Fossil Holocene Ostracoda from the Itapeva Lake, Southern Brazilian coastal plain

Holocene ostracods from a core obtained in the Itapeva Lake, Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain, are studied in this paper. Twenty-six species belonging to 22 genera and 13 families were registered in nine samples analyzed, two of them new: Cytherella eros sp. nov. and Loxoconcha itapevensis sp. nov. The taxonomic composition of the assemblages varies along the core, being Cyprideis multidentataHartmann the most abundant and frequent species (273 specimens), followed by Cytheretta punctata Sanguinetti (56 specimens) and L.itapevensis sp. nov. (51 specimens). Variation in richness and diversity observed along the core probably results from sedimentary and hydrological changes during the evolution of the Itapeva Lake. The results obtained in this work reinforce the importance of ostracods in the study of coastal paleoenvironments. Keywords: barrier-lagoon system, biostratinomy, micropaleontology, Quaternary.

Parasitoids Collected from Animal Feces in Brazil

The purpose of the paper is to report the species of dipteran parasitoids in poultry feces on farms, buffalo, and cattle in the field in Brazil. The experiments were carried out from April 2006 to December 2007. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergency of the adult flies or their parasitoids. The specie more frequent was S endius with 7.2%. Were obtained from bovine feces 628 pupae of dipterous in buffalo feces, 3,437 pupae were collected and from chicken feces 2,799 pupae, from which 78, 172 and 504 parasitoids emerged, respectively. The most frequent species in bovine, of buffalo and chicken feces were: Gnathopleura quadridentata Wharton (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with 25.6%, Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) with 21.5% and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875) with 46.8%, respectively.

Biodiversity of Parasitoids Present in Agroforestry in Brazil

The aim of this study is to report the parasitoids collected on many substrates in the agroforestry area in Brazil. The experimental study was carried out in an agroforestry area in the south of Goiás, Brazil. Traps made of metal containers. They served as baits to attract flies: fish, bovine kidneys, human feces and chicken viscera deposited inside metal containers, on a layer of sand. This sand was sieved after the pupae were extracted and subsequently placed individually in small glass containers to obtain flies and parasitoids. From 745 pupae of dipteran collected 684 parasitoids emerged from 111 pupae. The most frequent species in this study was Aphaereta sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) 52.6%. The total percentage of parasitism obtained at work was 14.9%. Brachymeria podagrica Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) was the species that presented the highest percentage of parasitism with 55.0%, parasitizing Ophyra aenescens L. (Diptera: Muscidae) on human feces substrate

Copepods, hydromedusae and siphonophores: Diversity and distribution in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctic Peninsula

Project Biodiversity and oceanographic conditions of the strait of Gerlache “Biogerlache-Antarctica”, aims to carry out the characterization of the Antarctic fauna of the strait, generating new contributions to the biological inventories of Antarctica. Present work focuses on the biodiversity of the zooplanktonic community, specifically on copepods, hydromedusae and siphonophorae collected during the III Antarctic Expedition of Colombia “Admiral Padilla” (2016-2017). Sampling was carried out in seven oceanographic stations located along the Gerlache strait, with vertical trawls between the maximum depth of the station and the surface. 4100 organisms belonging to 38 species of the phylum Arthropoda (Orders Calanoid and Cyclopoid) and 10 species of the phylum Cnidaria (Subclasses Hydroidolina and Trachylina) were identified. Copepods families with the greatest richness of genera are Aetideidae and Metridinidae, with Metridia gerlachei, Chiridius polaris and Gaetanus tenuispinosus being frequent species in more than 50 % of the stations. Identified species are common to the Antarctic Peninsula (Bellingshausen Sea, Scotia Sea and the Weddell Sea), also the range of four copepods are extended for the epipelagic and mesopelagic waters of the Gerlache Strait. Other frequent species are the hydromedusae Arctapodema sp. and Solmundella bitentaculata and the siphonophores Dimophyes arctica and Diphyes antarctica, the latter being collected in both polygastric and eudoxic forms (the dominant form in all stations).

First Report on the Diversity of Epizoic Algae in Larval of Shellfish Gastropod Aliger gigas

Epibiosis occur frequently on the shells of some marine crustaceans, which often serve as substrate for various species of algae, there is few information on the associations between these. The objective of this study was to determine if the gastropod mollusk Aliger gigas (formerly Lobatus gigas) in larval had some sort of the association with algal. To the above was carried out collecting egg masses in the environment, the larvae were cultivated in seawater filtered 5 μm. The algal material found was observed in electron microscopy, for its identification and quantification. We analyzed 60 larvae aged 2–44 days for analyzing the structure of the shell and its epibionts. Of the larvae analyzed, 50 larvae presented epizoic. The algae community consisted of 28 taxa, and composed of 25 diatoms (Bacillariophyta) and three cyanophytes (Cyanobacteria). The H´ diversity values fluctuated between 0.2 a 1.2. The dominant and frequent species were formed by diatoms: Nitzschia panduriformis var. minor, Halamphora sp. and Cyclophora sp.

Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory samples: a 5-year epidemiological study

Background. This study describes the characteristics of patients with positive cultures of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in respiratory samples and determines the risk factors that predispose for a reinfection with different NTM species. Methods. Patients with NTM isolates in respiratory samples between 2013 and 2017 were studied. Additionally, risk factors and comorbidities of reinfected patients were analyzed. Results. The study was focused on the 280 patients with NTM isolation (28 were reinfected with at least another species). Mycobacterium avium was the main isolated species. 68% were men. Median age was 73.2. Most remarkable risk factors were: tobacco, COPD and bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis turned out to be a statistically significant risk factor for reinfection. Only 12 patients (12.4%) were treated. Conclusion. NTM were mainly identified in elderly patients. The most frequent comorbidities were COPD and smoking, whereas the most frequent species was M. avium. Previous bronchiectasis was a predisposing factor for reinfection.

New leaf species from the upper Miocene flora of the leaf-bearing Wischgrund clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

This is a brief outline of the fossil content of the Wischgrund leaf-bearing clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg State, Germany), which belongs to the youngest Neogene layers of Lower Lusatia (upper Miocene, Tortonian). It is a deciduous temperate flora, with a small proportion of evergreen species. The reconstructed vegetation can be assigned to an azonal swamp forest with Taxodium and a riparian forest with Liquidambar and Acer as the most frequent species. Furthermore, a zonal Mixed Mesophytic Forest characterized by Quercus and Fagus is proposed in upland positions. The flora consists of 78 species of leaves, 51 carpological species and 82 palynological groups. The climate belongs to Cfa-type according to Köppen. Two new species of leaves are described from there, Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. and Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov.

Tracking disappeared species III. Occurrence of Coleophora absinthii Wocke, 1877 in Hungary (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae)

Coleophora absinthii Wocke, 1877 is represented in the Hungarian Natural History Museum by only one voucher specimen from Hungary. The species was collected for the first time in 1952 from Hungary but, in spite of several publications reporting it as a frequent species, no specimen of C. absinthii has been deposited in the museum since its first record. We found the species between 2018 and 2020 in six new Hungarian localities. The tubular case, the case made of flowers, the adult, the genitalia and the distribution map of the species are presented.

Identification of bacteria and parasites with medical importance present in common fly (Musca domestica), captured in a highly marginated community

The common fly (Musca domestica L.) is a mechanical vector and can be a biological vector through ingestion and regurgitation. In rural communities is common to observe numerous populations of this, consequence of multiple unsanitary sites. The present study was carried out in order to identify the species of bacteria and parasites with medical importance present in the common fly, captured in homes and microhabitats (chicken coops, pigsty and backyards) in homes of the community of Cholul, Cantamayec. 20 species of bacteria were identified: E. coli (41.78%) was the most frequent species in all processed flies. In turn, households (45.20%) were the place where the greatest amount of bacterial species was isolated, being E. coli (42.42%), the frequent species, in the same way in pigsty (45.65%), chicken coops (38.09%) and backyards (30.76%). Regarding the enteroparasites identified from the digestive cavity of flies, Endolimax nana (38.46%) was the frequent cyst and Ascaris lumbricoides (15.38%), the only nematode found. In turn, the pigsty (n = 5) was the site with the highest number of isolated enteroparasites. The results obtained show that flies carry pathogens that could be involved in human infections ofcommunity origin.

Algal communities of the waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica

In continental waterbodies of Antarctic oases specific algal communities are forming. The structure and dominating complex of species of this communities due to different distance from the seashore and latitude, the composition of the constituent rocks, altitude and the presence in the past of periods of contact with sea water is unique for different oases. It may vary in different waterbodies within one oasis besides.Aim of the research is to describe different types of algal communities from the continental waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis and it’s confinement to the different types of waterbodies.Samples were collected from 173 waterbodies: 151 with stagnant water and 22 streams.During the study 64 species of Cyanoprokaryotes were found, and this group usually dominated in communities. Also 14 most frequent species of Chlorophyta, 12 most frequent species of Bacillariophyta, 6 species of desmid algae, 2 species of Xanthophyceae, 1 species of Eustigmatophyceae were noted in benthos. Usually resting stages and in one case — life cells of Golden algae (Chrysophyceae, Synurophyceae) were found in mats on the bottom of big lakes. Plankton algae in most of the waterbodies had very low abundance and diversity and were strongly influensed by trophic level. Benthic algal communities were much more diverse and abundant. Eight sustainable types of benthic algal communities were revealed in continental waterbodyes of Schirmacher Oasis. Form, colour, and species composition of bentic films and mats strongly depended on temperature, conductivity and pH of the waterbody and its depth.