Tapeworm larvae in Artemia franciscana (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the Godolphin lakes of Dubai (United Arab Emirates) throughout an annual cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sivakumar ◽  
K. Hyland ◽  
R.K. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Brine Shrimps

AbstractA total of 1840 brine shrimps (Artemia franciscana) were examined for cestode larvae at monthly intervals between November 2015 and June 2016. Of these, 663 (36.03%) specimens were infected with cysticercoids of seven cestode species in numbers between one and sixteen. During the first four months of examination, the percentage of infected shrimps was low but rose significantly with increasing temperatures in March, reaching maximum values in May. Flamingolepis liguloides and Flamingolepis flamingo showed the highest prevalence overall, at 25.3 and 10.7%, respectively. The intensity of infection was 1–10 and 1–4 cysticercoids, respectively. Eurycestus avoceti, Wardium stellorae, Gynandrotaenia stammeri, Anomotaenia tringae and Confluaria podicipina occurred at lower prevalence of 4.5, 3.2, 1.7, 0.3 and 0.05%, respectively. Up to four species were detected in one host.

Helminth communities ofNectomys squamipesnaturally infected by the exotic trematodeSchistosoma mansoniin southeastern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maldonado Júnior ◽  
R. Gentile ◽  
C.C. Fernandes-Moraes ◽  
P.S. D'Andrea ◽  
R.M. Lanfredi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Helminth Communities ◽  
Subadult Female

AbstractThe water ratNectomys squamipesis endemic in Brazil and found naturally infected withSchistosoma mansoni. Helminth communities, their prevalences, intensity of infection and abundance inN. squamipesin an endemic area of schistosomiasis in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were studied. Four species of nematodes (Physaloptera bispiculata, Syphacia venteli,Hassalstrongylus epsilonandLitomosoides chagasfilhoi) were recovered in 85.3%, two trematodes (Schistosoma mansoniandEchinostoma paraensei) in 38.8% and one cestode species (Raillietinasp.) in 1.7% of rats examined. Rats were infected with up to five helminth species each, and these were highly aggregated in distribution. ForH. epsilonandS. venteli, intensities and abundances were higher in adult male and subadult female hosts, respectively.Hassaltrongylus epsilon,P. bispiculata,S. venteliandS. mansoniwere classified as dominant species,L. chagasfilhoiandE. paraenseias co-dominant andRaillietinasp. as subordinated. No significant correlation was found in the intensity of infecton between each pair of helminth species.Schistosoma mansoniwas not related to any other helminth species according to their infection rates, althougthS. mansoniwas well established in the natural helminth comunity of the water rat.

scholarly journals Premature Myocardial Infarction in the Middle East and North Africa: Rationale for the Gulf PREVENT Study

Angiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Sagar B. Dugani ◽  
Waheed Murad ◽  
Karisamae Damilig ◽  
Jean Atos ◽  
Eshraga Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
North Africa ◽  
High Income ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has a high burden of morbidity and mortality due to premature (≤55 years in men; ≤65 years in women) myocardial infarction (MI) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Despite this, the prevalence of risk factors in patients presenting with premature MI or ACS is incompletely described. We compared lifestyle, clinical risk factors, and biomarkers associated with premature MI/ACS in the MENA region with selected non-MENA high-income countries. We identified English-language, peer-reviewed publications through PubMed (up to March 2018). We used the World Bank classification system to categorize countries. Patients with premature MI/ACS in the MENA region had a higher prevalence of smoking than older patients with MI/ACS but a lower prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Men with premature MI/ACS had a higher prevalence of smoking than women but a lower prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. The MENA region had sparse data on lifestyle, diet, psychological stress, and physical activity. To address these knowledge gaps, we initiated the ongoing Gulf Population Risks and Epidemiology of Vascular Events and Treatment (Gulf PREVENT) case–control study to improve primary and secondary prevention of premature MI in the United Arab Emirates, a high-income country in the MENA region.

Occurrence of Bunodera luciopercae (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) in Fish from Hanningfield Reservoir, Essex

1973 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wootten
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Mean Intensity

Perch, ruffe, brown trout and ten-spined stickleback from Hanningfield Reservoir, Essex were found to be infected with Bunodera luciopercae in 1968–1969. Only perch were heavily infected. B. luciopercae showed an annual cycle of occurrence and maturation in perch. Mean intensity of infection with B. luciopercae increased to a maximum in perch 15–19.9 cms in length but decreased in larger and older fish. There was a significant positive association between the presence of B. luciopercae and that of the cestode Proteocephalus percae in perch, with both parasites occurring together more often than expected from chance alone.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Colonization of the Invasive American Artemia franciscana (Crustacea: Anostraca) on Genetic Differentiation in the United Arab Emirates (Asia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Asem ◽  
Rolf Schuster ◽  
Amin Eimanifar ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Muhan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Artemia franciscana, native to America, has recently colonized non-indigenous populations in Eurasia, Mediterranean regions and Australia. In present we sought to evaluate the potential effects of colonization of A. franciscana on genetic differentiation in the new environments in UAE. We used the COI marker to determine population genetic structure and identify the origins of exotic populations in UAE. Our findings have confirmed the colonization of both localities by A. franciscana. Genetic variation of invasive A. franciscana were exclusively lower than native population in Great Salt Lake and San Francisco Bay. Results have showed the studied population could not possibly have colonized directly from natural American localities, perhaps resulting from secondary introduction events from other non-indigenous populations. Genetic analysis have yielded different demographic patterns for invasive studied populations. Al Wathba Wetland Reserve (AWWR) population have represented demographic expansion. In contrast, Godolphin Lakes (GL) population was at demographic equilibrium. Neutrality tests have documented the excess of both recent and historical mutations in the COI gene pool of invasive AWWR Artemia throughout establishment in the new environment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of helminth parasites in free-range chickens from selected rural communities in KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mukaratirwa ◽  
M.P. Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faecal Egg Count

A total of 79 chickens were randomly collected from 4 rural localities and processed to detect the presence of helminth parasites and their prevalences. Sixteen helminth species comprising 12 nematode and 4 cestode species were recorded from the 4 localities. Syngamus trachea and Cyathostoma spp. were the only helminth species recovered from the respiratory tract and the rest of the helminth species were from the gastrointestinal tract. The most prevalent nematode species across the 4 localities were Heterakis gallinarum (prevalence range 80-94.4 %), Gongylonema ingluvicola (43.3-86.7 %), Tetrameres americana (53.3-66.7 %) and Ascaridia galli (22.2-43.8 %) and for cestode species, Raillietina tetragona(16.7-40 %) and Skrijabinia cesticillus (3.3-13.3 %) were the most prevalent in that order.Heterakis gallinarum and T. americana had the highest intensity of infection in chickens acrossall the rural areas compared with other helminth species. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) observed in the sex distribution for As. galli, Baruscapillaria obsignata (syn. Capillaria obsignata), Eucoleus annulatus (syn. Capillaria annulata), Eucoleus contortus (syn. Capillaria contorta) and Subulura suctoria among the 4 rural areas. However, a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in the intensity of infection of both males and females for H. gallinarum and T. americana across the 4 localities studied. Tetrameres americana, A. galli, C. obsignata and C. annulata had prevalence and number of females higher than that of males, while H. gallinarum showed the opposite. Prevalence of H. gallinarum and T. americana as determined by faecal egg count were much lower compared with the prevalence as determined by post mortem examination, confirming the limitation of using faecal samples in determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in chickens.

Amphibiophilus versterae n.sp. and A. natalensis (Walton, 1935) (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) from Rana spp. (Anura) of southern Africa

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1510-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Dorsal Lobe ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
African Species

Amphibiophilus versterae n.sp. and A. natalensis (Walton, 1935) are described. Amphibiophilus versterae can be distinguished from the three congeneric African species by its relatively short dorsal ray of the bursa. Amphibiophilus natalensis differs from A. acanthocirratus Skrjabin, 1916 in its relatively short rays 8 and from A. chabaudi Puylaert, 1967 in the morphology of the spicules, gubernaculum, and dorsal lobe of the bursa. The cephalic end and synlophe of fourth-stage larvae of A. natalensis is similar to that of Oswaldocruzia pipiens Walton, 1929 (Molineidae). Thus a relationship between the Amphibiophilidae and Molineidae is suggested. In Natal, A. natalensis and A. versterae occur as coparasites in Rana angolensis and R. fasciata. However, A. versterae occurs with a lower prevalence and intensity of infection.

Respiration of Artemia franciscana cultured under different salinities

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona M. El-Gamal
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brine Shrimps ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Oxygen Tensions

AbstractThe available studies on oxygen consumption by Artemia related to different salinities reported contradictory results. However, most of these studies have been obtained only for newly hatched nauplii or adults, and have neglected the gradual accommodation that gives a picture about what really happens in nature. In order to face the problems noted above individuals of Artemia franciscana were acclimated to four different salinities (25 g/L, 35 g/L, 70 g/L and 120 g/L) under laboratory conditions. The oxygen consumption under declining oxygen tensions (Po 2) for each of the 19 stages in Artemia life metamorphic developments was examined. The brine shrimp under different salinities is a respiratory regulator over a wide range of Po 2's. Oxygen consumption rates varied across the salinities with a general inverse relationship in uptake rates versus salinity. The brine shrimps' individual weight significantly decreased with increasing salt concentration of the external medium. Generally, regulation of oxygen consumption improved with development. Specimens cultured under high salinities (70 g/L and 120 g/L) started the regulation earlier than low salinities, even before heart and gill formation (in stage 2) and high salinities also accelerated the development of the heart and the gut earlier than those cultured under lower salinities (stage 3 instead of 6). Later developmental stages did not perform osmotical work in the same manner as nauplii did (0-6) and oxygen consumption did not drive the ionic regulation of Artemia franciscana specimens cultured under different salinities.

scholarly journals Annual migration of Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii from the United Arab Emirates

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Launay ◽  
Olivier Combreau ◽  
Mohammed Al Bowardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Houbara Bustard ◽  
Outward Migration ◽  
Kyzyl Kum

SummaryThe Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii is a regular winter visitor from northern breeding grounds to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) but the migration routes and origin of these birds are still poorly known. Five bustards were fitted with platform transponder terminals in UAE in the winter of 1996-1997. The overall distances covered by the birds were very variable, ranging from 3,747 km to 11,938 km. The return migration date of Houbara from UAE ranged from 19 March to 2 April 1997, while the outward migration began from 10 September to 7 November 1997. The Houbara spent the summer n i different areas, namely China (north of lake Nor), Kazakhstan (Kyzyl Kum desert and north of the Aral Sea), Uzbekistan (south of the Aral Sea) and north Afghanistan. These results are the first to describe an annual cycle of migration for Houbara Bustards and should aid the development of appropriate conservation measures for this species.

scholarly journals Parasitic infections of the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778) in south -western Slovakia

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dubinský ◽  
Z. Vasilková ◽  
Z. Hurníková ◽  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
J. Slamečka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
European Brown Hare ◽  
Protozoan Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

AbstractA total of 74 European brown hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778), hunted during the winter seasons of 2006 and 2007, were examined by dissection for the presence of helminths and coprologically for protozoa. The animals came from five districts with a high population density of this species. Our results revealed 54.5 % of specimens being infected with one or more helminth species and a high prevalence of eimeriid coccidia (91.89 %). The most prevalent helminth species was Trichuris leporis (55.41 %). Lower prevalence was found for Passalurus ambiguus (12.16 %) and Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (6.76 %). The intensity of infection was low for all parasite species. As for coccidia, Eimeria semisculpta (74.35 %) and E. leporis (61.54%) were recorded in all districts. Other coccidia showed lower prevalence rates: E. robertsoni (15.38 %), E. europaea (12.82 %), E. babatica (12.82 %), E. hungarica (5.13 %) and E. towsendi (2.56 %), occurring only in some districts. The highest infection rate was observed in E. semisculpta, 7657.8 oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG). The potential effect of protozoan infection on hare mortality is discussed.

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