Comparing the Received Pronunciation of J. R. Firth and Daniel Jones: A sociophonetic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-400
Author(s):  
Joanna Przedlacka ◽  
Michael Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vowel Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Received Pronunciation ◽  
Internal Variation

This study focuses on a corpus assembled from commercial recordings of 1929 and 1932 featuring the two British linguists J. R. Firth (1890–1960) and Daniel Jones (1881–1967). The aim is to analyse and quantify differences in the Received Pronunciation (RP) used by the two men, in relation to sociolinguistic and stylistic variation within RP of the period. A systematic acoustic analysis reveals that whereas the vowel systems of the two speakers are closely similar in most respects, there are significant differences in the realizations of the trap, price and dress qualities. We show that each of these has a well-documented history of variation in RP, and find that in each case Firth is employing the higher-class or more prestigious variant, which is a reversal of expectations based on what is known about the social and regional origins of the two. We consider the possible roles of social background, avoidance of regional features and hypercorrection. The outcomes of our work are (i) an illustration of RP used in the interwar period for the purposes of teaching English as a foreign language, (ii) empirical evidence for internal variation within the accent, (iii) additional insights into the stylistic and social correlates of this variation, and (iv) a demonstration that satisfactory formant analyses can be conducted with recordings from as early as the 1920s. Overall, it is hoped that this case-study will both throw light on the ‘standard’ accent of the era and inspire further sociophonetic investigations with legacy recordings.

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

Tusslers, Beatdowns, and Brothers: A Sociohistorical Overview of Video Game Arcades and theStreet FighterCommunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 742-762
Author(s):  
Michael Ryan Skolnik ◽  
Steven Conway
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Moral Panics ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Historical Movement

Alongside their material dimensions, video game arcades were simultaneously metaphysical spaces where participants negotiated social and cultural convention, thus contributing to identity formation and performance within game culture. While physical arcade spaces have receded in number, the metaphysical elements of the arcades persist. We examine the historical conditions around the establishment of so-called arcade culture, taking into account the history of public entertainment spaces, such as pool halls, coin-operated entertainment technologies, video games, and the demographic and economic conditions during the arcade’s peak popularity, which are historically connected to the advent of bachelor subculture. Drawing on these complementary histories, we examine the social and historical movement of arcades and arcade culture, focusing upon the Street Fighter series and the fighting game community (FGC). Through this case study, we argue that moral panics concerning arcades, processes of cultural norm selection, technological shifts, and the demographic peculiarities of arcade culture all contributed to its current decline and discuss how they affect the contemporary FGC.

The Social Background of Political Liberty in the Early Italian Renaissance

1960 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-451
Author(s):  
Hans Baron
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian City ◽  
City States ◽  
Revolutionary Period

An attempt at a synopsis of Mr. Becker's and Mr. Hicks' findings requires an enlargement of focus. They have much in common in their approaches: both are sympathetic to reactions in Italian scholarship against a school which had conceived the history of the Italian city-states chiefly in terms of social clashes caused by antagonistic economic class interests. About 1900 that had been the perspective shared by most students. During the late 13th century (it was then argued), the half-chivalric magnati, owners of landed property, were replaced by the capitalistic merchants and industrialists of the arti maggiori; these, in turn, by the middle of the 14th century were followed by the artisans of the arti minori who, for a short revolutionary period in 1378, opened the door for the laborers of the great textile industries, the Ciompi. After class struggle had thus sapped the public spirit, Florence and other cities were ripe for the heavy, but pacifying hand of despotism.

scholarly journals IT’S ALIVE: an exploration of contemporary poetry in the digital age using Rupi Kaur as a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lysle Hood
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Contemporary Poetry ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Research Questions

In the digital age, technology and digital media shapes virtually every aspect of our lives. Poetry, which has seen a surprising revival in recent years, is no exception. One of the most popular contemporary poets today is Rupi Kaur, made famous for her verse posted on the social media platform Instagram. This MRP seeks to answer the following research questions: 1) In what ways has the digital age effected contemporary poetry? 2) What role has digital media played in shaping the success and formal elements of Rupi Kaur’s body of work? This MRP begins by offering a brief history of poetry’s relationship with media and an account of how poetry is produced and consumed in the digital age. The core of the MRP is a case study of contemporary Insta-poet Rupi Kaur. Through qualitative visual and textual analysis, the case study considers: 1) Kaur’s poetry, 2) her Instagram content, 3) her readership, and 4) the criticisms of her work. As to the discussion, the analysis of the four categories reveals

scholarly journals Polylinguism and multiculturalism in the communication and educational space

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lipai ◽  
Evgeniya Khinevich
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Material

The problems of the relationship between language and society attract the attention of researchers from different countries representing various scientific areas: philosophy, history, biology, linguistics, theology, pedagogy, psychology, etc. This study actualizes the sociological approach to the study of the social determinants of the formation of polylingualism as a means of professional communication. According to the sociological results, about 70% of the world's population, to one degree or another, speaks two or more languages, which imposes additional obligations on workers providing international professional communications (Beacco, 2002). Modern multilingual interaction should not be one-sidedly understood only as a borrowing of professional foreign language terminology. It includes the social background of the linguistic material: traditions, mimic and pantomimic codes, the national picture of the world - and becomes the most important factor in professionalization. Methods of systemic and functional analysis, comparison. generalization and collection of empirical data (expert interviews, content analysis).

Consular Representation in an Emerging State: The Case of Norway

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvard Leira ◽  
Iver Neumann
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive History ◽  
History Of Diplomacy

AbstractThe consular institution has regularly been viewed by academics and practitioners alike as the poor sibling of diplomacy: as a career sidetrack or tour of duty for aspiring ambassadors; and as an example devoid of all the intrigue and politics by historians and theoreticians of diplomacy. Through a detailed case study of the emergence and development of consular representation in Norway, this article demonstrates that any comprehensive history of diplomacy must include a history of the consular institution; that the history of the consular institution is nevertheless not reducible to a history of diplomacy; and that studying the consular institution offers up fresh perspectives on the social practices of representation and state formation.

STUDI PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF PADA LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT NAHDLATUL ULAMA KABUPATEN LAMONGAN

AKADEMIKA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh. Ah. Subhan ZA ◽  
Akmalur Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama

The purpose of zakat to develop the social economic value of society is difficult to materialize if there is no active role of zakat managers (amil) who are required to be professional and innovative in managing zakat funds. The main function of the amil zakat institution lies in the activities of collecting, distributing, and utilizing zakat. The activity of collecting zakat in the history of Islam, is an activity or effort of amil in collecting zakat by picking up or taking from the place of amil. In addition to taking zakat, the amils who are in charge of taking zakat must also pray for those who pay zakat.This study aims to determine the implementation of productive zakat fund management and empowerment of the poor on zakat funds that are given by LAIZSNU Lamongan. By using the case study method, so as to be able to photograph how LAZISNU Lamongan's performance is in managing productive zakat funds . Lazisnu Lamongan has 3 zakat distribution programs, namely humanitarian, health and economic assistance. The mustahik empowerment program is included in the economic assistance program.

scholarly journals Municipio y crédito en el Aragón moderno : el endeudamiento censal del concejo darocense (siglos XVI-XVII)

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Mateos Royo
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Town Council ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Town

Este artículo analiza la situación financiera de los municipios en Aragón durante los siglos XVI y XVII a través de un ejemplo concreto: el Concejo de Daroca. El constante recurso al crédito generó un creciente endeudamiento que provocó su bancarrota durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII. El estudio muestra la evolución de este proceso de endeudamiento y sus causas. Establece asimismo la extracción social de los acreedores del Concejo y las principales decisiones municipales sobre el tema.This paper studies the financial situation of Town Counciis in Aragón during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries through a case study: the Daroca Town Council. Accumulating loans led to a progressive increase of debts, therefore municipal finances fell into bankrupcy during the second half of the seventeenth century. The research shows the evolution of this indebtedness process and its reasons. The paper also explores the social background of the Town CouncH's creditors and the main decisions by municipal authorities about this matter.

scholarly journals THE PRESERVATION OF CROSBY HALL, c. 1830–1850

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSEMARY SWEET
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Richard Iii ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Fifteenth

ABSTRACTThis article offers a case-study of an early preservation campaign to save the remains of the fifteenth-century Crosby Hall in Bishopsgate, London, threatened with demolition in 1830, in a period before the emergence of national bodies dedicated to the preservation of historic monuments. It is an unusual and early example of a successful campaign to save a secular building. The reasons why the Hall's fate attracted the interest of antiquaries, architects, and campaigners are analysed in the context of the emergence of historical awareness of the domestic architecture of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, as well as wider recognition of the importance of this period for Britain's urban and commercial development. The Hall's associations with Richard III and other historic figures, including Thomas More and Thomas Gresham, are shown to have been particularly important in generating wider public interest, thereby allowing the campaigners to articulate the importance of the Hall in national terms. The history of Crosby Hall illuminates how a discourse of national heritage emerged from the inherited tradition of eighteenth-century antiquarianism and highlights the importance of the social, professional, and familial networks that sustained proactive attempts to preserve the nation's monuments and antiquities.

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