten contrasting parents were selected based on their beta carotene content, dry matter content and yield potential. They were planted in pots in the green house at KEPHIS-Muguga, Kenya, where they were grafted into Ipomoea setosa to boost their ability to flower. Five parents were further selected based on their ability to flower under local environmental conditions and crossed in a 5 × 5 half diallel manner. Five parents and ten F1 clones arising from this hybridization were evaluated at KALRO-Kiboko, Kenya during two rainy seasons. The field trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design of three replications. The data were scored for root yield characteristics, beta carotene and root dry matter content. Griffing Method II, Model 1 diallel was used to estimate the general and specific combining ability. Genetic variability for beta carotene and root dry matter content indicated that the two traits were controlled mostly by both additive and dominant gene actions. Heterosis gene effects were found for beta carotene and root dry matter content which would be useful in the improvement of sweet potato productivity.

scholarly journals The yield potential and chemical analysis of some introduction sweet cultivars in the Papua highlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
Syafruddin Kadir ◽  
Herniwati
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The research aims to identify the adaptability some Cilembu sweet potato clones in the highland region of Papua and to determine consumer responses to sweet potato clones Cilembu. The activities carried out in Jayawijaya and Yahukimo. The experiment were 10 cultivars / clones of yams consisting of 6 (six) clones Cilembu and four (4) local sweet potato clones of each: UP-UM 1 (V1), UP-UM 4 (V2), UP-UM 5 (V3), UP-UM 6 (V4), UP-UM 9 (V5), Rancung (V6), Papua Salosa (V7), Helaleke (V8), Cangkuang (V9), and Weayuken (V10). The experiment were conducted on two districts with a height above sea level (asl) different namely Jayawijaya (1550 m asl) and Yakuhimo (2000 m). Assessment was laid out using a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The assessment results in districts Jayawijaya shows that, clones Cilembu UP-UM1, UP-UM 5, UP-UM 6, UP-UM 9, and Rancung, as well as varieties lonkal Papua Salosa compounds containing β-carotene / Antocianin shown from yellow / orange / purple. In the district of Jayawijaya, average tuber longest and largest bulb diameter produced by local variety Cangkuang. But the number of tubers were generated by clones Cilembu UP-UM 5. Productivity and highs of 10 varieties / clones were studied both in Jayawiya and Yakohimo is Cangkuang (23.59 t / ha), while the highest dry matter content produced by clone up- UM 4. Production of dry matter produced by the highest Weayuken varieties. The results of the chemical analysis of the highest protein content produced by clone UP-6 and UP-UM UM 9; The highest content of starch and amylose varieties produced by Cangkuang; The highest content of reducing sugar produced by clone UP-6 and UP-UM UM 9; The highest content of β-carotene produced by UP-UM 5; and the highest content of vitamin C is produced by UP-UM 6.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties for Yield and Some Agronomic Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Lemma Tessema ◽  
Wassu Mohammed ◽  
Tesfaye Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Central Highlands

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in the central highlands of Ethiopia to evaluate the performance of potato varieties for tuber yield and to identify a superior variety in tuber yield and yield components. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at two locations in the central highlands of Ethiopia during the 2017 main cropping season. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the presence of highly significant (P<0.01) differences among varieties over all traits studied. The mean squares for location were also significant in indicating the influence of environments on the traits of the studied varieties. However, the interaction between variety and environment had no significant effect on the performances of the potato varieties to attain 50% flowering, specific gravity and dry matter content indicating a similar performance of these traits across all locations. The variety Belete produced the maximum total tuber yield of 32.8 t ha -1 and marketable tuber yield of 29.1 t ha-1. Conversely, farmers` variety Nech Abeba produced the minimum total tuber yield of 13.8 t ha-1 and marketable tuber yield of 8.4 t ha-1. For most tuber quality traits, viz., tuber specific gravity, dry matter content, starch percentage and total starch yield, varieties Belete and Menagesha were the maximum and minimum producers, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that varietal and environmental variations as well as their interaction had considerable influence on tuber yield and the potato’s attributes.

scholarly journals Near-infrared Spectroscopy for Rapid Estimation of Dry Matter Content in Whole Unpeeled Potato Tubers

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Helgerud ◽  
Vegard H. Segtnan ◽  
Jens P. Wold ◽  
Simon Ballance ◽  
Svein H. Knutsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
External Reference ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Processed Potatoes

<p>The dry matter is one of the main quality parameters of raw and processed potatoes. In the present study, the potential of utilizing high throughput commercially available NIR interactance systems for dry matter determination in whole unpeeled potato tubers is investigated. The performance of a 2D NIR interactance instrument was compared with that of a 1D NIR interactance instrument and a traditional underwater weight apparatus. A total of 114 tubers were assessed individually with both of the NIR instruments (760-1040 nm), the underwater weight and an external reference method (freeze drying). The 1D interactance instrument obtained better prediction results than what the 2D instrument could achieve (R<sup>2</sup>=0.95, RMSECV=0.91, and R<sup>2</sup>=0.83, RMSECV=1.65, respectively). The underwater weight obtained the highest explained variance (R<sup>2</sup>=0.97), but the estimation was biased by approximately 1.5% (by weight). The poorer prediction performance of the 2D NIR interactance system can be partly explained by the lower penetration depths of the light compared to the 1D NIR interactance systems.</p>

scholarly journals Iodine Biofortification of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown in Field

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń ◽  
Sylwester Smoleń ◽  
Stanisław Rożek ◽  
Włodzimierz Sady ◽  
Piotr Strzetelski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Daily Diet

Despite wide prevention programmes, iodine deficiency remains a substantial problem in various populations around the world. Consumption of crop plants with increased iodine content may help supply additional amounts of that element in a daily diet. The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of iodine biofortification of potato tubers. Soil application of KI and foliar application of KIO3 in doses up to 2.0 kg I ha−1 were tested in a three-year field experiment. Biomass, yield as well as dry matter, iodine, starch, and soluble sugar content in potato tubers were analyzed. No negative effect of tested methods of iodine application on potato yield or dry matter content was observed. Both soil and foliar application of iodine allowed to obtain potato tubers with increased content of that element with no decrease of starch or sugar content. The highest efficiency of iodine biofortification was noted for foliar spraying with KIO3 in a dose of 2.0 kg I ha−1. The obtained level of iodine in 100 g of potatoes could be sufficient to cover up to 25% of Recommended Daily Allowance for that element. The findings of the study indicate that potatoes biofortified with iodine can become an additional source of I in a daily diet.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis of Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] Genotypes for Combined Beta Carotene and Dry Matter Content in Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Afolabi ◽  
O. B. Bello ◽  
G. O. Agbowuro ◽  
C. O. Aremu ◽  
M. O. Akoroda
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Β Carotene

Roots of orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties currently available in Nigeria contain high quantities of β-carotene or pro-vitamin A but have high moisture content. These varieties have been found to be a cheap and crucially important remedy for vitamin A deficiency. The cream or white-fleshed varieties, on the other hand, have a sweet taste with high dry matter content, giving a dry texture, a quality trait preferred in Nigeria. Development of sweet potato genotypes that can combine these two important quality traits is the objective of this breeding work. A diallel experiment using six parental sweet potato genotypes crossed in all possible combinations were carried out and thirty progenies were evaluated for beta carotene (β-carotene) and dry matter content in Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. The 30 F1 progenies along with their parental lines were planted in the same field trial. The trial was laid out in 6 x 6 triple lattice in two replications. Highly significant (P≤ 0.01) differences were observed among the genotypes for the traits. The average β-carotene content among the progenies was 2.86 (mg/100g.f.w) while the dry matter cttgontent had a mean value of 31.89%. The cross progenies 199024.2 x Excel had the highest beta carotene (14.37mg/100g.f.w) content with the highest dry matter content (40.10%) and are therefore recommended for further evaluation.

scholarly journals Post Harvest Assessment and Nutritional Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) Grown in the Alluvial Soils of West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Manisha Ch. Momin ◽  
Alemmoa R. Jamir ◽  
Surajit Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional content of various cultivars of taro acquired from All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on tuber crops. Study design:Completely randomized design (CRD) at 5% level of significance. Place and duration of study: Department of Post Harvest Technology, faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India, between December 2019 and February 2020. Methodology: 8 cultivars of taro were evaluated for their nutritional contents in this study and their physical attributes such as cormel girth, length, specific gravity, number of cormels per plant and weight of cormel as well as yield per hectare was calculated. Chemical attributes such as titratable acidity, starch, ascorbic acid, total phenol and total sugar as well as reducing sugar content in each cultivar was also studied. Results: Analysis of variance showed significant variation among all the tested cultivars. Moisture content, total sugar and starch was recorded to be highest in the cultivar TTR-17-6 (72.233 %, 5.007 % and 31.805 % respectively). Total phenol (188 mg GAE 100 gm-1) and reducing sugar (2.817%) was found to be highest in TTR-17-5. Total soluble solids was highest in TTR-17-7 (3.867 0Brix). Dry matter content was highest in TTR-17-4 (37.333 %) and ascorbic acid was highest in TTR-17-2 (70.093 mg 100 gm-1). Conclusion: The eight cultivars of taro studied were found to be rich in sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenols and starch. They were observed to vary in cormel girth, length, weight, specific gravity, yield, moisture, dry matter content, TSS and titratable acidity. The cultivar TTR-17-6 was found to be very high in starch, total sugar and moisture content. Therefore, this cultivar may be of considerable importance in ameliorating malnutrition in poorly resourced areas of the developing countries. Cultivar TTR-17-2 was found to be high in ascorbic acid and hence can be further used by the plant breeders to develop more cultivars of taro that are rich in such phytochemicals.

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