scholarly journals People and jaguars: new insights into the role of social factors in an old conflict

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 678-686
Author(s):  
Flavia Caruso ◽  
Pablo G. Perovic ◽  
Andrés Tálamo ◽  
Carolina B. Trigo ◽  
María S. Andrade-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
People’S Attitudes

AbstractThroughout its range in Latin America, the jaguar Panthera onca is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, and by conflict as a result of coexistence with people. This Near Threatened species is a top predator, and is often illegally hunted. Understanding people's attitudes and perceptions and the factors that could influence them is crucial for the conservation of this species. In this study we assess how knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among people in northern Argentina regarding jaguars vary depending on their level of education, age and occupation. We interviewed 810 people living in and around 10 protected areas in northern Argentina. Positive perceptions and attitudes towards the jaguar were associated with economic benefits that people may receive from the species’ presence, such as income from tourism. Unexpectedly, higher levels of formal education were not associated with more positive attitudes and perceptions. Negative attitudes and perceptions towards the species were determined by fear; people see jaguars as a threat to their lives. This study shows that the socio-economic factors that affect the level of tolerance towards jaguars are not related only to economic losses. Our findings provide information for the design, implementation and evaluation of jaguar conservation projects in Argentina.

scholarly journals The Role of Education and Knowledge about Aging in Creating Young People’s Attitudes to the Elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Goriup ◽  
Danijela Lahe
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
School Students ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Intergenerational Cooperation

AbstractIntroduction: With the intensive growth in the number of older people and prolonged life span in the contemporary postmodern society, it has become increasingly important to build positive intergenerational cooperation and promote education on aging and older people, especially between younger and older generations. That is why the authors, on the basis of empirical research and scientific literature, examined knowledge about aging among young people and the connection between knowledge about aging and the formation of negative attitudes towards older people.Methods: The study involved 609 secondary school students aged 15 to 19 years.Results: The survey results showed that only one-fifth of the young population has good knowledge about aging. The relationship between knowledge about aging and ageism is negative, which means that young people with less knowledge about aging often have a negative attitude towards older people.Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, the authors underline the importance of integrating gerontology content in all stages of education.

Attitudes

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-158
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
People’S Attitudes

There are many options to eat something delicious and fast. Some people like McDonald's, others like Burger King or Wendy's. Some people dislike Dominos while others prefer tacos for breakfast. People's attitudes reflect their likes and dislikes. All the thoughts of individuals, likes and dislikes about objects, constitute their attitudes. Attitude objects are anything that individuals can hold an attitude about. Attitude objects can be physical (food) or abstract (personal values, lifestyles). If a consumer has a negative attitude towards a product, he does not think to try it. Moreover, these attitudes drive consumer decision making. So, to understand consumer attitudes towards their product is critical for marketers. First, they should discover consumer attitudes towards their products. Later they should support positive attitudes consumer have, or they should find ways of changing the negative attitudes of the consumers to positive. This chapter discusses consumer attitudes, its importance, attitude models, and changing consumer attitudes strategies.

Concordance in spousal reports of current contraceptive use in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Dipti Govil ◽  
Nidhi Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence

Abstract Couple-level reports of contraceptive use are important as wives and husbands may report their use differently. Using matched couple data (N = 63,060) from India’s NFHS-4 (2015–16), this study examined concordance in spousal reports of current contraceptive use and its differentials. Reporting of contraceptive use was higher among wives (59.0%) than husbands (25.2%). Concordance was low; 16.5% of couples reported the current use of the same method, while 20.4% reported the current use of any method. Many husbands did not report female sterilization as a means of contraception being used by their wives. Reconstruction of contraceptive use among men, based on the ‘ever-use of sterilization’ question asked to men, increased concordance by 10%. Multivariate analyses showed that concordance was low in urban and southern India, among younger women and among women with a lower wealth index. Men’s control over household decision-making and negative attitudes towards contraception were associated with lower concordance. The findings highlight the importance of using couple-level data to estimate contraceptive prevalence, and the role of education programmes to inculcate positive attitudes towards contraception, fostering gender equality and involving men in family planning efforts. The results also raise the issue of data quality as the survey questions were asked differently to men and women, which might have contributed to the wide observed discordance.

Discussing the posthosting evaluation of a mega sporting event: The perception of Warsaw Residents toward UEFA EURO 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Garbacz ◽  
J Cadima Ribeiro ◽  
Paulo Reis Mourão
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
International Identity ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City

The aim of this paper is to identify Warsaw residents’ perceptions and attitudes toward the UEFA EURO 2012 tournament. The investigation focused on how residents of Warsaw perceived the impacts of the tournament one year after the event. A questionnaire survey was applied using a stratified sampling method to 480 residents of Warsaw. The results of the survey and ordered logit regressions show that although the residents did not perceive that the economic benefits of the tournament were spread uniformly, a large majority valued the tournament’s role in promoting Warsaw as a tourist destination and enhancing the international identity of the city. Whereas residents generally displayed positive attitudes toward EURO 2012 in terms of lifting their pride and bringing the community closer together, they also noted some negative impacts of the event. The opinions expressed about the tournament depended on the age, education, and income of the responders. A majority of the residents agreed that the positive impacts of EURO 2012 outweighed the negative.

scholarly journals The Role of Learners’ Attitudes Toward Parental Involvement in L2 English Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Jung-Tae Kim ◽  
Rusty Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
South Korea ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Korean Efl Learners

This paper seeks to examine Korean EFL learners’ perceptions of parental involvement and how their attitudes toward parental involvement are associated with the success of parental involvement. Two hundred fifty four EFL children in South Korea participated in a survey asking the degree of their parent’s involvement in seven involvement types and their attitudes towards parental involvement. The results showed that while all types of parental involvement were positively correlated with English proficiency for the group of children with positive attitudes towards parental involvement, no such correlations were found for the group of children with highly negative attitudes. In addition, for the group of children with moderately negative attitudes toward parental involvement, only less direct, autonomy-supportive parental involvement was found to be related to their achievement. These results suggest that learners’ attitudes toward parental involvement may be a factor that delimits the positive influence of parental involvement on EFL learners’ achievement.

scholarly journals Nonlinearity of the Relationship between Human Capital and Exportation in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Joaquim Fraga ◽  
Carlos José Caetano Bacha
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Relationship

For Brazil to realize the economic benefits of competitive advantage, it is critically important that the country's policy makers have an awareness of the determinants of Brazilian exports. Our study aims to evaluate the role of human capital measured by the average years of workforce formal education, in the value of exports from each Brazilian state from 1995 through 2006, highlighting differences among the states and/or regions. Based on the Dixit and Woodland (1982) model, our empirical analysis is implemented by running a regression of data organized into a panel that takes into account the fixed effects (i.e., the amenities) found in each of the 27 Brazilian states (including the Federal District). Our findings are consistent with the selected theoretical model and indicate that human capital in Brazil has a nonlinear effect on exportation with an inflection point of 6.7 years of formal education.

scholarly journals People’s Perceptions about the Socio-Economic and Environmental Impact of Coastal Green Belt in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Tanmoy Dey ◽  
Md. Golam Morshed Rajib ◽  
Md. Akramul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The People ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Understanding the perceptions and attitudes of local people towards afforestation is crucial for successful afforestation. To better understand the people's perceptions about the coastal green belt, we surveyed the Satkhira and Bhola districts during January 2021. A questionnaire survey of 200 respondents was conducted by a purposive and random sampling technique to obtain quantitative data. On the other hand, two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were performed to obtain qualitative data based on the diversity of age, sex, education, and occupation variables. We used to evaluate the respondent’s perceptions about the coastal green belt by 5-point Likert scale data. The majority portion of the people in our study area was poor and their profession was fisherman and housewife among males and women respectively. The majority of them agreed that the green belt helped them in numerous ways, to rear their cattle and built a house near the green belt, by promoting the growth of crops, and further protect them from different natural calamities by reducing wind velocity. Shelterbelts greatly enhance tourism in that area, improved communication facilities, and increase their socio-economic condition and values. Shelterbelt has long-term benefits, peoples have positive attitudes towards shelterbelt and they seek training to maintain this shelterbelt smoothly. Respondents wanted fruit tree species as shelterbelt species near the embankment. This information can be used for policy formulation in terms of successful plantation by considering people’s attitudes, which may work in both mitigation and adaptation of climate change in the coastal remote areas of Bangladesh.

Investigation of Attitudes and Perceptions of Human Resource Managers at Hospitality Establishments Regarding Affirmative Action Programs A Case Study in Eskişehir-Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Davut Uysal ◽  
Rahman Temizkan ◽  
Nazmi Taslacı
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Positive Discrimination

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions and attitudes of human resource managers at some hospitality organisations regarding the employment of disadvantaged individuals as part of affirmative action program in the province of Eskişehir-Turkey. This study is a qualitative study focusing on real cases to inspire other organisations. The data were collected through active interviews, and the collected data was analysed through the use of manual qualitative data analysis methods. The findings of the study reveal that perceptions of human resource managers regarding disadvantaged individuals at hospitality organisations are closely related to disabled individuals. They do not have positive attitudes towards the employment of disadvantaged individuals in tourism as part of affirmative action programs. They are also against positive discrimination of disadvantaged individuals in the employment in tourism for some reasons. All these findings suggest that participants are confused about some terms regarding affirmative action.

scholarly journals Determinants of herder attitudes towards the Vulnerable snow leopard Panthera uncia in Yushu Prefecture, China

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte E. Hacker ◽  
Yunchuan Dai ◽  
Yifan Cheng ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yuguang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Snow Leopards ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Panthera Uncia

Abstract Yushu Prefecture in Qinghai Province provides some of the largest known stretches of habitat for the Vulnerable snow leopard Panthera uncia in China. People living in these areas are dependent on agropastoralism. Support from local communities is necessary for effective long-term conservation action for snow leopards, but loss of livestock to snow leopards can create financial burdens that induce negative attitudes and encourage retaliatory killing. We assessed factors driving herders' attitudes towards snow leopards and their conservation. We found that herders had higher agreement with positive than with negative statements about snow leopards despite nearly half reporting livestock loss to snow leopards within the last 5 years. No retaliatory killing was reported. Herders with more years of formal education and fewer livestock losses were more likely to have positive attitudes whereas those with lower importance of snow leopards to their religion, fewer livestock losses, and fewer years of education were more likely to have negative attitudes. Understanding the multifaceted mechanisms responsible for positive views towards species is imperative for reaching conservation goals. Our findings ascribe to the importance of increased education and adherence to Tibetan beliefs in promoting conservation tolerance towards snow leopards in Qinghai Province, but also indicate a need for further research into the impact of livestock loss.

Gender Differences in Attitudes toward Mathematics among Undergraduate College Students: The Role of Environmental Variables

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Kwiatkowski ◽  
Richard Dammer ◽  
Jon K. Mills ◽  
Chwan-Shyang Jih
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mathematics ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Required Courses

Differences associated with gender in perceptions and attitudes toward mathematics were investigated in a sample of 132 undergraduates. The Mathematics Attitude Questionnaire was administered to 64 male and 68 female college students recruited from general required courses. On three factor scores the college students were compared. The men showed more interest in mathematics and were more likely than the women to enroll in mathematics courses. These findings suggest that women's attitudes and perceptions toward mathematics are less positive than those of men. The influences of environmental variables on college students' attitudes toward mathematics were also discussed.

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