Native Lords and the Church in Thirteenth-Century Strathearn, Scotland

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-475
Author(s):  
CYNTHIA J. NEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Native Land ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Parish Churches ◽  
The Church

The thirteenth century in Scotland witnessed a determined effort on the part of the crown and its ecclesiastical officials to initiate a series of reforms comparable to those that had so deeply altered the social and religious life of England and continental Europe. An important aspect of the transformation that occurred in Scotland was the consolidation of a network of parish churches throughout the kingdom. Scottish authorities, however, encountered several obstacles in their attempts to create parishes, and especially to assign sufficient revenues to them. In the lordships controlled by old Celtic families in particular the Church's designs sometimes clashed with the interests of great native land-holders and their kinsmen. In many of these lordships the process of parish formation was ultimately the result of negotiation and litigation which saw the Church forced to accommodate the claims of Celtic landowners. This article examines, in the context of the native lordship of Strathearn, the struggles that marked the creation and consolidation of some parishes in thirteenth-century Scotland.

Weavers into Heretics? The Social Organization of Early-Thirteenth-Century Catharism in Comparative Perspective

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-137
Author(s):  
Lutz Kaelber
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Middle Ages

How did a person become a heretic in the Middle Ages? Then, once the person was affiliated with a heretical group, how was the affiliation sustained? What social processes and mechanisms were involved that forged bonds among heretics strong enough, in some cases, for them to choose death rather than return to the bosom of the Church? Two competing accounts of what attracted people to medieval heresies have marked the extremes in historical explanations (Russell 1963): one is a materialist account elucidated by Marxist historians; the other one focuses on ideal factors, as proposed by the eminent historian Herbert Grundmann.

scholarly journals Maḫbär et sänbäte: associations religieuses en Ethiopie

Aethiopica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Ancel
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Influence ◽  
Organizational Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Parish Community ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
Ethiopian Orthodox ◽  
The Church

Faithful of the Ethiopian Orthodox Täwaḥǝdo Church gather sometimes into a religious association. We can distinguish two types of religious associations: the maḫbär and the sänbäte. These two types are organized on the same scheme and are led by the faithful themselves. Both are based on a fundamental concept, which is to gather faithful around a banquet for a commemoration. Maḫbär and sänbäte are a representation of a zǝkǝr, a crucial concept in the Ethiopian Christianity. The religious authority is shared by one priest who leads the liturgy of the ritual. The presence of a priest without an organizational role highlights the influence of the laymen to organize their own religious life outwards the cast-iron ecclesiastical organisation. The social and religious influence of these organizations is very important in towns and in the countryside. To be member of these associations is a sign of an important social status in the parish community and the reality of both maḫbär and sänbäte shows the existence of a way of dialogue between the Church and the faithful.

scholarly journals PENDIRIAN RUMAH IBADAT PASCA PBM NOMOR 9 DAN 8 TAHUN 2006 DAN KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA (Kasus Pendirian Gereja di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat)

Harmoni ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-392
Author(s):  
Anik Farida
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
It Use ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
The Church

The establishment of house of worship is one of the crucial issues in the harmony of religious life in Indonesia. Some research have been conducted on the case of the construction of houses of worship, but it use the civic pluralism or human rights perspectives. This paper presents the results of research on the case of the construction of houses of worship, namely the church in Bandung, West Java, with conflict management perspective. This study was designed as a case study, by conducting interviews and observations as well as reviewing documents with conflict management perspectives and regulations on the establishment of houses of worship, by examining the elements of the community involved in the process of building houses of worship and the social mechanisms undertaken. The results of this study indicate that the openness and communication between elements involved in the construction of houses of worship, as well as the process of socialization became an important factor in the establishment of the church, even in places where religious worshipers became ‘minorities.’ Social mechanisms or socialization between elements involved in the construction by itself will strengthen the harmony of religious life.

The Tithe-Heresy of Friar William Russell

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Craig A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parish Churches ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
Clear And Present Danger ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church ◽  
At Will

The growth of subjectivity in the religious life of the later Middle Ages, in discipline and worship as well as doctrine, both without and within the corporation of the clergy, was an important motif in the history of the Church in England. A more personal interpretation of religious obligations affected even matters of bedrock importance to the life of the organized church, such as the duty of tithing. Of particular interest in this connection in England was the cause célèbre created in London in the 1420's by a maverick Franciscan, William Russell, who preached that under certain conditions lay persons might devote their personal tithes at will to any pious or charitable use. Russell's sermon led to his condemnation as a heretic. But the reasons for the extraordinary controversy that he stirred up become clear only when one recognizes the place of his sermon in a long dispute between the parish clergy of London and their parishoners about the precise obligation of personal tithes in the city.The prosecution of William Russell before Archbishop Henry Chichele and the Convocation of Canterbury was an odd affair and, in spite of their prolixity, its records leave unsolvable riddles for medievalists. The process against Russell comprises the longest trial in Archbishop Chichele's register—perhaps in that of any medieval Archbishop of Canterbury. Minutes of the prosecution and wordy ancillary documents fill all or parts of twenty-six folio pages of the register (fifty-two printed pages in the splendid printed edition of E.F. Jacob). Yet in reading this material one gathers hardly more than a crabbed impression of the learned proofs and literary citations that Russell mustered in defense of this teaching on personal tithes. What is most striking to a reader of this transcript is the vehemence with which Archbishop Chichele and his clergy in the Convocation prosecuted this errant friar, in whose sermon they saw a clear and present danger to the endowment of London parish churches.

Le problème des vocations religieuses en Pologne

1968 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-234
Author(s):  
Witold Zdaniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conscious Level ◽  
The Church

In the first two parts of his work, the author devotes himself to a statistical study of changes in the personnel of convents in Poland between 1945 and 1958 (number of postulants, number of professed, number leaving the religious life, lay brothers and clerics). It would appear that the number of vocations among brothers in particular is diminishing, that twice as many leave as enter and that the brothers who leave outnumber the professed threefold. In a third part, the sociological analysis attempts to grasp, at a conscious level, the motivation of vocations: for priests, it is the desire for the apostolic life which predominates; for brothers, it is of a more monastic nature: to serve God. The enquiry also reveals the social factors under the influence of which monks become aware of their vocations. The more noticeable features are: the importance of the years of primary education, the importance of the liturgy, personal example and the activity of the Church, the reputation of the chosen community. Finally, enquiry at an individual level attempts to discover the way in which vocations arise: their difficulties, the cause of 'crises'. 46 % of clerics and 43% of brothers go through a crisis in the course of their lives. The cause is to be looked for in the increasing influence of 'secular' life on the convents; this influence has a profound effect on the activity and spirituality of religious, (the practice of obedience in particular). In conclusion: 1. The statistics create the impression not so much of 'crisis' as of modification in the recruitment of religious orders, (nuns are not taken into account in this study). 2. As for spiritual 'crises': these will find no solution unless the structures of the religious life adapt and accept postulants as they are, with all the implications of their modern mentality.

scholarly journals Again ʽAgainst the Currents’: New Foreign Monograph about Nikolay Leskov

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-309
Author(s):  
Anna A. Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
General Reader ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

In a review of a monograph by a Polish researcher, an adjunct of the Department of Russian Studies at Warsaw University, M. Lukashevich, on the work of a Russian classic of the second half of the 19th century Nikolay Leskov, published by the Warsaw University Publishing House, the structure of the book is analyzed, the breadth of coverage of the material and the scientific approach, attractive for the general reader and at the same time promising, are emphasized. Lukashevich presents a broad panorama of Russian religious life in the second half of the 19th century, in the context of which, based on the objectives of the monograph, Leskov's work is considered. The author's attention is focused on the analysis of the least studied layer of Leskov's prose — his journalism. Numerous publicistic statements of the writer dedicated to topical issues of the social life of the Church are interpreted by the Polish philologist in the unity of form and content. The review describes the range of problems raised in the monograph, highlights successful and non-trivial observations of the author of the new book.

Language and writing as components of church and religious life of Christians

1998 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Tetyana Gorbachenko
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
The Church ◽  
Written Sources

A complex and controversial social phenomenon is religious and religious life. An important part of it is the preaching of the word of God based on the use of language and writing, on the basis of which sacred books and other written sources for the submission of religious cults are made. The linguistic aspect of the social significance of language and writing as part of the church and religious life of Christians is considered.

scholarly journals Again ʽAgainst the Currents’: New Foreign Monograph about Nikolay Leskov

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-309
Author(s):  
Anna A. Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
General Reader ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

In a review of a monograph by a Polish researcher, an adjunct of the Department of Russian Studies at Warsaw University, M. Lukashevich, on the work of a Russian classic of the second half of the 19th century Nikolay Leskov, published by the Warsaw University Publishing House, the structure of the book is analyzed, the breadth of coverage of the material and the scientific approach, attractive for the general reader and at the same time promising, are emphasized. Lukashevich presents a broad panorama of Russian religious life in the second half of the 19th century, in the context of which, based on the objectives of the monograph, Leskov's work is considered. The author's attention is focused on the analysis of the least studied layer of Leskov's prose — his journalism. Numerous publicistic statements of the writer dedicated to topical issues of the social life of the Church are interpreted by the Polish philologist in the unity of form and content. The review describes the range of problems raised in the monograph, highlights successful and non-trivial observations of the author of the new book.

‘Principium et origo ordinis’: the Humiliati and their origins

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Frances Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
First Person ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Church

The origins of the Humiliati have long been a subject of discussion amongst historians. In the twentieth century the first person to grapple with the problems was Antonino de Stefano, who was quickly followed by Luigi Zanoni, later by Herbert Grundmann and Ilarino da Milano, and more recently by Michele Maccarrone, Brenda Bolton, and Maria Pia Alberzoni. The modern writers have accepted de Stefano’s view that the Humiliati first emerged in northern Italy in the late twelfth century. The earliest references, dating from the 1170s, describe both a small group of lay men and women devoted to the religious life (humiliati per deum), and an association of clerics living in community at the church of San Pietro Viboldone. Although they initially sought papal approval, those who ‘falsely called themselves Humiliati’ were condemned in 1184 by Lucius III, not because they were guilty of doctrinal error but because they refused to stop preaching without authority or holding private meetings, probably also because of their rejection of oath-taking. In spite of this setback the Humiliati flourished, and by the end of the twelfth century three distinct elements were recognizable: married or single lay men and women living a religious life while remaining in their own homes, male and female monastics living in common under a rule, and clerics living in some sort of canonical communities. In June 1201 these groups were brought back into the Church under the auspices of Innocent III. He gave approval to the three groups or ‘orders’ which recent research has revealed were already distinct before curial intervention, but which were now organized into one framework along Cistercian lines. It was a fortunate decision. Although groups described as ‘Humiliati’ were expelled from Cerea in 1203 and Faenza in 1206, the Order of the Humiliati went on to enjoy spectacular success, becoming a major presence in the religious, economic, and administrative life of northern Italy in the thirteenth century.

Margaret of Cortona

The Lay Saint ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 197-241
Author(s):  
Mary Harvey Doyno
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Church

This chapter looks at the cult of Margaret of Cortona (d. 1297). Although the Roman church would not canonize Margaret of Cortona until 1728, both the community of lay penitents with whom she had lived at the church of San Basilio and Cortona's commune wasted no time in establishing, managing, and developing her cult in the generation after her death in 1297. The source that offers the most extensive account of Margaret's life in Cortona and the beginnings of her cult is the Legenda de vita et miraculis Beatae Margaritae de Cortona. This account of Margaret's life from the time she arrived in Cortona until her 1297 death was written by her Franciscan guardian and confessor, Giunta da Bevegnati, and survives in only three medieval copies. One result of Giunta's complex agenda in writing the Legenda—moving from checking Margaret's sincerity and orthodoxy to celebrating her Franciscan-identified sanctity—was the creation of a new model of an ideal lay life: the lay visionary. Giunta stakes his most powerful claims for Margaret's sanctity on the content, fervor, and results of her internal religious life.

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