scholarly journals The Effect of Parboiling and Milling on the Antineuritic Vitamin (B1) and Phosphate Content of Rice

1932 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Aykroyd
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
British Guiana ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Equal Degree ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
The One

1. Highly milled parboiled rice was found to be rich in the antineuritic vitamin B1, while roughly milled raw rice was deficient. In estimating the content of vitamin B1 the method of Chick and Roscoe was used.2. Exact comparison was made of the vitamin B1 potency of two samples of rice, the one raw, the other parboiled, after similar degrees of milling. The vitamin value of the unmilled samples was equal, but when each was highly milled to an equal degree, as judged by weight of polishings removed in a hand rice mill, the parboiled sample retained the vitamin while the raw sample did not.3. Polishings from parboiled rice were found to contain less vitamin B1 than those from raw rice.4. Parboiled rice contains more P2O5 than raw rice milled to the same degree.5. It is probable that when rice is steamed in the process of parboiling, the vitamin B1 and some of the phosphate contained in the germ and pericarp diffuse through the endosperm.6. The P2O5 content of raw rice is a good index of vitamin B1 value, but in parboiled rice a low percentage of phosphate is compatible with the presence of the vitamin.Thanks are due to Miss L. M. B. Patterson who kindly made the phosphate estimations recorded in the paper. I am indebted to the Director of Agriculture, British Guiana, for a number of rice samples. The rice mill used was kindly lent by Jackson and Son, 30, Mincing Lane, E.C. 3. I am grateful to Miss Chick for her continued interest in these experiments.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Phosphine Residues in Rice

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jois R Rangaswamy ◽  
Mysore Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Closed System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Phosphine Residues

Abstract Phosphine residues were determined in 2 types of rice samples, raw polished and parboiled. The yellow chromophore due to phosphine from raw polished rice had 2 absorption maxima, a strong one at 370- 380 nm and a weaker one at 400-410 nm. The chromophore from parboiled rice also had 2, one at 390-400 nm and the other at 410-420 nm. A closed system containing rice and a phosphine tablet or powder yielded 93-99% recovery of fortified phosphine. At any given dose of phosphine, parboiled rice retained a higher amount of residue after aeration than did raw polished rice.

Can the Self Survive the Death of its Mind?

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Knox
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equal Degree ◽  
The One ◽  
Logical Sense ◽  
Two Sides

C. A. Campbell has written: ‘Almost everyone…takes it to be in principle intelligible to ask whether the self can survive the destruction of its body. But it is taken by no one to be in principle intelligible to ask whether the self can survive the destruction of its mind.’ But is it, after all, so clearly nonsense to suppose that a self can survive the destruction of its mind? This at least is the question I shall raise in this paper. The word ‘can’ in my title should thus be understood in its purely logical sense. For the question, really, is whether or not one can intelligibly speak of a self's surviving the destruction of its mind. By the term ‘self’ I refer to that which is supremely unique in what one calls ‘oneself’; to that aspect or element, in other words, which most decisively distinguishes one self-conscious individual from other such individuals. Now the self thus regarded as the source of one's uniqueness on the one hand, and the self conceived of as the source of one's inner unity on the other, would seem to be but two sides of a single coin. For whatever helps to account for an individual's being identical with itself through internal diversity—or for its being a single individual—must also help, and help in an equal degree, to account for its not being identical with any other individual—or for its being a particular individual; and the converse of this seems equally evident.

scholarly journals Diachronic changes in word probability distributions in daily press

Psihologija ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Jelena Stankovic ◽  
Aleksandar Kostic
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily News ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The One ◽  
Diachronic Changes

Changes in probability distributions of individual words and word types were investigated within two samples of daily press in the span of fifty years. Two samples of daily press were used in this study. The one derived from the Corpus of Serbian Language (CSL) /Kostic, Dj., 2001/ that covers period between 1945. and 1957. and the other derived from the Ebart Media Documentation (EBR) that was complied from seven daily news and five weekly magazines from 2002. and 2003. Each sample consisted of about 1 million words. The obtained results indicate that nouns and adjectives were more frequent in the CSL, while verbs and prepositions are more frequent in the EBR sample, suggesting a decrease of sentence length in the last five decades. Conspicuous changes in probability distribution of individual words were observed for nouns and adjectives, while minimal or no changes were observed for verbs and prepositions. Such an outcome suggests that nouns and adjectives are most susceptible to diachronic changes, while verbs and prepositions appear to be resistant to such changes.

On the action of the rays of the solar spectrum on vegetable colours

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 393-394
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Equal Degree ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Degree Of Condensation ◽  
The One

The author, having prosecuted the inquiry, the first steps of which he communicated in a paper read to the Royal Society in February 1840, relating to the effects of the solar spectrum on the colouring matter of the Viola tricolor , and on the resin of guaiacum, relates, in the present paper, the results of an extensive series of similar experiments, both on those substances, and also on a great number of vegetable colours, derived from the petals of flowers, and the leaves of various plants. In the case of the destruction of colour of the preparations of guaiacum, which takes place by the action of heat, as well as by the more refrangible rays of light, he ascertained that although the non-luminous thermic rays produce an effect, in as far as they communicate heat, they are yet incapable of effecting that peculiar chemical change which other rays, much less copiously endowed with heating power, produce in the same experiment. He also found that the discoloration produced by the less refrangible rays is much accelerated by the application of artificial terrestrial heat, whether communicated by conduction or by radiation; while, on the other hand, it is in no degree promoted by the purely thermic rays beyond the spectrum, acting under precisely similar circumstances, and in an equal degree of condensation. The author proceeds to describe, in great detail, the photographic effects produced on papers coloured by various vegetable juices, and afterwards washed with solutions of particular salts; and gives a minute account of the manipulations he employed for the purpose of imparting to paper the greatest degree of sensitiveness to the action of solar light. This action he found to be exceedingly various, both as regards its total intensity and the distribution of the active rays over the spectrum. He observed, however, that the following peculiarities obtain almost universally in the species of action exerted. First, the action is positive ; that is to say, light destroys colour, either totally, or leaving a residual tint, on which it has no further, or a very much slower action; thus effecting a sort of chromatic analysis, in which two distinct elements of colour are separated, by destroying the one and leaving the other outstanding. The older the paper, or the tincture with which it is stained, the greater is the amount of this residual tint.

scholarly journals Vitamin B1 Deficiency Does not Affect the Liver Concentrations of the Other Seven Kinds of B-Group Vitamins in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. NMI.S11749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Shibata ◽  
Atsushi Shimizu ◽  
Tsutomu Fukuwatari
Keyword(s):  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Vitamin B1 Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Group

We aimed to determine the effects of vitamin B1 deficiency on vitamin contents of urine, liver, and blood. In the current study, rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 5, each group): the first was freely fed a complete diet (ad lib-fed control group); the second freely fed a vitamin B1-free diet (vitamin B1 deficient group); and the third pair-fed a complete diet with the same amounts of the vitamin B1 deficient group (pair-fed control group). The experimental period was for 15 days. The blood concentrations of vitamin B2, PLP, vitamin B12, folic acid, and biotin were lower in the pair-fed control than in the ad lib-fed control and those of nicotinamide and pantothenic acid were the same. We conclude that Vitamin B1 deficiency did not affect concentrations of the other B-group vitamins.

Forschungsinfrastruktur und Organisationsform von Universitätsinstituten / Infrastructure of Research and the Organization of University Institutes

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Geser
Keyword(s):  
University Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Services

AbstractTwo samples of university research institutes are analysed in order to study relationships between the amount of research infrastructure (in terms of machinery and technical services) on the one hand, and the characteristics of social organization and contextual relationships on the other.In the Swiss sample, especially the variable “technical services” shows positive correlations with bureaucratization of social structure, elimination of educational functions and - especially when the institute is small - with a general tendency for contextual isolation.On the other hand, Canadian institutes seem to preserve a decentralized, “professional” organization regardless of their amount of material or social infrastructure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the ventilometric parameters of two football teams in different leagues

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Gabriel Arnăutu ◽  
Remus Datcu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Level ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
The One ◽  
Normal Potential

AbstractIntroduction: Spirometry testing is a physiological test measuring lung volume and flows. Compared to the other components of the respiratory system, training does not result into significant improvements as for the increase of the expiratory flow. The assessment of the respiratory function may indicate certain disorders of the bronchi and of the lungs, but, on the other hand, it offers little information on the aerobic capacity of the individuals or the effects of physical exercises.Aim: The purpose of this research was to study the respiratory volumes in two football teams that are part of two different leagues (2nd league, and 5th league, respectively), and to compare these results with the ones at the international level.Materials and methods: We included in this research two football teams in two different leagues (2nd league, and 5th league, respectively) and, from each team, we chose the players with the highest number of minutes spent playing throughout the championship return phase. In order to perform spirometry, we used a portable spirometer (Spirotube Spirometer, PC Spirometer). The prediction method used by the spirometer software was the one presented by the European Respiratory Society and Kudson.Results: By comparing the environments of the two groups we can see that, in terms of height and weight, the two samples present close values. According to the results recorded with the help of the spirometer, the value of the forced vital capacity (FVC = 4.50) represents 98% of the normal level, and the Expiratory volume per second FEV1 (FEV1 = 4.50) represents 97% of the normal level. Within the ASU group, the value of the forced vital capacity (FVC = 5.19) represents 95% of the normal level, and the Expiratory volume per second (FEV1 = 4.45) represents 95% of the normal level. As we can see, neither of the groups reaches the normal potential. However, the CS UVT group reaches a higher percentage than the other, although they play their matches in a lower league.Conclusions: Considering that we could not compare the types of training that the two teams had during the preparation phase, we cannot say whether such trainings had a certain effect on the subjects. Further research should be carried out in order to determine if the type of training had a beneficial effect in the case of the CS UVT group.

The Behavior of Unemployment Insurance Recipients under Adverse Market Conditions

ILR Review ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Labor Market Conditions ◽  
Reservation Wages ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
The One

This study examines the effect on job search behavior of changes in unemployment insurance (UI) provisions and in labor market conditions. There are good reasons for assuming, on the one hand, that more generous benefits prolong job search and, on the other hand, that an increase in the rate of unemployment causes recipients to reduce reservation wages and thus shorten their job search. Previous studies have not resolved which of these tendencies will prevail in case of a conflict. The evidence from two samples of recipients in Maine during the period 1974 – 76, when a significant increase occurred in both the rate of unemployment and the maximum weeks of potential receipt of UI, indicates that the effect of increased unemployment offsets the effect of increased benefits. The author concludes that extended benefit programs during periods of high unemployment do not cause recipients to ignore the realities of the market.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Principal Axis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
The One ◽  
Armed Services ◽  
Principal Axis Factor

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns (SLODR) with regard to age was tested in two different databases from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The first database consisted of 6,980 boys and girls aged 12–16 from the 1997 cohort ( NLSY 1997 ). The subjects were tested with a computer-administered adaptive format (CAT) of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) consisting of 12 subtests. The second database consisted of 11,448 male and female subjects aged 15–24 from the 1979 cohort ( NLSY 1979 ). These subjects were tested with the older 10-subtest version of the ASVAB. The hypothesis was tested by dividing the sample into Young and Old age groups while keeping IQ fairly constant by a method similar to the one developed and employed by Deary et al. (1996) . The different age groups were subsequently factor-analyzed separately. The eigenvalue of the first principal component (PC1) and the first principal axis factor (PAF1), and the average intercorrelation of the subtests were used as estimates of the g saturation and compared across groups. There were no significant differences in the g saturation across age groups for any of the two samples, thereby pointing to no support for this aspect of Spearman's “Law of Diminishing Returns.”

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