Reducing socioeconomic differences in anthropometric characteristics among young Polish women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kliś ◽  
Iwona Wronka
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Material Conditions

Abstract The aim of this paper was to evaluate the socioeconomic differences in adult anthropometric parameters of young women in Poland. The study was cross-sectional and conducted in the years 2015 to 2018 among 1257 women aged 19–24 years. The heights, weights, wrist widths and waist, hip and chest circumferences of the subjects were measured. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-chest ratio (WCR) and chest-to-height ratio (CHtR) were calculated. A survey was conducted to collect data on the women’s socioeconomic characteristics. The application of the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) including all socioeconomic indicators (urbanization level of place of residence in childhood, parental education, number of siblings, material conditions) revealed no significant association of these with any of the analysed anthropometric traits. The results of the logistic regression showed no significant differences in the risk of underweight, too low abdominal adiposity or too high abdominal adiposity. However, the risk of overweight and obesity was significantly affected by the degree of urbanization of the women’s place of residence in childhood and by their number of siblings. The results show that the socioeconomic factors that once had a significant influence on anthropometric traits currently do not play such an important role. This change can be explained by the equalization of living conditions and lifestyles of individual social groups in Poland.

Relationship Among Adherence to The Mediterranean Diet and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Subjects with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Lampignano ◽  
Roberta Zupo ◽  
Rossella Donghia ◽  
Vito Guerra ◽  
Fabio Castellana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background: There is moderate-to-high evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents increases in body weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals but less is known about its effects in subjects with overweight and obesity. The present study was focused on exploring the cross-sectional association among the adherence to Mediterranean diet and the most commonly used variables of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of overweight subjects from a typical Mediterranean region, Apulia, in Southern Italy. Methods:: The study was performed in a cohort of 1214 individuals, all with overweight or obesity but no other clinical condition. We investigated the association among adherence to Mediterranean diet, assessed with the PREDIMED score, and anthropometric parameters [namely body mass index (BMI), WC, waist to height ratio (WHtR) and neck circumference (NC)], fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), and blood pressure and insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR. Results:: The waist to height ratio was negatively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04), whereas HDL cholesterol was positively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04) Conclusion: This study suggests that body fat distribution and HDL-cholesterol are the parameters most strongly influenced by MedDiet in Apulian subjects.

scholarly journals Association of high birth weight with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years: a national, cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e024532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
Zhongping Yang ◽  
Zhaogeng Yang ◽  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundThe prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China has drastically increased 57 times over the past 30 years, and to control birth weight is an effective way to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity across the life course.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to evaluate the association of high birth weight (HBW) with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years.MethodsAll students with HBW (n=4981) aged 6–18 years were selected from a cross-sectional survey from seven provinces of China, and 4981 other students with normal birth weight (NBW) were randomly sampled with matched gender, age and province. Anthropometric parameters were measured and characteristics were collected by questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the OR of overweight and obesity with HBW, unadjusted and adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsParticipants with HBW revealed higher body mass index in childhood. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly higher in the HBW group than in the NBW group (overweight 15.3% vs 13.1%, p<0.05; obesity 16.9% vs 10.6%, p<0.05), and the results were similar for overweight in all age groups except age 6–7, age 14–15 and age 16–18. Additionally, HBW was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.230; 95% CI 1.056 to 1.432) and obesity (OR=1.611; 95% CI 1.368 to 1.897) after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsHBW leads to an increased risk of overweight and obesity in childhood; thus, measures to control birth weight, such as controlling gestational weight gain, should be taken from the earliest beginning of life.Trial registration numberNCT02343588; Post-results.

scholarly journals Waist circumference in 6–12-year-old children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Morten Fredriksen ◽  
Angelica Skår ◽  
Asgeir Mamen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Aims: With overweight and obesity increasing worldwide, it has become ever more important to monitor the development and distribution of adiposity in children. This study investigated how the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children 6–12 years old relate to earlier studies. Methods: In 2015, 2271 children (boys, n = 1150) were measured for height, weight, and WC. Parental education level was used as a measure of socioeconomic status. Results: A significant increase in WC with age was revealed for both sexes ( p < .0001). Boys at 10 and 12 years had a larger WC than girls; otherwise no difference between sexes was found. The WHtR decreased with age for girls ( p < .0001); 14% of the sample displayed a WHtR ≥ 0.50. Comparison with earlier studies showed a higher WC and WHtR despite no change in weight and body mass index. Conclusion: WC and WHtR are recommended as tools for identifying central obesity in children. The results indicate increased WC in 6–12-year-old children compared with earlier findings.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in preschoolers: Prevalence and relation to food consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aretha Matos de Araujo ◽  
Socorro Adriana de Sousa Meneses Brandão ◽  
Marcos Antônio da Mota Araújo ◽  
Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota ◽  
Regilda Saraiva dos Reis Moreira-Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Summary Objective: To determine overweight and obesity prevalence in preschool children from public education, and to determine their relation to food consumption. Method: Cross-sectional study with children aged between 2 and 5 years, of both sexes, enrolled at municipal day care centers. Socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric data were collected, in order to calculate the body mass index (BMI) for age. Data on food consumption were assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation were used at a significance level of 5%. Results: Of 548 children, 52% were male, with mean age of 4.2 years old. Most families had incomes between 1 and 2 minimum wages (59.7%), in addition to 10 years (mothers) of education. Anthropometric parameters did not differ significantly between sexes. According to the BMI-for-age, it was found that most of children were well-nourished (85.2%), 8.2% had the risk of becoming overweight, and 4.2% were overweight. The most consumed foods were: rice (100%), beans (99.4%), bread (98.5%), fruit (98.5%), red meat (97.1%), butter and margarine (95.4%), biscuits, cakes and sweet pies (94.1%), dairy products (94.1%), chocolate milk (91.7%), and soft drinks (90.2%). Consumed foods that were strongly correlated (r > 0.7) to the risk of/excess weight were, as follows: bread; biscuits, cakes, sweet pies; dairy products; chocolate milk; sausages. Conclusion: There was low prevalence of overweight and absence of obesity among the population assessed. The risk of overweight was greater among girls. Data from the study showed deviations in food consumption.

scholarly journals BMI, waist to height ratio and waist circumference as a screening tool for hypertension in hospital out patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Shrestha ◽  
Bijay Khatri ◽  
Madan P. Upadhyay ◽  
Janak R. Bhattarai ◽  
Manish Kayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract Background: Obesity has become a global epidemic with a rise in noncommunicable diseases. It is now becoming the problem of low- and middle-income countries such as Nepal. Conventional risk factors are present in a high proportion in the Nepalese population. As a routine surveillance or registry system is absent, the actual burden and trend of obesity and hypertension in Nepal are unknown. Hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by detecting risk factors such as obesity and high blood pressure. A simple anthropometric measurement could be used to determine the risk of hypertension. However, the best predictor of hypertension remains contentious and controversial. We aimed to determine the burden of obesity and hypertension and test the ability to determine hypertension through different anthropometric measurements in hospital outpatients in a low-income setting.Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from June to December 2019 among 40-69 year outpatients in a tertiary eye and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal among a randomly selected sample of 2,256 participants from 6,769 outpatients visited in Health Promotion and risked factor screening service. We performed a correlation analysis to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurements and blood pressure. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of body mass index (BMI), waist to height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC) was calculated and compared.Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 51.75 (8.47) years. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20%, respectively. The overall prevalence of abdominal obesity by waist-to-height ratio was 32.76%, which is higher than obesity by BMI. High waist circumference was observed among 66.76% participants, whereas female participants had a very higher prevalence of high waist circumference (77.46%) and male participants (53.73%) (p<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension among the participants with BMI≥25 kg/m2, WHtR≥0.5 and WC≥ cutoff values was 45.97%, 42.52% and 45.28%, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 40.67% and 36.77%, respectively. Male participants had a slightly higher prevalence of hypertension (42.72%) than female participants (39.00%). The areas under the curve (AUCs) were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.570, 95% CI: 0.548-0.592), WC (0.585, 95% CI: 0.563-0.607) and WHtR (0.586, 95% CI: 0.564-0.608). In both genders, the area under the curve was significantly higher than 0.5 (P<0.01). In all age groups, the area under the curve was also significantly higher than 0.5.Conclusion: Waist circumference was both correlated as well as had higher predictive capacity amongst WHtR and BMI and may play a major role in the future diagnosis of HTN in Nepali adults. Regardless of the anthropometric metrics used to measure overweight and obesity, the hospital setting is an opportunity centre to screen for overweight, obesity and hypertension, which are major risk factors for NCDs.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Obesity and Hypertension in School Adolescents Aged 15–17 from the Region of Central Poland—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2394
Author(s):  
Piotr Wieniawski ◽  
Bożena Werner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Category

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of abnormal weight and anthropometric parameters along with abnormal blood pressure values in adolescents in Poland. Anthropometric measurements were taken in the studied age group and the correlation between these values and blood pressure values and the diagnosis of hypertension was analyzed. The main aim of the study was to characterize the particular age group in the selected population: 690 students aged 15–17 years were examined. Blood pressure and anthropometric values including height, weight, circumferences of the hips, abdomen and arms, as well as skinfolds on the back of the arm, below the scapula and the stomach, were taken. The following indexes were calculated: WHR (waist to hip ratio), WHtR (waist to height ratio), BAI (body adiposity index-hip to height ratio) and BMI (body mass index). Mean SBP (systolic blood pressure) was 112.3 (standard deviation (SD) 12.2) mmHg, and DBP (diastolic blood pressure) was 66.9 (SD 6.9) mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension in the studied group was 5.8% (3.2% boys, 2.6% girls) and prehypertension was present in 4.4% (1.6% boys, 2.8% girls). The prevalence of excess body weight was 23.6%-obesity 11.3% (40 girls, 27 boys) and overweight 12.3% (50 girls, 34 boys). Correlations between BMI and waist, hip and arm circumference, subscapular and abdominal skinfold thickness, WHtR and BAI were r = 0.86, r = 0.84, r = 0.88, r = 0.81, r = 0.75, r = 0.88 and r = 0.81, respectively (p < 0.05). Significant differences (p < 0.05) of SBP and DBP values, depending on weight category, as defined by BMI, were observed. Abnormal blood pressure values occur in one tenth and abnormal body weight in almost a quarter of the studied population. Obese and overweight children have higher SBP and DBP values compared to children with normal body weight.

scholarly journals Are 24 h urinary sodium excretion and sodium:potassium independently associated with obesity in Chinese adults?

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Ge ◽  
Jiyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
Liuxia Yan ◽  
Xiaolei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association of 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K with obesity in Chinese adults.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a four-stage stratified sampling strategy.SettingShandong Province, China.SubjectsChinese adults (n 1906) aged 18–69 years who provided complete 24 h urine samples.ResultsOdds of obesity increased significantly across increasing quartiles of urinary Na excretion (1·00, 1·54, 1·69 and 2·52, respectively, for overweight; 1·00, 1·20, 1·50, and 2·03, respectively, for obesity; 1·00, 1·44, 1·85 and 2·53, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist circumference); and 1·00, 1·28, 1·44 and 1·75, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist-to-height ratio); P for linear trend <0·001 for all). In addition, odds of abdominal obesity, but not odds of overweight and obesity, increased significantly with successive Na:K quartiles. Additionally, for each increment in urinary Na excretion of 100 mmol, odds of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 46 %, 39 %, 55 % and 33 %, respectively. Similarly, with a 1 sd increase in Na:K, odds of abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 12 % and 15 %, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K might be important risk factors for obesity in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Using Multinomial Logistic Regression for Modeling Obesity and Overweight Among People in Urban Area of Ardabil City, Ardabil, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firouz Amani ◽  
Shervin Tabrizian ◽  
Anahita Zakeri ◽  
Akbar Pirzadeh ◽  
Somayeh Zeynizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health and increase the risk of more diseases in future. Body mass index (BMI) is a good method for measure the overweight and obesity and waist to hip ration is a good index for measure the abdominal obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 1316 people who selected randomly from Ardabil city. Demographic data and anthropometric parameters such as age,sex, height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured by interviewers. Data were analyzed by statistical methods such as t-test, chisquare test, Pearson correlation and multinomial logistic regression model in SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of the people was 28.5±7.4 years of them, 63.1% were in age group 20-30 years. The mean height of the samples was 162.7±8.6 cm in range 110-194 and the mean weight of them was 68.9±11.7 kg in range 43-111. The mean BMI of patients was 25.7. According to BMI, 35.6% of all samples had overweight and 18.6% had obesity. According to the WHR, 28.1% of male and 22.1% of female had high WHR (abdominal obesity). The prevalence of abdominal obesity based WHR was 25.2%. Conclusion: By using Multinomial Logistic Regression we showed that the relation between BMI and Age was positive and significant and by increasing one year at age of people, the rate of overweight increased 13% and the rate of obesity increased 17% in compare with normal patients.

scholarly journals An Interrelationship between Blood Pressure, Body Roundness Index, Waist Circumference, and Waist to Height Ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Jeppu ◽  
Kavitha A. Kumar ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Obesity is a global epidemic. Obesity related comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, and sudden death. Abdominal adiposity has been blamed for causing cardiovascular complications. The body roundness index (BRI) has been considered to be a superior anthropometric measure for abdominal adiposity. The aim of the study was to find the relationship of blood pressure in healthy individuals to BRI, waist circumference (WC), and waist to height Ratio (WHtR). It also tried to find out the relation of BRI to WC and WHtR. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 individuals aged between 18 and 60 years who were apparently healthy (not on any treatment or physical training) and willing to participate in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Parameters like height, weight, and WC were measured. BRI and WHtR were calculated. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. We observed that BRI was well correlated to the WC, body mass index (BMI), and WHtR. Both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure correlated well with BRI. BRI and WHtR, both are good parameters to evaluate the blood pressure of an individual.

scholarly journals Are adolescents studying in private schools more obese? a comparative study among adolescents from different types of schools in Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Aby Dany Varghese ◽  
Geethu Mathew ◽  
Anoop Ivan Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secondary Classes

Background: Adolescent obesity is a serious public health challenge of this century. It is associated with many factors including sleep patterns among adolescents.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala. Adolescents studying in high school and higher secondary classes were included using stratified random sampling. Study tools included a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements.Results: 657 students were enrolled from Government, Government-aided and Private schools. The mean age of the participants was 15.09±1.33 years. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.8% and 6.5% respectively. Students in private schools were found to have higher prevalence of overweight (17.8%) and obesity (9.8%) compared to Government-aided (15.3% and 5.4%) and Government schools (8% and 4.5%). Students with lesser sleep duration had higher BMI values. Factors such as higher age, family income, parental education, lack of regular physical activity were associated with obesity. Students with more siblings and family members had low BMI compared to others.Conclusions: High prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed among adolescents especially among private school students. Inadequate sleep duration was also found to be associated with obesity. Primary prevention approach aimed at spreading adequate awareness among students, parents and teachers should be practiced. 

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