scholarly journals The increasing isolation of Tarangire National Park

Oryx ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Borner
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
Tarangire National Park

In Tanzania, in the dry season, Tarangire National Park is second only to Ngorongoro in the concentrations of wildlife to be seen there. But there is a bleak outlook for the species that traditionally migrate to pastures outside the park in the rainy season. Over the last 10 years many of their routes out of the park have been blocked by farms and ranches, and further expansion of agricultural schemes could threaten the remainder. Part of the zebra and wildebeest populations that migrate north have already been lost. The author, who has been carrying out wildlife surveys in Tanzania for the Frankfurt Zoological Society for seven years, proposes some remedies to prevent the park from becoming the domain of only a few resident species.

scholarly journals Premières données sur les variations saisonnières de la communauté d’oiseaux du barrage urbain de Koko (Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire)

2019 ◽  
Vol 41.2 ◽  
pp. 6926-6939
Author(s):  
NIAMIEN Coffi Jean Magloire ◽  
KONAN Ekoun Michaël ◽  
ODOUKPE Kadio Saint Guillaume ◽  
YAOKOKORE-BEIBRO Kouassi Hilaire ◽  
N’GORAN Kouakou Eliézer
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
South Central ◽  
Frequent Species ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

Les oiseaux rendent d’importants services écologiques nécessaires au bien-être de l’homme. En Côte d’Ivoire, l’essentiel des études ornithologiques se sont déroulées au sud, et accessoirement au centre et au centre-ouest. En outre, très peu de travaux ont porté sur les zones humides. La ville de Korhogo abrite des barrages à vocation agro-pastorale qui n’ont été l’objet d’aucune étude. Pour combler ce manque de connaissance, une étude a été menée de février 2016 à janvier 2017. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer la richesse spécifique et de déterminer l’influence des saisons sur la distribution qualitative de la communauté des oiseaux du barrage urbain de Koko dans la commune de Korhogo. Pour ce faire, des observations directes, utilisant la méthode des transects ponctuée d’arrêts d’environ 15 minutes, ont été effectuées. Les résultats indiquent que cette communauté est constituée de 63 espèces d’oiseaux appartenant à 32 familles et regroupées en 14 ordres. Globalement, l’ordre des Passériformes et la famille des Ardeidae sont les mieux représentés. Du point de vue de leur statut biogéographique, les espèces résidentes (37 individus : 59 %) et accidentelles (23 individus : 36,51%) sont majoritaires. Le plus grand nombre d’espèces a été observé en saison des pluies (52 individus : 82,54%). Sept espèces ont été spécifiques de la saison sèche alors que trois espèces sont caractéristiques de la saison des pluies. Les espèces résidentes ont été les nombreuses en toute saison. Au niveau structural, les espèces accessoires, les espèces assez-fréquentes et les espèces fréquentes ont été les mieux représentées en saison sèche tandis que les espèces assez-fréquentes ont été majoritaires en saison des pluies. Cette étude confirme la distribution des communautés des oiseaux selon les saisons. ABSTRACT Birds provide important ecosystem services necessary for human well-being. In Côte d'Ivoire, ornithological studies were carried out in the south, central and central-west. In addition, very little work has been done on wetlands. The Commune of Korhogo is home to agro-pastoral dams that have not been studied. To fill in this gap of information, a study was conducted from February 2016 to January 2017. The aim of this study was to assess the specific richness and to examine the effect of seasons on the qualitative distribution of the Koko urban dam birds’ community. Direct observations using the method of line transects with a 15 minutes points were carried out. Results show that this community consists of 63 species of birds belonging to 32 families and grouped in 14 orders. Globally, the order of the Passeriformes and the family of Ardeidae were the best represented. In terms of their biogeographical status, resident species (37 individuals: 59%) and accidental species (23 individuals: 36.51%) were dominant. The high number of bird species was observed during the rainy season (52 individuals: 82.54%). Seven species were specific to the dry season while three species are characteristic of the rainy season. Resident species were numerous in all seasons. The accessory and relatively frequent species have been the most abundant during the dry season while the fairly frequent species were predominant in the rainy season. This study confirms the distribution of bird communities according to the seasons.

Daily patterns in aerial activity by spinner dolphins in Fernando de Noronha

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. De Carli ◽  
F.J.L. Silva ◽  
J.M. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Spinner Dolphins ◽  
Daily Patterns

Activities displayed by animals are usually cyclic, and fluctuations in behavioural repertoires can be observed on a daily or seasonal timescale. The present study describes daily and seasonal variations in the aerial events – such as leaps, spins and slaps with body parts – by spinner dolphins in Baía dos Golfinhos, Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park, in Brazil. To measure aerial events by dolphins, we compiled and analysed data collected from January 2006 to December 2010. A total of 113,027 aerial events were recorded during 1431 days of land-based daytime observations. Our results show that the frequency of aerial events was positively correlated with the number of dolphins in the bay. The relative frequency of aerial events was higher in the rainy season, when compared with the dry season. Aerial activities also varied throughout the day, with dolphins being more active in the morning, specifically from 8:00 a.m. to 8:59 a.m., regardless of the season.

scholarly journals Utilisation of GIS and remote sensing for forest fire risk zone mapping at Tram Chim National Park

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-235
Author(s):  
Minh Thanh Vu ◽  
Hien Thi Thu Le
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Forest Fire Risk

Identification of areas of high fire risk is extremely important task in fire prevention and fire fighting. This study focuses on utilizing GIS and remote sensing to predict highest forest fire risk zones at Tram Chim National Park. Forest fire risk index was calculated based on forest-fire causing factors. The factors consist of landcover density and types, distance to water and settlements, surface temperature and leaf wetness index. And then, two forest fire risk maps were completed, one of them represented the fire risk in the rainy season in 2013, the other performed the fire risk in the dry season 2014. High fire risk zones locate mostly at the edge of the park where the bionass is rich and are near settlements. According to this fire risk computing, in the rainy season, area of high fire risk zone was 1,014.65 ha, about 14 % natural areas of Tram Chim National Park. In additional, in the dry season, high forest fire risk zones was 3,344.65 ha, and there is no safety zone. Results of the research contribute to the forest protecting at Tram Chim National Park and over the country.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MUSIM TERHADAP KERAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN KOPEPODA (KRUSTASEA) DI PERAIRAN MANGROVE ESTUARI T. N. UJUNG KULON, BANTEN

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Conni M. Sidabalok
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Copepod Community ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

An observation on Copepoda diversity and abundance in three mangrove estuaries in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten was carried out in June and November 2008. The objective of this observation was to investigate the relationship between diversity and abundance of copepods with some environmental factors which affected the distribution in dry and rainy seasons. A total of 28 species from 17 genera and 14 families of copepods were recorded. The highest density of the copepod community was recorded in June (dry season) while the lowest density was in November (rainy season). The diversity, abundance and distribution of copepods were found to be different in the three sites.

scholarly journals INVENTARISASI AMFIBI RESORT CISARUA TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO BERDASARKAN MUSIM YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Agus Pambudi Dharma ◽  
Meitiyani Meitiyani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽  
Dry Seasons

This study aims to inventory amphibians in the Cimisblung Resort Cisarua Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP) the rainy season and dry season. Amphibian data collection was carried out in February - August 2019 in and night (19.00 - 23.00 WIB) days using a visual encounter survey method along 500 meters with the river flow aquatic) and terrestrial among others, below the surface of litter, rock, weathered wood, and in the bush. Amphibians were to view and record their morphology, then matched the images with amphibian identification books. After the next step was identified, the amphibian was photographed for documentation. If amphibians are not identified in the field, the amphibians are taken to the Cibinong Zoology LIPI to be identified. The results obtained were 13 species (Leptobrachium haseltii, Megophrys montana, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Leptophyryne cruentata, Rhacoporus javanus, Philautus aurifasciatus,  dan Nycxtixalus margaritifer, Rana calconata, Huia masonii, Oddorana hosii, Limnonectes kuhlii, Fejevarya limnocharis, Fejevarya limnocharis, and Limnonectes microdiscus) with a difference in the number of species of 5 species between the rainy and dry seasons such as (Leptobrachium haseltii, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Leptophyryne cruentata, Philautus aurifasciatus, and Nycxtixalus margaritifer).

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Movements of Free Ranging Pigs at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda: Potential of Disease Control at a Local Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Payne ◽  
Peter Ogweng ◽  
Karl Ståhl ◽  
Charles Masembe ◽  
Ferran Jori
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Free Ranging

In many Ugandan rural communities, pigs are generally kept under traditional smallholder systems without basic biosecurity measures in place. In some instances, these systems are at the livestock-wildlife interface, as it is the case in Nwoya district, which is bordered by Murchison Falls National Park (MFNP). This pig system has potential for the maintenance and transmission of pathogens like African swine fever (ASF) between different herds, and also with wild pigs (warthogs and bushpigs). In this paper, we describe the spatial and temporal pattern of the movements of free ranging domestic pigs in a rural setting in Northern Uganda where ASF is endemic. We also determine their use of habitat to highlight the potential interaction hotspots between domestic pigs and between domestic and wild pig populations. We fitted 10 free-ranging domestic pigs owned by different homesteads with GPS harnesses during rainy and dry seasons. The pig home range, daily distance, activity pattern and habitat use were calculated. Our results show that the maximum area covered (MCP 100%) by the pigs varied between 35,965 and 475,077 m2. The core area varied from 1,317 to 50,769 m2. The pigs' home ranges were significantly bigger during the dry season than during the rainy season (Wilcoxon test, W = 22, p = 0.04). The mean full day (24 h) distance was longer in the dry season than in the rainy season (Student test, t = 2.7, p = 0.03). The pigs were mostly located within their own homestead, but they also used other homesteads, grass and crop fields. This study highlights that free-ranging domestic pigs may cover a wide area, especially during the dry season. Interestingly, the home range of pigs from different herds may overlap with areas used by wild pigs which share crops and other resources in this area. This study provides insights into a better understanding of the potential for spread of diseases such as ASF at small-scale and can be used to raise awareness of such risks and to better target implementation of preventive measures.

STUDI BIONOMIK VEKTOR MALARIA DI KECAMATAN KALIBAWANG, KULONPROGO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardjito Eko Windarso dkk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Anopheles Species ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The increasing of malaria cases in recent years at Kecamatan Kalibawang has been suspected correspond with the conversion of farming land-use which initiated in 1993. Four years after the natural vegetation in this area were changed become cocoa and coffee commercial farming estates, the number of malaria cases in 1997 rose more than six times, and in 2000 it reached 6085. This study were aimed to observe whether there were any differences in density and diversity of Anopheles as malaria vector between the cocoa and mix farming during dry and rainy seasons. The results of the study are useful for considering the appropriate methods, times and places for mosquito vector controlling. The study activities comprised of collecting Anopheles as well as identifying the species to determine the density and diversity of the malaria vector. Both activities were held four weeks in dry season and four weeks in rainy season. The mea-surement of physical factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were also conducted to support the study results. Four dusuns which meet the criteria and had the highest malaria cases were selected as study location. Descriptively, the results shows that the number of collected Anopheles in cocoa farming were higher compared with those in mix horticultural farming; and the number of Anopheles species identifi ed in cocoa farming were also more varied than those in the mix horticultural farming.Key words: bionomik vektor malaria, anopheles,

scholarly journals Understanding variability in greenhouse gas emission estimates of smallholder dairy farms in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titis Apdini ◽  
Windi Al Zahra ◽  
Simon J. Oosting ◽  
Imke J. M. de Boer ◽  
Marion de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Enteric Fermentation ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Smallholder Dairy ◽  
Smallholder Dairy Farms

Abstract Purpose Life cycle assessment studies on smallholder farms in tropical regions generally use data that is collected at one moment in time, which could hamper assessment of the exact situation. We assessed seasonal differences in greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) from Indonesian dairy farms by means of longitudinal observations and evaluated the implications of number of farm visits on the variance of the estimated GHGE per kg milk (GHGEI) for a single farm, and the population mean. Methods An LCA study was done on 32 smallholder dairy farms in the Lembang district area, West Java, Indonesia. Farm visits (FVs) were performed every 2 months throughout 1 year: FV1–FV3 (rainy season) and FV4–FV6 (dry season). GHGEs were assessed for all processes up to the farm-gate, including upstream processes (production and transportation of feed, fertiliser, fuel and electricity) and on-farm processes (keeping animals, manure management and forage cultivation). We compared means of GHGE per unit of fat-and-protein-corrected milk (FPCM) produced in the rainy and the dry season. We evaluated the implication of number of farm visits on the variance of the estimated GHGEI, and on the variance of GHGE from different processes. Results and discussion GHGEI was higher in the rainy (1.32 kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM) than in the dry (0.91 kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM) season (P < 0.05). The between farm variance was 0.025 kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM in both seasons. The within farm variance in the estimate for the single farm mean decreased from 0.69 (1 visit) to 0.027 (26 visits) kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM (rainy season), and from 0.32 to 0.012 kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM (dry season). The within farm variance in the estimate for the population mean was 0.02 (rainy) and 0.01 (dry) kg CO2-eq kg−1 FPCM (1 visit), and decreased with an increase in farm visits. Forage cultivation was the main source of between farm variance, enteric fermentation the main source of within farm variance. Conclusions The estimated GHGEI was significantly higher in the rainy than in the dry season. The main contribution to variability in GHGEI is due to variation between observations from visits to the same farm. This source of variability can be reduced by increasing the number of visits per farm. Estimates for variation within and between farms enable a more informed decision about the data collection procedure.

scholarly journals Directional Distance Function Technical Efficiency of Chili Production in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Wirat Krasachat ◽  
Suthathip Yaisawarng
Keyword(s):  
Distance Function ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Directional Distance Function ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Function Technique ◽  
Security Problem ◽  
Gap Technology

To overcome the challenging food safety and security problem, in 2003, the Thai government initiated ‘Good Agricultural Practices’ (GAP) technology. This paper used a sample of 107 small chili farms from the Chiyaphoom province for the 2012 crop year, and data envelopment analysis (DEA) meta-frontier directional distance function technique to answer two questions: (1) Are GAP-adopting farms, on average, more efficient than conventional farms? (2) Does access to GAP technology affect farmers’ decisions to adopt GAP technology? We also developed an ‘indirect’ approach to reduce the potential sample selection bias for small samples. For the dry-season subsample, GAP farms were more technically efficient when compared with non-GAP farms. These dry-season non-GAP farms may not adopt the GAP method because they have limited access to GAP technology. For the rainy-season subsample, on average, GAP farms were more efficient than non-GAP farms at the 5% level. Access to the GAP technology is not a possible reason for non-GAP rainy season farms to not adopt the GAP technology. To enable sustainable development, government agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) must develop and implement appropriate educational and training workshops to promote and assist GAP technology adoption for chili farms in Thailand.

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