Ways and Tools to Ensure the Safety of the Educational Environment at School and University

Aim. To clarify the contents of such phenomena as ways and means to ensure the safety of the educational environment and to justify their use in relation to the educational environment of the university and school. Procedure and methods. The article econsiders the content of ways and means to ensure the safety of the educational environment, from the point of view of a philosophical approach to understanding this phenomenon, and therationale for the rationale for the options and means to ensure the safety of the educational environment for the university and the school as a system. In the study methods are used: analogies, comparative, generalization, system, interpretation of the results, thought experiment. The results. The results of the study contribute to the palette of research into the ways and means to ensure the safety of the educational environment in school and university, to the methodology of organizing the safety of the educational environment, as well as to the practice of educational activities of schools and universities. Theoretical and/or practical significance. The results of the study contribute to the palette of research of the educational environment in school and university, to the methodology of organizing the safety of the educational environment, as well as to the practice of educational activities of schools and universities.

Intercultural Communication from the Position of Linguistics, Extraling Vistics and Social Psychology

Cross-cultural communication is communication between representatives of different cultures, regardless of what field they communicate in. Now, when the mixing of peoples, the interpenetration of languages and cultures, the migration of population flows have reached an unprecedented scale, the problem of coexistence in a multicultural space, the dialogue of cultures, the education of tolerance for foreign cultures, the awakening of interest and respect for them, the overcoming of xenophobia, racism, nationalism and chauvinism is more acute than ever. This is the reason for the general increase in attention to intercultural communication, the study of its linguistic, sociological, psycholinguistic and other aspects.To date, research in the field of intersubject communication has focused on the behavior of people who encounter differences in language activity and the consequences of these differences. Most often, intersubject communication is interpreted as an adequate mutual understanding of communication participants belonging to different national cultures. Cross-cultural communication skills are necessary for those whose professional activities are directly related to the interaction between cultures and are carried out through communication. These include education, socio-political, translation, management, consulting, social work, journalism, business, etc. In recent years, increased interest not only in scientific circles, but also among the general public has attracted the problem of tolerance education. The main reasons for increasing attention to this problem are globalization, migration and socio-economic problems. In these conditions, the priority task is to address the problem of fostering tolerance in the younger generation.

Contrastive Analysis of English, Russian, and Hebrew Red Idioms

The paper studied 130 colorative idioms with colorative red (RI) in three languages from electronic sources, with a focus on current vocabulary from the 20th and 21st centuries. RIs numerous meanings were investigated, then merged into trilingual associative chains, and finally into seven microsystems, using statistical, comparative, linguistic, and linguistic-cultural analysis methods within the framework of the linguocultural approach to RI: Blood color-activity-disease-medical care-shame-irritation - anger - aggression - crime - murder; Fire - attractiveness; Danger - prohibition – border- red-green; Revolution - anarchism-communism; Prestige- holiday; Sex; Red object's color. We also found trilingual extra-associative RIs, which have meanings not found in the associative chains. The study examined RI quantitatively, identifying trilingual equivalent and lacunar idioms, linked between RI and red in nature, noting the formation of new RI meanings and connotation changes in three languages through time. Polysemy, antinomy with different hues (green, black, white, and blue), international neologisms (computer technology, the stock market, the coronavirus pandemic), and the relevance of RI in modern languages and linguistic culture were the topics covered in this research.

Content and Types of Safety of the Educational Environment

Aim. To clarify the basic componentof the content of the educational environment, as well as to highlight its components and types. Procedure and methods. The article identifies the main components of the educational environment, from the point of view of the philosophical approach to understanding this phenomenon, as well as analyzed and evaluated the reasons that make it unsafe, the allocation of levels of expansion, the classification of the types of safety of the educational environment. In the study methods are used: analogies, comparative, generalization, system, interpretation of the results, thought experiment. The results. The work clarifies the content of the educational environment, reveals its main components, on the basis of a philosophical approach to this phenomenon, has been identified the impact of various types of expansion on its safety, identified and justified the basic safety of the educational environment, taking into account the current state of public practice in the country and the world, as well as the requirements that are imposed on educational institutions on the education and education of trainees. Theoretical and/or practical significance. The results of the study contribute to the palette of research of the educational environment in school and university, to the methodology of organizing the safety of the educational environment, as well as to the practice of educational activities of schools and universities.

The Emotional Component of Verbal Intercultural Communication

The article is devoted to intercultural communication at the level of sounding speech, the parameters of which actively influence the communication situation. When implementing intercultural communication, it is necessary to be aware of the parameters of sounding foreign language speech in an emotional aspect. Speech parameters can give additional shades or meanings to an utterance, including those opposed to the meaning of its constituent linguistic units. The role of emotionality as an active component of the communicative process is determined, the possibility of studying this component is substantiated only accompanied by an interdisciplinary approach, involving the study of speech perception. To express emotional states, each language has a set of nationally - specific means capable of coloring an utterance, regardless of its lexical content. Nationally specific signs of a neutral style of speech determine its emotional perception by speakers of another language. Differential signs of communicative types of utterances carry important information about the completed or progressive nature of the utterance, which may require the inclusion of lexical means during oral translation. The analysis is carried out at the level of rhythmic parameters and melodic signs (characteristics of the main-stressed syllables) on the material of three languages: Russian, German, Spanish.

Apocryphal Stories about Angels in "Paley Tolkova"

In the Old Russian Palea, which begins with a story about the creation of the world with extensive interpretations borrowed from the works of Severian of Gabala, Basil the Great, the interpretations of John Chrysostom on the Book of Genesis, the works of Epiphanius of Cyprus, “The Six Days” by John the Exarch of Bulgaria, the appearance of the earthly angels precedes the creation of the earthly world. The doctrine of the angelic ranks is based on the testimonies of the Old Testament about seraphim, cherubim, powers, angels and the New Testament information about thrones, dominions, powers, principles, archangels. In early patristics, the classification of heavenly powers belongs to Gregory the Theologian, as well as to Cyril of Jerusalem. The systematic doctrine of the hierarchy of heavenly forces belongs to Dionysius the Areopagite: in his work "On the heavenly hierarchy."

About the Brilliant Political Insight of F.M. Dostoevsky

Any state moves towards progress with the strength and aspirations, thoughts and works of the best sons who guide the country and determine its path. F.M. Dostoevsky was not only a writer, philosopher, subtle psychologist, but also a statesman. Many works are known where he discusses the place of Russia in the world, the need to take a higher and more stable position, the need for the education and development of Russian territories, and many words of F.M. Dostoevsky is surprised by the accuracy of foresight and designation of a wide range of tasks facing his homeland.

"To Present a List of Russian Orthodox Churches Abroad and the Clergy Attached to Them..." Based on the Materials of the St. Petersburg Archives

The article is based on documents from the Russian State Historical Archive and the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg that have not previously been used by researchers, which contains information about the priests served in Russian Orthodox churches in Italy in the 1860-s. It was then that cities Naples, Florence and Rome were visited by the great Russian writer F.M. Dostoevsky. His travels had coincided with a profound transformation of the government of the overseas churches and updating the staff list of priests. When choosing priests for ministry outside Russia special attention was paid to their education. Today there is no documentary evidence of personal communication between the writer and the clergy, but to analyze the situation and activities of Russian Orthodox churches abroad seems appropriate, because Dostoevsky's interest in all events that took place in Italy was great throughout his life.

Features of Recreating the Poetics of Imagism in Translation into Russian (Based on the Material of an Independent Translation of the Poem by E. Pound «Salutation»)

Imagism is a current in Anglo-American poetry of the 1910s. The key program text of imagism is considered to be Ezra Pound's essay "A Few Don'ts", in which he briefly describes the state of poetry at the beginning of the XX century and makes a list of "several prohibitions" for contemporary poets. He notes that it is necessary to avoid redundant words and expressions, abstract vocabulary and generalizing concepts that do not contribute to the creation of images. Working on the translation, we came to the conclusion that the main difficulties encountered in the translation were related to the transfer of the imagist poetics of the original texts, as well as to the transfer of the author's private poetics. At the stage of pre-translation analysis of the text, we chose the strategy of equirithmic translation, which was dictated by the historical and literary context of the poem (E. Pound's observations on the principles that should guide a poet of the early XX century).

Some Notes on the Reception of Dostoevsky in Italy at the Time of Mussolini

The article is a preliminary attempt to outline the contours of the complex reception of the creativity and ideological world of F. M. Dostoevsky in Italy during the twenty-year period of the fascist regime (1922-1943). The attempt is justified by the lack of such studies so far, in the presence of a number of interesting articles and monographs devoted to certain aspects of the perception of the Russian writer in Italy during this period. The question of whether Dostoevsky's name was used for the purposes of fascist propaganda, in other words, whether the Russian ruler of the doom was perceived as a precursor of the fascist right-wing conservative revolution, remains unresolved. The first, as yet pro-visionary observations lead to the opinion that Dostoevsky's "fascization" took place, but had an occasional character and had little influence on the reception of the writer in general in Italy, while the strongest and most lasting influence on the reception of the writer was exerted by non-fascist or even anti-fascist writers, who, consequently, interpreted his figure and creative heritage according to categories incompatible with the ideological space of fascism.