COI variation in Scandinavian marine species of Tubificoides (Annelida: Clitellata: Tubificidae)

Intra- and interspecific variation in a 658 bp long part of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene of the mitochondrial genome, i.e. a suggested ‘DNA barcode’, was assessed in four north-west European species of the marine tubificid genus Tubificoides: T. benedii, T. amplivasatus, T. heterochaetus and T. kozloffi. Within species mean genetic distance was from 0.10% (T. amplivasatus) to 0.14% (T. benedii), between species from 19.3% to 22.9%. For T. benedii and T. amplivasatus, material collected in two separate areas, The Sound between Denmark and Sweden, and the Koster area about 330 km to the north along the Swedish west coast, showed a geographically random distribution of COI haplotypes, suggesting that each of these two species forms a continuous population in southern Scandinavia. We conclude that the COI gene is suitable as a barcode marker for the secure identification of these species, at least within the area investigated. Tubificoides heterochaetus is reported for the first time from Denmark.

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A review of Norwegian streptaster-bearing Astrophorida (Porifera: Demospongiae: Tetractinellida), new records and a new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3253.1.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3253 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

PACO CÁRDENAS ◽

HANS TORE RAPP

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome C ◽

Coi Gene ◽

East Atlantic ◽

North West ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

New Material ◽

Distinct Morphology ◽

Partial Fragment ◽

A New Species

We report and describe new material of streptaster-bearing Astrophorida sponges collected in Norway: Characellapachastrelloides, Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov., Poecillastra compressa, Vulcanella cf. aberrans, Thenea abyssorum,Thenea levis, Thenea muricata and Thenea valdiviae. Because many of these species were described in the end of the 19thcentury their original descriptions are often incomplete. The Norwegian specimens are the basis for a revision of themorphology, taxonomy and distribution of these species. These are the first records of C. pachastrelloides and V. cf.aberrans from the Norwegian coast. Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov. differs from Pachastrella monilifera by (i) its knobbysurface and (ii) the absence of large oxeas, (iii) its amphiasters have on average less actines and are less spiny, finally (iv)microxeas are rare and with a distinct morphology (although there is some doubt concerning their origin). In the presentstudy, Characella tuberosa (from South Africa), Pachastrella abyssi (from the North-West Atlantic) and Thenea schmidti(from the North-East Atlantic) are resurrected. To help their future identifications, all the Norwegian species describedwere associated with DNA barcodes: a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene partial fragment and/or a 28S ribosomalgene partial fragment (C1–D2 domains). Furthermore, a key to the streptaster-bearing Astrophorida of the North-East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea is also given (lithistids not included).Nous signalons la présence et décrivons des spécimens d’Astrophorida à streptasters nouvellement récoltés en Norvège:Characella pachastrelloides, Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov., Poecillastra compressa, Vulcanella cf. aberrans, Theneaabyssorum, Thenea levis, Thenea muricata et Thenea valdiviae. Plusieurs de ces espèces ont été décrites de manièreincomplète à la fin du 19ème siècle. Les spécimens norvégiens sont l’occasion de réviser la morphologie, la taxonomie etla distribution de ces espèces. C’est la première fois que C. pachastrelloides et V. cf. aberrans sont mentionnés sur la côtenorvégienne. Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov. se distingue de Pachastrella monilifera par (i) sa surface noduleuse et (ii)l’absence de grands oxes, (iii) ses amphiasters ont en moyenne moins d’actines et sont moins épineux, enfin (iv) lesmicroxes sont rares et ont une morphologie distincte (bien qu’il y ait encore des doutes sur leur origine). Au cours de notreétude, Characella tuberosa (d’Afrique du Sud), Pachastrella abyssi (de l’Atlantique Nord-Ouest) et Thenea schmidti (del’Atlantique Nord-Est) sont ressuscités. Afin d’aider leurs identifications futures, toutes les espèces de Norvège décritesont été associées à des code-barres moléculaires: un fragment partiel du gène de la sous-unité I du cytochrome c oxydase(COI) et/ou un fragment partiel du gène ribosomique 28S (domaines C1-D2). De plus, une clé pour identifier les Astrophorida à streptasters de l’Atlantique Nord-Est et de Méditerrannée est également fournie (lithistides non inclus).

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Expelling demons at Nineveh: The visibility of benevolent demons in the palaces of Nineveh

Iraq ◽

10.1017/s0021088900001674 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

pp. 83-92

Author(s):

Tallay Ornan

Keyword(s):

Ninth Century ◽

Present Contribution ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Recent Scholarship ◽

History Of Art ◽

Religious Subject ◽

History Of ◽

Historical Themes ◽

First Time

As has been shown and extensively dealt with in early and more recent scholarship, Neo-Assyrian palatial wall reliefs went through many thematic changes throughout their two hundred and fifty years of existence. One of their conspicuous traits was a gradual abandoning of magical-religious subject matters, represented by protective supernatural beings, in favour of larger and more detailed historical compositions — mostly of a belligerent nature — revealing, for the first time in antiquity, a truer sense of narrative display. As the narrative-historical themes were rightly considered to be an innovative and prominent contribution of Assyrian imagery to the history of art, extensive efforts have been devoted to the study of these compositions within the context of Assyrian palaces.In the present contribution I intend, however, to concentrate on the “losing” side of Assyrian palatial decoration, namely to focus on the visibility of apotropaic fantastic creatures rendered on wall reliefs and to offer some explanation for their gradual expulsion from the pictorial display of the Assyrian palace. Following Porada, in this essay these hybrids are called demons, in accordance with the Greek term daimon. Benevolent demons appear already in early ninth-century Neo-Assyrian wall reliefs, both in temples, as shown by a small number of slabs from the Ninurta Temple at Nimrud, and much more commonly in palaces, in particular within the North-West Palace.

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Report on four deep-water barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) from the north west Pacific, with remarks on Trianguloscalpellum regium (Wyville-Thomson, 1873)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4565.2.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4565 (2) ◽

pp. 201 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ZHIBIN GAN ◽

XINZHENG LI

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Deep Water ◽

Mariana Trench ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Deep Water Species ◽

First Time ◽

Distribution Record ◽

Water Species ◽

New Distribution

Four deep-water species of stalked barnacles were collected by the manned submersibles Jiaolong and Shenhaiyongshi during recent expeditions. Trianguloscalpellum regium (Wyville-Thomson, 1873), collected from the Mariana Trench at a depth of 5,462 m, represents a new distribution record. Glyptelasma gigas (Annandale, 1916), Poecilasma litum Pilsbry, 1907 and Poecilasma obliqua Hoek, 1907, collected from the South China Sea, are recorded for the first time from a mud volcano environment. Detailed photographs of these four species are presented and their partial sequences of 16S rRNA and mt COI genes are provided.

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Climate change and the adoption of agriculture in north-west Europe

European Journal of Archaeology ◽

10.1179/eja.2002.5.1.9 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 9-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Clive Bonsall ◽

Mark G. Macklin ◽

David E. Anderson ◽

Robert W. Payton

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Agricultural Expansion ◽

British Isles ◽

Agricultural Frontier ◽

North West ◽

Long Period ◽

Northern France ◽

The North ◽

Northern Poland ◽

Southern Scandinavia

Farming can be shown to have spread very rapidly across the British Isles and southern Scandinavia around 6000 years ago, following a long period of stasis when the agricultural ‘frontier’ lay further south on the North European Plain between northern France and northern Poland. The reasons for the delay in the adoption of agriculture on the north-west fringe of Europe have been debated by archaeologists for decades. Here, we present fresh evidence that this renewed phase of agricultural expansion was triggered by a significant change in climate. This finding may also have implications for understanding the timing of the expansion of farming into some upland areas of southern and mid-latitude Europe.

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Molecular barcoding of north-east Atlantic deep-water sharks: species identification and application to fisheries management and conservation

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf07192 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 214 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Teresa Moura ◽

Mónica C. Silva ◽

Ivone Figueiredo ◽

Ana Neves ◽

Pablo Durán Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Water ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Shark Species ◽

Identification Problems ◽

East Atlantic ◽

Molecular Barcoding ◽

North East ◽

The North

Two genera of elasmobranchii, Centrophorus and Centroscymnus, include species that represent the highest landings of deep-water sharks caught by fishing fleets operating in the north-east Atlantic. There are morphology-based identification problems among and within genera, and landings of processed shark products further prevent an objective assessment of these species. The present study is the first attempt to test the suitability of using a DNA barcode approach to discriminate accurately among the four most important commercial deep-water shark species: Centrophorus squamosus, Centrophorus granulosus, Centroscymnus coelolepis and, recently discovered in Portuguese ports, Centroscymnus owstoni. Sequence analyses of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene revealed low levels of haplotypic and genetic diversities. Higher levels of inter-specific relative to intra-specific divergences allowed discrimination among species, which form reciprocally monophyletic clades. Inclusion of published COI sequences from other species within the same genera revealed haplotype sharing among species, which calls into question the current taxonomy and accuracy of fisheries data available. Amplification of the COI gene coupled with MboI restriction digests was found to be a fast and inexpensive strategy to resolve within genera identification problems. Molecular barcoding constitutes a critical tool for the assessment and implementation of urgent management policies for this group of species.

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XXIV.—The History of Malmesbury as a Village Community

Archaeologia ◽

10.1017/s0261340900007384 ◽

1887 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 421-438

Author(s):

G.L. Gomme

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Social Group ◽

Western Europe ◽

North West ◽

Village Community ◽

The North ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

In the north-west of Wilts is a district which contains some remarkable reminiscences of the two dominant races who have influenced the history of this country. In tracing out the history of this district, as it has come down to us by the traditions and records of early chronicle writers, we arrive at an important epoch when for the first time is brought into strongly marked prominence the outline of the community which had settled there. This community, known to us later under the local name of Malmesbury, is one of the most perfect types of the primitive village which has survived in England, and to the elucidation of its chief characteristics it is proposed to devote some little attention. Keeping before us the outline made known from early records we shall see how this is gradually filled in from facts, which though gleaned from later and modern records, are nevertheless stamped as belonging to the earliest stages of history. And when this local mosaic is completely pieced in we shall be able, I think, to satisfy ourselves that what has so persistently clung to locality in later days originally belonged to a social group, types of which are still to be found in Eastern Europe and India, where society is in a state of arrested progress and has not advanced along the lines which mark its development in Western Europe.

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Investigation on the Occurrence of Aedes Species in Borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan for Control of Arboviral Diseases

Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases ◽

10.18502/jad.v13i2.1245 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Eslam Moradi-Asl ◽

Hassan Vatandoost ◽

Davod Adham ◽

Daryosh Emdadi ◽

Hassan Moosa-Kazemi

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Aedes Mosquitoes ◽

Arboviral Diseases ◽

First Time ◽

North Western

Background: To investigate the diversity of the genus Aedes present in the natural areas of Ardabil Province, north-west of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from Apr to Oct 2016 in North-western of Iran. Thirty-three areas of 10 cities which are border areas were selected randomly. The larvae were collected 2 times in each month during the seasonal activities of mosquitoes and the larvae were identified morphologically according to the appropriate identification keys. Results: Overall, 694 larvae were collected from four counties, from which only 7.2% were Aedes larvae. Three species of Aedes were identified which include Ae. caspius, Ae. vexans and Ae. flavescens. Aedes flavescens is reported from Ardabil Province for the first time. Conclusion: Aedes species were a high density in borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan. Therefore, the north parts of Ardabil Province are a suitable habitat for Aedes species mosquitoes. Care should be taken for vector control in the case of occurrence of any arboviruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.

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A range extension of Gentiana capitata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don subsp. harwanensis (G.Singh) Halda (Gentianaceae) to Ladakh Trans-Himalaya, India

Check List ◽

10.15560/15.1.105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 105-108

Author(s):

Mohd Shabir ◽

Anzar A. Khuroo ◽

Priyanka Agnihotri ◽

Jay Krishan Tiwari ◽

Tariq Hussain

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Western Himalaya ◽

Range Extension ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Biogeographic Region ◽

First Time

We collected Gentiana capitata subsp. harwanensis for the first time from Suru valley in Kargil district of Ladakh region, India, and thus extend this subspecies’ geographic distribution to the Trans-Himalayan biogeographic region. This subspecies is endemic to India and so far recorded from the North-west and Western Himalaya of India.

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Young Criminal Lives: Life Courses and Life Chances from 1850

10.1093/oso/9780198788492.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Barry Godfrey ◽

Pamela Cox ◽

Heather Shore ◽

Zoe Alker

Keyword(s):

Institutional Care ◽

Digital Data ◽

North West ◽

Life Chances ◽

The North ◽

Biographical Research ◽

Industrial Schools ◽

The Uk ◽

Early English ◽

First Time

Young Criminal Lives is the first cradle-to-grave study of the experiences of some of the thousands of delinquent, ‘difficult’, and destitute children passing through the early English juvenile industrial school and reformatory system. Applying biographical research methodologies to digital data, we have reconstructed the lives, families, and neighbourhoods of 500 children who were sent to reformatory and industrial schools in the north-west of England from courts around the UK over a fifty-year period from the 1860s onwards. For the first time, we have been able to follow these children on their journey in and out of institutional care, and then though to their adulthood and old age. We centre on institutions celebrated in this period for their pioneering approaches to child welfare and others that were investigated for cruelty and scandal. Both were typical of the new kind of state-certified provision offered, from the 1850s onwards, to children who had committed criminal acts, or who were considered ‘vulnerable’ to predation, poverty, and the ‘inheritance’ of criminal dispositions.

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A survey of entomopathogenic nematodes of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae (Nematoda: Rhabditida) in the north-west of Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854108x398453 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 107-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Naser Eivazian Kary ◽

Gholamreza Niknam ◽

Seyed Abolgasem Mohammadi ◽

Christine Griffin ◽

Mohammad Moghaddam

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽

Common Species ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽

Steinernema Feltiae ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

First Time

AbstractDuring 2002-2004, a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes was conducted for the first time in Iran throughout the three provinces in the north-west of the country. Soil samples were tested for the presence of steinernematid and heterorhabditid nematodes by baiting with Galleria mellonella larvae. Of the 833 soil samples studied 27 were positive for entomopathogenic nematodes (3.2%), with 17 (2.0%) containing Heterorhabditis and ten (1.2%) Steinernema isolates. Morphological and molecular studies were carried out to characterise isolates. The Heterorhabditis isolates were identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema as Steinernema carpocapsae, S. bicornutum and S. feltiae. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was the most common species, which was isolated from 17 sites across the three provinces. Steinernema feltiae was the most common species of Steinernema, which was isolated from eight sites but in only two provinces. Steinernema carpocapsae and S. bicornutum were each isolated from only one site. Steinernema spp. were isolated mainly from orchards and grasslands but Heterorhabditis was isolated mainly from grasslands and alfalfa fields.

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