The Dilemmas of Male Consumption in Nineteenth-Century Argentina: Fashion, Consumerism, and Darwinism in Domingo Sarmiento and Juan B. Alberdi

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-795
Author(s):  
ADRIANA NOVOA
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Darwinian Revolution ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article explores how the relationship between luxury, consumption and gender in Argentina changed in response to the introduction of Darwinian ideas. Ideas surrounding consumerism were transformed by the 1870s, influenced by a scientific revolution that gave new meaning to gender categories. The introduction of Darwinism at a time of extreme ideological confusion about how to organise the nation only enhanced the perceived dangers about how economic changes and the expansion of markets would affect elites' ability to govern. The article focuses specifically on changing perceptions of gender and consumerism between 1830 and 1880, paying particular attention to the work of two of the most important intellectuals of the Generación del '37, Juan B. Alberdi and Domingo F. Sarmiento. By closely examining their reflections on the expansion of markets and accumulation of luxury goods, it reveals the nature of the cultural changes introduced by the Darwinian revolution.

Inconspicuous Luxury Consumption

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Aslı Tolunay Kuşçu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Luxury Brand ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Luxury Products

With luxury consumption still growing fast despite various challenges such as increasing competition, rise in rental luxuries, and in counterfeits, luxury brands are challenged with an additional and complex development: consumers' interest towards inconspicuous luxury products. Being one of the major characteristics of luxury goods, conspicuousness is losing its value among some luxury shoppers necessitating a new definition for luxury and a new value proposition for luxury brands. This chapter initially provides a review on luxury and on the different motivations that determine luxury consumption. Next, socio-economic changes that trigger the shift from conspicuous to inconspicuous luxury consumption is examined briefly. And finally, a discussion on why inconspicuous consumption is valued by consumers is followed by a theoretical framework on the motivations for inconspicuous luxury brand usage. The chapter then concludes with theoretical and managerial implications.

scholarly journals Republican Relicts: Gender, Memory, and Mourning in Irish Nationalist Culture, ca. 1798–1848

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-637
Author(s):  
Catriona Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Irish Studies ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Memory ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn the past two decades, remembrance has emerged as one of the dominant preoccupations in Irish historical scholarship. There has, however, been little sustained analysis of the relationship between gender and memory in Irish studies, and gender remains under-theorized in memory studies more broadly. Yet one of the striking aspects of nineteenth-century commemorations of the 1798 and 1803 rebellions is the relatively prominent role accorded to women and, in particular, Sarah Curran, Pamela Fitzgerald, and Matilda Tone, the widows of three of the most celebrated United Irish “martyrs.” By analyzing the mnemonic functions these female figures performed in nineteenth-century Irish nationalist discourse, this article offers a case study of the circumstances in which women may be incorporated into, rather than excluded, from national memory cultures. This incorporation, it is argued, had much to do with the fraught political context in which the 1798 rebellion and its leaders were memorialized. As the remembrance of the rebellion in the first half of the nineteenth century assumed a covert character, conventionally gendered distinctions between private grief and public remembrance, intimate histories and heroic reputations, and family genealogy and public biography became blurred so as to foreground women and the female mourner.

The War against Catholicism: Liberalism and the Anti-Catholic Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Germany. By Michael B. Gross. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press. 2004. Pp. 376. $70.00 (cloth); $24.95 (paper). ISBN 0-472-11383-6 (cloth); 0-472-03130-9 (paper).

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Siegfried Weichlein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, a growing literature on nationalism has highlighted cultural and gender topics. At the same time, religion, most prominently Catholicism, has attracted the intellectual energy of more and more scholars. To date, however, the relationship between nationalism and religion has been undervalued. Helmut Walser Smith's study German Nationalism and Religious Conflict was one of the first to relate religious conflict to the character of German nationalism. Michael B. Gross now analyzes the relationship between German liberalism and religion.

The Sexual Politics of Nature Writing and Lepidoptery: ‘The siren song of entomology’

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-153
Author(s):  
Danielle Sands
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Nature Writing ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Ethical Awareness ◽  
Objectification Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Politics Of Nature ◽  
The Relationship

Arguing that the discourse of insect collecting is one of objectification and domination, and that entomological classification and practices continue to reflect concerns about sex and gender which were present in its eighteenth- and nineteenth-century instantiations, this chapter aligns the objectification of women with that of insects. It interrogates the notion of aesthetic disinterestedness as licence for such objectification, asking whether aesthetic disinterestedness permits an empathetic disengagement which, at its worst, leads to a sociopathic lack of ethical awareness. The chapter has three parts, focusing on John Fowles’s The Collector, insects (particularly butterflies and moths) in contemporary nature writing and, finally, the role of lepidoptery in the fiction of Vladimir Nabokov. The closing section examines the relationship between ethics and aesthetics, appealing to the simultaneous necessity of both cross-species empathetic engagement and of a distancing that is alert to its own subjective positioning.

Fucking the Body, Rewriting the Text: Proto-Queer Embodiment through Textual Drag in Virginia Woolf's Orlando (1928) and Monique Wittig's Le Corps lesbien (1973)

Paragraph ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-316
Author(s):  
Kayte Stokoe
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Interaction ◽  
Gender Fluidity ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Lesbian Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Romance Narratives

Inspired by Judith Butler's conceptualization of drag as ‘gender parody’, I develop the conceptual frame of ‘textual drag’ in order to define and examine the relationship between parody, satire and gender. I test this frame by reading two seminal feminist works, Virginia Woolf's Orlando (1928) and Monique Wittig's Le Corps lesbien (The Lesbian Body) (1973). Both texts lend themselves particularly persuasively to analysis with this frame, as they each use parodic strategies to facilitate proto-queer satirical critiques of reductive gender norms. Orlando deploys an exaggerated nineteenth-century biographical style, which foregrounds the protagonist's gender fluidity and her developing critique of the norms and systems that surround her, while Le Corps lesbien rewrites canonical romance narratives from a lesbian perspective, challenging the heterosexism inherent in these narratives and providing new modes of thinking about gender, desire and sexual interaction.

The Psychic Chaitanya: Global Occult and Vaishnavism in Fin de Siècle Bengal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-29
Author(s):  
Varuni Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article explores the intersections between Spiritualism, Mesmerism, and Bengali Vaishnavism in fin de siècle Bengal through the experiments in spirit communication conducted by the Ghosh family of Amrita Bazar Patrika Press fame. As a result of these engagements, the Amrita Bazar Patrika group proposed a novel understanding of Krishna Chaitanya/Gauranga (1486–1533) as a psychic who was able to channelize God through his unique powers of mediumship. It contributes to a nascent but growing body of scholarship around the relationship between religious modernity in colonial India and transnational occult networks. The article is written in three parts: part one discusses transnational occult networks crisscrossing Calcutta in the mid-to-late nineteenth century, with a focus on Theosophy and Spiritualism. It explores the initial goodwill between Madame Blavatsky and Sishir Kumar Ghosh, which dissipated later. The second part focuses on the Ghosh family séance, with the aim of parsing out how traditional and popular Bengali ‘ghosts’ were incorporated into a spectrum of occult knowledge about ‘higher’ spirits. This section also brings to light the caste and gender relationships exposed during séances held in the Ghosh family circle. Part three singles out the image of the ‘psychic Chaitanya’ from the pages of the Hindu Spiritual Magazine to bring into focus interactions between Yoga and occult in the context of the development of modern Bengali Vaishnavism.

scholarly journals Vincas Kudirka’s Concept of Lithuania

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Vytautas Merkys
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
External Factors ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Revival Movement ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

The vision of Lithuania presented by Vincas Kudirka (1858-1899), a prominent leader of the Lithuanian national revival movement, was conditioned by radical social, national, political and cultural changes in Eastern and Central Europe at the end of the nineteenth century. Being subjected to the above-mentioned processes, Kudirka’s concept of Lithuania was not unchanging. Interpreting Kudirka’ s own ‘confession’ too literally, historians, literary historians and writers of reminiscences tended to simplify the changes of Kudirka’s viewpoints, especially dealing with his allegedly sudden Lithuanian transformation. A closer analysis of the relationship between the external factors and the personal attitudes of this outstanding public figure reveals his gradual conversion to and development of national consciousness, as well as the motivation of his active involvement in the Lithuanian national movement and in the struggle against the Russification and Polonization of his people. The changes in Kudirka’s viewpoints towards the role of various social layers of Lithuania in different periods are also dealt with in this study.

scholarly journals Mobility Practices and Gender Contracts: Changes in Gender Relations in Coastal Areas of Norway's High North

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01-02) ◽  
pp. 91-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Gerrard
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The European Union ◽  
World War ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This article addresses the relationship between gender contracts and mobility practices in fishery communities of Norway’s High North, mainly Skarsvåg, Finnmark. By combining perspectives from gender research, anthropology and geography, the aim of this article is to contribute to a greater understanding of the interrelations between structural, material, and cultural changes in the context of a small-scale coastal fishing environment. My main question is whether changes in mobility practices, related to restructuring of the fisheries by means of a quota-system, Norway’s agreement with the European Union (EEA) and other changes in the Norwegian context, have had impacts on gender contracts and in what way. Emphasis lies on the period after World War II and until today. The data collection are based on a lifelong engagement on gender questions in fishery villages, reading newspapers and using registers as well as interviews and participant observation through several research projects.

Victor Capoul, Marguerite Olagnier's "Le Saïs", and the Arousing of Female Desire

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Henson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Work ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Female Desire ◽  
French Opera ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Historical Basis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

We tend to think of exoticism in late nineteenth-century French opera as a very male-oriented phenomenon: as "cultural work" carried out mainly by men and for the male spectator's pleasure. This article takes as its starting point a rather different configuration of opera, exoticism, and gender issues, exploring the possibility of a form of French operatic exoticism aimed at the fantasies and desires of women. In particular, the article focuses on a now wholly forgotten work, Marguerite Olagnier's Le Saïs (1881), and on the role in this and other operas of Victor Capoul, an Opéra-Comique tenor once celebrated not only for his vocal and dramatic skills, but also for his popularity with female listeners. In addition to providing a firm historical basis from which to begin theorizing about the relationship between exoticism and the late nineteenth-century female listener, the case of Capoul and Le Saïs reveals how operatic men, even the most high-voiced and seemingly effeminate, can be as complexly compelling-and even as liberating-for women as recent critics have argued for sopranos and "queer" listeners.

Icon of fashion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Chaplin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Film Genres ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Way

Fashion is ubiquitous in the depiction of la Parisienne and demonstrates perhaps better than any other motif the variations within the type. These variations are reflected in the eclectic array of film genres in which a fashionable Parisienne appears. The association of la Parisienne with fashion can be traced back to the nineteenth century, when the image of the chic Parisienne was first exported, both throughout France and abroad, as an ambassador for French luxury goods and style. The relationship between la Parisienne and fashion is perpetuated in cinema primarily through the way the type is costumed, but also includes extra-cinematic considerations such as the actress/couturier relationship and the way a certain look, designed or self-styled, was achieved and marketed. Costume forms an integral part of the mise en scène in Parisienne films and has three primary functions: it denotes the elegance of the Parisienne, aids in periodising a film, and provides meaning beyond denotation by referencing a pre-existing iconography. The films examined in this chapter are: Jules Dassin’s Reunion in France, Stanley Donen’s Funny Face(1956), Vincente Minnelli’s Gigi, (1958), Roman Polanski’s Frantic (1988), François Ozon’s 8 femmes (2001) and Jean-Luc Godard’s A bout de souffle(1960).

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