Tales from the Mathematical Classroom

2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (508) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Sue Sanders

All the world's a stage,And all the men and women merely players.As You Like ItDuring this lecture I am working from the premise that all the world is a mathematical classroom. By the time children begin formal education they have spent up to five years in this classroom [1] and during their years of schooling the fraction of time spent in a formal classroom is minimal compared to the time spent out of it. I wish to argue that this broader definition of a classroom impacts in many strong ways on our conceptions of mathematics and helps to construct the misconceptions about the nature of the subject that impinge on the learning of mathematics and the value which we place on it. It is within the formal classroom that many of the misconceptions about mathematical knowledge and skills develop. Although a great deal of writing exists about these, and while teachers use this knowledge to inform their teaching I wish to place more emphasis on the less familiar conceptions and misconceptions of mathematics. I will be challenging you to examine your own conceptions by showing you examples from television, radio, advertising, newspapers, film and literature. I will ask you to reflect on how a consideration of these aspects of pupils' experiences of mathematics might affect our teaching. I am also going to ask you to think about whether influencing young people's conceptions of mathematics might affect their decisions as to stop or continue studying the subject.

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-150

The springboard for this essay is the author’s encounter with the feeling of horror and her attempts to understand what place horror has in philosophy. The inquiry relies upon Leonid Lipavsky’s “Investigation of Horror” and on various textual plunges into the fanged and clawed (and possibly noumenal) abyss of Nick Land’s work. Various experiences of horror are examined in order to build something of a typology, while also distilling the elements characteristic of the experience of horror in general. The essay’s overall hypothesis is that horror arises from a disruption of the usual ways of determining the boundaries between external things and the self, and this leads to a distinction between three subtypes of horror. In the first subtype, horror begins with the indeterminacy at the boundaries of things, a confrontation with something that defeats attempts to define it and thereby calls into question the definition of the self. In the second subtype, horror springs from the inability to determine one’s own boundaries, a process opposed by the crushing determinacy of the world. In the third subtype, horror unfolds by means of a substitution of one determinacy by another which is unexpected and ungrounded. In all three subtypes of horror, the disturbance of determinacy deprives the subject, the thinking entity, of its customary foundation for thought, and even of an explanation of how that foundation was lost; at times this can lead to impairment of the perception of time and space. Understood this way, horror comes within a hair’s breadth of madness - and may well cross over into it.


In visual arts both the subject matter and the techniques form traditions extending sometimes through millennia, recording the human evolution and humanity in far more direct ways than, for instance, textual traditions can ever do. In short, visual arts open a rare window to the essence of humanity itself. Visual art is testing in a comprehensive manner the human capabilities to experience the world. Modern art has further opened up the whole definition of visual arts and freed even greater number of possibilities. Anything can be presented as visual art, if the audience is ready to accept it as art and “sees” it as art. I also discuss the basis of art as we inderstand it. Life imitates art and art imitates life. Which one is the copy then? The concept of mimêsis is one of the most frequently misunderstood concepts of classical Greek philosophy. In spite of breaks in tradition and misunderstandings, what is most important, is that in European art traditions the idea of liberal art as a means of expressing and shaping in a creative way ideas has kept alive and strives.


Author(s):  
Claudia Leeb

“Who Changes the World: The Political Subject-in-Outline” introduces the idea of the political subject-in-outline to creatively engage with the tension between the exclusionary character of the political subject and its necessity for agency. It explains why giving up on the subject altogether or theorizing it as a constantly shifting entity is implicated in the project of capitalism, and acknowledges the necessity of defining a political subject to critique and transform capitalism. Yet its outline reminds people that any definition of the political subject must remain permanently open for contestation to avoid its exclusionary character. This chapter also explains that the subject-in-outline aims to establish a mediated relation between the universal and particular, as well as mind and body. Furthermore, it shows that the idea of a political subject-in-outline can help people avoid alienation, instrumental relations, and the coldness of love in capitalism.


MANUSYA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Stephen Evans

A review of recent literature advocating critical thinking as a necessary response to ‘globalizationʼ, gives no clear picture of what critical thinking is. Drawing on Kant and Hermeneutics, this paper proposes a critical definition of critical thinking as an understanding of its subject-matter which questions itself, and a characterization of critical thinking as the tension of standing within the subject-matter while holding it at a distance. Considered against a backdrop of concerns about ‘globalizationʼ, critical thinking is seen, not only as an intellectual method, but also as an existential engagement of the world.


1928 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 350-352
Author(s):  
Harry C. Barber

Present day demands that each subject justify its existence in the school curriculum are so well known as to need no review in this paper. The bearing of these demands on mathematics, however, presents an interesting situation when considered in relation to the increasing importance of mathematics in modern civilization. It is a curious phenomenon that mathematics should be challenged just at this time when its value in the world is greater and more apparent than ever before. This challenge docs not so much question the value of mathematics itself as the objl?ctives of ntathematics teaching, the content of mathematics courses, and the methods of presentation. The mathematics of the secondary school may well be criticized as being too mechanical, too much concerned with technique, too little concerned with the true kernel of the subject. The leaders within the field of mathematics teaching are in hearty accord with these criticisms, and they are making a constant battle against (1) too meagre a definition of mathematics and too narrow a concept of its possibilities, (2) the use of obsolescent material, (3) the rote method of presentation.


1930 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 332

Many Great names have been associated with Alexandria but of these that of Euclid is the greatest. "He was the most successful textbook writer that the world has ever known, over one thousand editions of his geometry having appeared in print since 1482, and manuscripts of this work having dominated the teaching of the subject for eighteen hundred years preceding that time. He is the only man to whom there ever came or ever can come again the glory of having successfully incorporated in his own writings all the essential parts of the accumulated mathematical knowledge of his time."


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginija Grybaitė ◽  
Jelena Stankevičienė

Abstract Information and communication technologies enable the emergence of a new phenomenon called the “sharing economy”. An increasing number of articles in the media as well as debates about the positive and negative aspects of the sharing economy show a growing interest in the subject. The paper aims to review the different approaches to the definition of the sharing economy and to present the authors’ views on the concept. The reviewed literature reveals the main drivers for participating in the sharing economy. A survey was conducted to learn more about the motives of Lithuanian people participating in this concept. The survey reveals the following leading factors of using the sharing economy platforms: an easy way to make extra money; supporting individuals and/or small/independent companies; meeting new people and having an interesting experience/doing something most people haven’t tried yet. The survey also reveals that most of the respondents prefer to own things rather than share them. Despite the widespread popularity of the sharing economy platforms in the world, this phenomenon is in its infancy in Lithuania.


2014 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Ewa Łukaszyk

Travelling away from the “artsy post-modern lefty-pinko university”. Noor's transcultural experience and the duties of the intellectualThe volume Qur'an and cricket consists of several travelogues produced by a Malay intellectual, Farish A. Noor, during his trips to the most problematic places of the world, marked by the contemporary “battles of God”. This book is interpreted in terms of a quest for transcultural condition understood as a dimension of experience transcending the multiplicity of cultural orders in dissent. Noor sketches his own definition of the intellectual, contrasted in this article with the visions given by Gramsci, Adorno and Said. The subject of the transcultural condition is defined as “itinerant scholar” transgressing the limitations of the academia by his nomadic immersion in the world. The attitude of the traveller is marked by openness and readiness to listen, even if he is confronted to irrational mumbling. Precisely the mumbling of anger and hate becomes the most difficult challenge to the intellectual unable to deal with it rationally. The only remaining answer is a sheer presence and love, emotional attachment to the world, as the scholar rejects the temptation of the ivory tower that would isolate him from the otherness. The modality of speech that opposes the hateful mumbling isn't based on clear, persuasive argumentation, but on ironic ambivalence conjugated with directness and the rejection of euphemism. Most importantly, the “itinerant scholar” is not a preacher. In opposition to the leftist tradition of defining the intellectual as a secular figure, the “itinerant scholar” remains deeply immersed in religion. The challenge of building up the transcultural dimension is connected to the necessity of finding a place for the authentic religious experience in times of “battles of God”.Z dala od “nowinkarskiego, postmodernistycznego, lewicująco-różowego uniwersytetu”. O doświadczeniach transkulturowych Farisha Noora i powinnościach intelektualistyKsiążka Qur'an and cricket stanowi zbiór notatek z podróży malajskiego intelektualisty Farisha A. Noora do najbardziej problematycznych miejsc świata, gdzie toczone są „bitwy o Boga”. W niniejszym artykule jest ona interpretowana jako zapis poszukiwania kondycji transkulturowej, polegającej nie na zajmowaniu pozycji pomiędzy stronami konfliktu lub też poza nim, ale na poszukiwaniu przestrzeni doświadczenia mieszczącej się ponad porządkami kulturowymi. Noor szkicuje własną koncepcję intelektualisty, która w artykule zostaje skontrastowana z zapatrywaniami Gramsciego, Adorno i Saida. Podmiotem kondycji transkulturowej ma być „wędrowny uczony”, przełamujący ograniczenia akademickich zapatrywań dzięki nomadycznemu doświadczaniu świata w podróży. Stanowi ona sposób wyjścia ku innemu z gotowością do wysłuchania, nawet jeśli jedynym, co się pojawia, jest bełkot. Właśnie bełkotliwość gniewu i nienawiści stanowi wszakże największe wyzwanie dla intelektualisty, który nie może jej sprostać racjonalną argumentacją, w jakiej jest biegły. Jedyną możliwą odpowiedzią jest więc obecność i miłość, emocjonalne przywiązanie do świata, odmowa porzucenia, opuszczenia, zdystansowania się wobec niego. Natomiast sposobem mówienia, jaki przeciwstawia się bełkotowi nie jest jasność i jednoznaczność dyskursu perswazyjnego, lecz przeciwnie, niejednoznaczność i ambiwalencja wypowiedzi ironicznej. „Wędrowny uczony” nie jest więc kaznodzieją, lecz ironistą. W przeciwieństwie do lewicowej tradycji definiowania sylwetki i powinności intelektualisty, „wędrowny uczony” zostaje scharakteryzowany, choć w bardzo dyskretny sposób, jako postać zakorzeniona w wymiarze religijnym. Wyzwanie zbudowania przestrzeni transkulturowej powiązane jest więc z potrzebą ocalenia i pomieszczenia w niej autentycznego doświadczenia religijnego w dobie „bitew o Boga”.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
S.M. Makhmudova

The autochthonous Dagestan languages belong to an ergative typology, in which the entire language system is subordinated to the reflection of the semantics of the subject’s activity / passivity, his participation / non-participation in the event happening with him or around him, the subject’s influence on the object, the activity / passivity of which is also controlled by the subject. At the same time, the subject himself can take shape in different cases, expressing his role in what is happening or produced by the event itself. The whole system of declination of the Rutul language is subordinated to the expression of the semantics of the subject's activity, the main semantic component of which is the principle of anthropocentrism. The article discusses the features of the reflection of the people's thinking and their ideas about the world in language, which imprint not only on the linguistic picture of the world, but also on the structure of the language itself.


2020 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Tri Nurza Rahmawati

Absract- This article will explain and describe the opportunities for Social Sciences subjects in realizing multicultural-based education. In compiling this article, the authors used the literature study method is data collection techniques are carried out using books, and other literatures such as journals or articles related to the theme discussed. The results showed that multicultural-based education is education that must be realized in formal education in Indonesia, departing from the conditions of people in Indonesia who have a diversity of ethnicities, cultures, and religions. Seeing all subjects in the world of education at the junior high level, Social Sciences subjects have a very strategic position. This is based on aspects of the study in the subject of Social Sciences providing a gap in almost every material. Thus, the availability of the gap is expected to be used as fully as possible and as effectively as possible in incorporating multicultural values, for the creation of multicultural-based education.   Keyword: Social Sciences, Education, Multicultural   Abstrak- Artikel ini akan menjelaskan dan mendeskripsikan Peluang mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) dalam mewujudkan pendidikan yang berbasis multikultural. Dalam menyusun artikel ini, penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka yaitu teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan buku-buku, dan literatur-literatur lainnya seperti jurnal ataupun artikel yang terkait dengan tema yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan berbasis multikultural merupakan pendidikan yang harus diwujudkan dalam pendidikan formal di Indonesia, berangkat dari kondisi masyarakat di Indonesia yang memiliki keragaman suku bangsa, budaya, dan agama. Melihat semua mata pelajaran dalam dunia pendidikan ditingkat SMP, mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial memiliki kedudukan yang sangat strategis. Hal ini didasari aspek kajian dalam mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial menyediakan celah hampir disetiap materi. Dengan demikian, ketersediaan celah tersebut diharapakan mampu digunakan semaksimal mungkin dan seefektif mungkin dalam memasukkan nilai-nilai multikultural, guna terciptanya pendidikan yang berbasis multikultural.   Kata Kunci: Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Pendidikan, Multikultural  


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