Daily patterns in aerial activity by spinner dolphins in Fernando de Noronha

Activities displayed by animals are usually cyclic, and fluctuations in behavioural repertoires can be observed on a daily or seasonal timescale. The present study describes daily and seasonal variations in the aerial events – such as leaps, spins and slaps with body parts – by spinner dolphins in Baía dos Golfinhos, Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park, in Brazil. To measure aerial events by dolphins, we compiled and analysed data collected from January 2006 to December 2010. A total of 113,027 aerial events were recorded during 1431 days of land-based daytime observations. Our results show that the frequency of aerial events was positively correlated with the number of dolphins in the bay. The relative frequency of aerial events was higher in the rainy season, when compared with the dry season. Aerial activities also varied throughout the day, with dolphins being more active in the morning, specifically from 8:00 a.m. to 8:59 a.m., regardless of the season.

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Pediatric infectious diseases admissions: Sex differences and seasonal variations

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.2.0124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 015 (02) ◽

pp. 049-058

Author(s):

Samuel Olorunyomi Oninla ◽

Michael Olaniyan Onigbinde ◽

Akinyemi Olaleye Fadugbagbe ◽

Emmanuel Olaseinde Bello ◽

Omolayo Adebukola Olubosede

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Malaria Incidence ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Dry Season ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dry Seasons

Objective: This study set out to assess sex differences and seasonal variations in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (PID) admissions. Methods: One year retrospective study of PID admissions was conducted among children aged one month to 15 years. Relevant information retrieved from patients’ hospital records were dates of admission and discharge, age, sex, final PID diagnoses and outcome. Results: Of 1,035 patients’ records assessed, 603 (58.3%) were males and 432 (41.7%) females (p<0.001). Males in ages 1-12 and 13-59 months contributed largely to the gender difference. Over the 12 months period, PID admissions mean was 86.25±21.92, with rainy and dry seasons means of 92.57±20.7 and 77.4±20.9, respectively (p<0.001). Ages 13-19, 60-119 and ≥120 months had significantly higher admissions mean during the rainy season (p<0.001 in each group), while higher admissions occurred among ages 1-12months in dry season (p<0.001). Top six PID managed were malaria, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis and typhoid, and males had higher incidence in all except for typhoid, with only malaria having significant difference (p<0.001). Malaria, septicemia and typhoid incidence were higher significantly during the rainy season, while gastroenteritis occurred more in the dry season. Overall fatality rate was 4.6%; females and males rates were 6.3% and 3.5%, respectively (p=0.661). Rainy and dry seasons mortality means were 5±1.77 and 2.6±0.8, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Male children were more vulnerable to PID, with significant higher malaria incidence among them than females. PID incidence and mortality were significantly higher during the rainy season than dry. Malaria and gastroenteritis occurred significantly in rainy and dry seasons, respectively.

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Seasonal variations of water quality at Doreri Gulf, Manokwari, West Papua

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/890/1/012007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 890 (1) ◽

pp. 012007

Author(s):

L Sembel ◽

D Setijawati ◽

D Yona ◽

Y Risjani

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Coastal Waters ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Field Work ◽

Dry Season ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Seasonal Factors ◽

West Papua

Abstract The character of Manokwari City’s coastal waters is strongly influenced by activity on the mainland. The degradation in Sawaibu Gulf’s water quality has an impact on water quality nearby, as well as the waters of the Field Work Center (BLK), Lemon Island, and Tanjung Manggewa, which is part of Doreri Gulf. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality in Doreri Gulf according on location and season. In February-April (rainy season) and August-October (dry season) 2020, the research was carried out within Doreri Gulf, Manokwari, West Papua. Turbidity, salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen are amongst the variables analyzed. Its statistical analyses were performed descriptively using standard deviation and ANCOVA to correlate seasons and locations. Temperature, DO, and pH were highest at location 2; salinity showed highest at location 3; and turbidity were highest at location 1. Low concentrations of DO, pH, and salinity were measured at location 1; temperature showed highest at location 3; and turbidity were highest at location 1. The dry season would have the highest temperature, DO, pH, and salinity concentrations, meanwhile the rainy season had enough highest turbidity. The study confirms that there are no variations in water quality between location of each variable and that seasonal factors comprise the majority of differences in water quality.

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Utilisation of GIS and remote sensing for forest fire risk zone mapping at Tram Chim National Park

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v18i4.952 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 221-235

Author(s):

Minh Thanh Vu ◽

Hien Thi Thu Le

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Dry Season ◽

Risk Zone ◽

Gis And Remote Sensing ◽

Risk Zones ◽

Forest Fire Risk

Identification of areas of high fire risk is extremely important task in fire prevention and fire fighting. This study focuses on utilizing GIS and remote sensing to predict highest forest fire risk zones at Tram Chim National Park. Forest fire risk index was calculated based on forest-fire causing factors. The factors consist of landcover density and types, distance to water and settlements, surface temperature and leaf wetness index. And then, two forest fire risk maps were completed, one of them represented the fire risk in the rainy season in 2013, the other performed the fire risk in the dry season 2014. High fire risk zones locate mostly at the edge of the park where the bionass is rich and are near settlements. According to this fire risk computing, in the rainy season, area of high fire risk zone was 1,014.65 ha, about 14 % natural areas of Tram Chim National Park. In additional, in the dry season, high forest fire risk zones was 3,344.65 ha, and there is no safety zone. Results of the research contribute to the forest protecting at Tram Chim National Park and over the country.

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PENGARUH MUSIM TERHADAP KERAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN KOPEPODA (KRUSTASEA) DI PERAIRAN MANGROVE ESTUARI T. N. UJUNG KULON, BANTEN

Journal of Biological Researches ◽

10.23869/bphjbr.15.2.201015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 191-197

Author(s):

Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽

Conni M. Sidabalok

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

Dry Season ◽

Copepod Community ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

The Relationship ◽

Dry And Rainy Seasons

An observation on Copepoda diversity and abundance in three mangrove estuaries in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten was carried out in June and November 2008. The objective of this observation was to investigate the relationship between diversity and abundance of copepods with some environmental factors which affected the distribution in dry and rainy seasons. A total of 28 species from 17 genera and 14 families of copepods were recorded. The highest density of the copepod community was recorded in June (dry season) while the lowest density was in November (rainy season). The diversity, abundance and distribution of copepods were found to be different in the three sites.

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PROFIL VERTIKAL DAN HORIZONTAL PARAMETER SALINITAS, DHL, DAN TDS BERDASARKAN VARIASI MUSIMAN DI ESTUARI SUNGAI CITARUM

OSEANA ◽

10.14203/oseana.2021.vol.46no.1.99 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Nurul Fahimah ◽

Annisa Dwi Damayanti ◽

Venny Ulya Bunga ◽

Haryo Mubiarto

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Vertical Profile ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Dry Season ◽

Estuary Mouth ◽

A Value ◽

The Difference ◽

Total Dissolved Solid

Salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) are parameters that pose an important role in the distributions of environmental pollution substances in the estuary. The difference in salinity, EC, and TDS concentration vertically (based on the depth in the water column) and horizontally (based on the distance from the estuary mouth) will affect the process of pollutant’s transportation and transformation in the estuary. On the other hand, seasonal variations will also affect parameters. Therefore, the information related to the vertical and horizontal profiles of salinity and other parameters based on seasonal variations is necessary to study. The purpose of this study is to analyze the vertical profile and horizontal-vertical of salinity, EC, and TDS concentrations during the rainy season and dry season in the estuary of Citarum River. This research was conducted in April 2018 (rainy season) and August 2018 (dry season) when the low tide. The measurement of salinity, EC, and TDS was directly conducted in the field using a conductivity meter. The results show that the concentration level of salinity, EC, and TDS showed a vertical and horizontal difference in the estuary of the Citarum River. In addition, there are differences in the concentration of salinity, electrical conductivity, TDS in the rainy season and dry season in the estuary of the Citarum River. The level of TDS has a linear relationship between salinity and electrical conductivity, with a value of R2 >95%.

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Little dragons prefer flowers to maidens: a lizard that laps nectar and pollinates trees

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032005000100018 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 185-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ivan Sazima ◽

Cristina Sazima ◽

Marlies Sazima

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Dry Season ◽

The Body ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Body Parts ◽

Flower Nectar ◽

Fernando De Noronha ◽

Island Habitats

Lizards rarely visit and pollinate flowers, the few recent records being mostly restricted to island habitats. We report here on the Noronha skink (Euprepis atlanticus) seeking nectar in the flowers of the leguminous mulungu tree (Erythrina velutina) at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeast Brazil. The mulungu tree blooms during the dry season, and each flower secretes copious and diluted nectar throughout the day. The Noronha skink climbs up to the inflorescences and laps the nectar accumulated in the flowers' base. While exploiting the flowers and crawling over the inflorescences, the body parts of the skink contact the anthers and stigmas and pollen adheres to the lizard's scales. The lizard visits inflorescences from the same and different trees, which renders it a potential pollinator. As the mulungu tree blooms during the dry season and the island has little or no natural freshwater supply during drought periods, we suggest that the Noronha skink seeks flower nectar both for its energetic, diluted sugars and the water content.

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INVENTARISASI AMFIBI RESORT CISARUA TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO BERDASARKAN MUSIM YANG BERBEDA

Jurnal Biosilampari Jurnal Biologi ◽

10.31540/biosilampari.v2i1.585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Agus Pambudi Dharma ◽

Meitiyani Meitiyani

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

River Flow ◽

Dry Season ◽

Survey Method ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽

Dry Seasons

This study aims to inventory amphibians in the Cimisblung Resort Cisarua Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP) the rainy season and dry season. Amphibian data collection was carried out in February - August 2019 in and night (19.00 - 23.00 WIB) days using a visual encounter survey method along 500 meters with the river flow aquatic) and terrestrial among others, below the surface of litter, rock, weathered wood, and in the bush. Amphibians were to view and record their morphology, then matched the images with amphibian identification books. After the next step was identified, the amphibian was photographed for documentation. If amphibians are not identified in the field, the amphibians are taken to the Cibinong Zoology LIPI to be identified. The results obtained were 13 species (Leptobrachium haseltii, Megophrys montana, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Leptophyryne cruentata, Rhacoporus javanus, Philautus aurifasciatus, dan Nycxtixalus margaritifer, Rana calconata, Huia masonii, Oddorana hosii, Limnonectes kuhlii, Fejevarya limnocharis, Fejevarya limnocharis, and Limnonectes microdiscus) with a difference in the number of species of 5 species between the rainy and dry seasons such as (Leptobrachium haseltii, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Leptophyryne cruentata, Philautus aurifasciatus, and Nycxtixalus margaritifer).

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The increasing isolation of Tarangire National Park

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605300019797 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Markus Borner

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

Dry Season ◽

Resident Species ◽

Zoological Society ◽

Tarangire National Park

In Tanzania, in the dry season, Tarangire National Park is second only to Ngorongoro in the concentrations of wildlife to be seen there. But there is a bleak outlook for the species that traditionally migrate to pastures outside the park in the rainy season. Over the last 10 years many of their routes out of the park have been blocked by farms and ranches, and further expansion of agricultural schemes could threaten the remainder. Part of the zebra and wildebeest populations that migrate north have already been lost. The author, who has been carrying out wildlife surveys in Tanzania for the Frankfurt Zoological Society for seven years, proposes some remedies to prevent the park from becoming the domain of only a few resident species.

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Spatial-Temporal Movements of Free Ranging Pigs at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda: Potential of Disease Control at a Local Scale

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.689377 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Ariane Payne ◽

Peter Ogweng ◽

Karl Ståhl ◽

Charles Masembe ◽

Ferran Jori

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

Dry Season ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Small Scale ◽

Domestic Pigs ◽

Wild Pigs ◽

Free Ranging

In many Ugandan rural communities, pigs are generally kept under traditional smallholder systems without basic biosecurity measures in place. In some instances, these systems are at the livestock-wildlife interface, as it is the case in Nwoya district, which is bordered by Murchison Falls National Park (MFNP). This pig system has potential for the maintenance and transmission of pathogens like African swine fever (ASF) between different herds, and also with wild pigs (warthogs and bushpigs). In this paper, we describe the spatial and temporal pattern of the movements of free ranging domestic pigs in a rural setting in Northern Uganda where ASF is endemic. We also determine their use of habitat to highlight the potential interaction hotspots between domestic pigs and between domestic and wild pig populations. We fitted 10 free-ranging domestic pigs owned by different homesteads with GPS harnesses during rainy and dry seasons. The pig home range, daily distance, activity pattern and habitat use were calculated. Our results show that the maximum area covered (MCP 100%) by the pigs varied between 35,965 and 475,077 m2. The core area varied from 1,317 to 50,769 m2. The pigs' home ranges were significantly bigger during the dry season than during the rainy season (Wilcoxon test, W = 22, p = 0.04). The mean full day (24 h) distance was longer in the dry season than in the rainy season (Student test, t = 2.7, p = 0.03). The pigs were mostly located within their own homestead, but they also used other homesteads, grass and crop fields. This study highlights that free-ranging domestic pigs may cover a wide area, especially during the dry season. Interestingly, the home range of pigs from different herds may overlap with areas used by wild pigs which share crops and other resources in this area. This study provides insights into a better understanding of the potential for spread of diseases such as ASF at small-scale and can be used to raise awareness of such risks and to better target implementation of preventive measures.

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Seasonal Variations of Densities of Biomphalaria pfeifferi, the Intermediate Host of Schistosoma mansoni Parasite at the North of Senegal

10.5772/intechopen.99217 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sidy Bakhoum ◽

Christopher J.E. Haggerty ◽

Cheikh Tidiane Ba ◽

Nicolas Jouanard ◽

Gilles Riveau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intermediate Host ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

Snail Host ◽

Biomphalaria Pfeifferi ◽

Saint Louis ◽

Snail Density ◽

The North ◽

Different Seasons

Schistosomiasis is becoming more persistent because of the widespread distribution of intermediate host snails in several regions of Africa, including Senegal. The intermediate snail host of the human intestinal schistosome is Biomphalaria pfeifferi and is permanently present in northern Senegal because of the presence of the abundant freshwater habitat throughout the year. Here, we observed the seasonal variation in B. pfeifferi abundance in the Saint-louis region at the North of Senegal in West Africa. We performed snail and environmental parameter sampling across two different seasons described for Senegal: a dry season that runs roughly from mid-October to mid-June and a rainy season that spans approximately from late June to early October. We also split the dry season into two categories representing periods of time when water temperatures were either decreasing (dry1) or increasing (dry2). We used regression analyses to model snail density across the seasons and investigated which environmental variables influenced snail abundance. Results suggested that snails were more abundant and peaked during the rainy season, which lowest abundances during the dry season when temperatures were declining. The above seasonal variations of snail density were positively linked to the environmental drivers including periphyton (food resource for snails), aquatic vegetation abundance, water temperature and dissolved oxygen and negatively to both pH and water conductivity. Our findings may be useful for snail control efforts by targeting specific periods and/or site conditions when snail abundances are greatest.

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