scholarly journals A late antique ceramic workshop complex: evidence for workshop organisation at Sagalassos (southwest Turkey)

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Murphy ◽  
Jeroen Poblome
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Work Units ◽  
Independent Work

AbstractSites of ceramic production have been discovered throughout the area that was once the Roman Empire; as a result, it is becoming increasingly clear that this industry was, in the Roman and late antique worlds, organised in numerous ways. In consideration of the organisational diversity in ceramic production attested during the period, this article presents some of the findings from the excavations of a late antique complex of ceramic workshops at the site of Sagalassos in order to consider archaeological evidence in terms of, not only the organisation of the manufacturing process, but also structures of workshop decision-making. Several lines of archaeological evidence are outlined, and argue for a model of independent work units integrated into a larger organisational structure of decision-making, and possibly even ownership, across the complex. In addition, the motivation to invest in a multi-workshop complex during the late antique period at Sagalassos is contextualised within the wider history of local and regional economic development.

Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Machado
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Elite ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This book analyses the physical, social, and cultural history of Rome in late antiquity. Between AD 270 and 535, the former capital of the Roman empire experienced a series of dramatic transformations in its size, appearance, political standing, and identity, as emperors moved to other cities and the Christian church slowly became its dominating institution. Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome provides a new picture of these developments, focusing on the extraordinary role played by members of the traditional elite, the senatorial aristocracy, in the redefinition of the city, its institutions, and spaces. During this period, Roman senators and their families became increasingly involved in the management of the city and its population, in building works, and in the performance of secular and religious ceremonies and rituals. As this study shows, for approximately three hundred years the houses of the Roman elite competed with imperial palaces and churches in shaping the political map and the social life of the city. Making use of modern theories of urban space, the book considers a vast array of archaeological, literary, and epigraphic documents to show how the former centre of the Mediterranean world was progressively redefined and controlled by its own elite.

Religious Dissent in Late Antiquity, 350-450

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maijastina Kahlos
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Dissent ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Roman

Religious Dissent in Late Antiquity reconsiders the religious history of the late Roman Empire, focusing on the shifting position of dissenting religious groups. The groups under consideration are non-Christians (‘pagans’) and deviant Christians (‘heretics’). The period from the mid-fourth century until the mid-fifth century CE witnessed a significant transformation of late Roman society and a gradual shift from the world of polytheistic religions into the Christian Empire. This book demonstrates that the narrative is much more nuanced than the simple Christian triumph over the classical world. It looks at everyday life, economic aspects, day-to-day practices, and conflicts of interest in the relations of religious groups. The book addresses two aspects: rhetoric and realities, and consequently delves into the interplay between the manifest ideologies and daily life found in late antique sources. We perceive constant flux between moderation and coercion that marked the relations of religious groups, both majorities and minorities, as well as the imperial government and religious communities. Religious Dissent in Late Antiquity is a detailed analysis of selected themes and a close reading of selected texts, tracing key elements and developments in the treatment of dissident religious groups. The book focuses on specific themes, such as the limits of imperial legislation and ecclesiastical control, the end of sacrifices, and the label of magic. It also examines the ways in which dissident religious groups were construed as religious outsiders in late Roman society.

The Comparative Study of “Scholasticism” in Late Antique Mesopotamia: Rabbis and East Syrians

AJS Review ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam H. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Rabbinic Judaism ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of

Now is an appropriate time to reconsider the historiographical benefit that a comparative study of the East Syrian (“Nestorian”) schools and the Babylonian rabbinic academies may offer. This is attributable both to the recent, rapid increase in scholarship on Jewish–Christian relations in the Roman Empire and late antiquity more broadly, and to the return by some scholars of rabbinic Judaism to the issues of a scholarly exchange of the late 1970s and early 1980s about the nature of rabbinic academic institutionalization. Furthermore, over the past twenty years, scholars of classics, Greek and Roman history, and late antiquity have significantly added to the bibliography on the transmission of knowledge—in lay person's terms, education—in the Greco-Roman and early Christian worlds. Schools continue to be an intense topic of conversation, and my own recent work on the School of Nisibis and the East Syrian schools in general suggests that the transformations and innovations of late antiquity also occurred in the Sasanian Empire, at a great distance from the centers of classical learning, such as Athens, Alexandria, and Antioch. The recently reexamined East Syrian sources may help push the conversation about rabbinic academic institutionalization forward. However, the significance of this issue is not simply attributable to its bearing on the social and institutional history of rabbinic institutions. Such inquiry may also reflect on how we understand the Babylonian Talmud and on the difficult redaction history of its constituent parts. Furthermore, I hope that the discussion offered herein will contribute to the ongoing analysis of the late antique creation and formalization of cultures of learning, which were transmitted, in turn, into the Eastern (i.e., Islamic and “Oriental” Christian and Jewish) and Western Middle Ages within their corresponding communities.

RELIGIOUS RITUALS AT SPRINGS IN THE LATE ANTIQUE AND EARLY MEDIEVAL WORLD

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard W. Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Controversy

The extent to which spring veneration survived the Christianisation of the Roman Empire and that of its early medieval successor states has been the subject of much academic controversy. Scholars have mainly focused on information provided by ecclesiastical writers and medieval legislation. This study explores what contribution a systematic analysis of the archaeological evidence can make, notably coins. It takes into account a series of important discoveries, never discussed in this context before. At least up to the late 4th c., there is ample proof for widespread spring veneration within the Empire and beyond. However, changes to associated rituals, probably at least in part a result of the increasing scarcity of base metal coins and other popular non-organic offerings, make it more difficult to prove or disprove continuity of cult into the period after A.D. 400.

Cities and the Meanings of Late Antiquity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-112
Author(s):  
Mark Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
New Generation

Abstract The last half century has seen an explosion in the study of late antiquity, largely prompted by the influence of the works of Peter Brown. This new scholarship has characterised the period between the third and seventh centuries not as one of catastrophic collapse, but rather as one of dynamic and positive transformation. Where observers formerly had seen only a bleak picture of decline and fall, a new generation of scholars preferred to emphasise how the Roman Empire evolved into the new polities, societies, and cultures of the medieval West, Byzantium, and Islam. Yet research on the fortunes of cities in this period has provoked challenges to this increasingly accepted positive picture of late antiquity and has prompted historians to speak once more in terms that evoke Edward Gibbon’s History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. This study surveys the nature of the current debate, examining problems associated with the sources historians use to examine late-antique urbanism, as well as the discourses and methodological approaches they have constructed from them. It aims to set out the difficulties and opportunities presented by the study of cities in late antiquity, how understanding the processes affecting them has issued challenges to the scholarly orthodoxy on late antiquity, and how the evidence suggests that this transitional period witnessed real upheaval and dislocation alongside continuity and innovation in cities around the Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Review of: Atlante Storico del Christianesimo antico. A cura di Angelo Di Bernardino con la collaborazione di Gianluca Pila. Istituto Patristico Augustinianum Dipartimento di Studi Classici e Christiani. Università di Bari. Bologna, 2010. ISBN 978-88-10-45304-9

2021 ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Юлия Николаевна Бузыкина
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geographical Maps ◽  
Ancient Christianity ◽  
New Religion

Исторический атлас древнего христианства, подготовленный под редакцией Анджело Бернардино, призван познакомить читателей и созерцателей с историей распространения христианства с момента его возникновения по VIII столетие. Для этого составители подготовили географические карты Римской империи тех времён, соотнесли позднеантичные реалии с современными, снабдив получившиеся карты комментариями. Для истории распространения христианства атлас подходит как нельзя лучше, ведь проповедь новой религии носила изначально экспансивный характер, а римские реалии с их развитым транспортом и дорогами делали возможной эту экспансию. The Historical Atlas of Ancient Christianity, edited by Angelo Bernardino, aims to acquaint readers and contemplators with the history of the spread of Christianity from its origins to the eighth century. The authors have prepared geographical maps of the Roman Empire of those times, correlated late antique realities with modern ones, and provided the resulting maps with commentary. For the history of the spread of Christianity, the atlas is particularly suitable, as the preaching of the new religion was initially expansive, and the Roman reality, with its developed transport and roads, made this expansion possible.

Nicopolis ad Istrum: Backward and Balkan?

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. WHITTOW
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of

The story of Nicopolis ad Istrum and its citizens exemplifies much that is common to the urban history of the whole Roman Empire. This chapter reviews the history of Nicopolis and its transition into the small fortified site of the fifth to seventh centuries and compares it with the evidence from the Near East and Asia Minor. It argues that Nicopolis may not have experienced a cataclysm as has been suggested, and that, as in the fifth and sixth century west, where landowning elites showed a striking ability to adapt and survive, there was an important element of continuity on the lower Danube, which in turn may account for the distinctive ‘Roman’ element in the early medieval Bulgar state. It also suggests that the term ‘transition to Late Antiquity’ should be applied to what happened at Nicopolis in the third century: what happened there in the fifth was the transition to the middle ages. This chapter also describes late antique urbanism in the Balkans by focusing on the Justiniana Prima site.

Britain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin C. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Early History ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Imperial Expansion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 1 establishes the historical timeframe for Roman Britain and places Boudica’s revolt in the context of Roman imperial expansion. The early history of Roman Britain shows the impact of the Romans from the time of Julius Caesar onward. After Claudius’s conquest of Britain in AD 43, Boudica’s Iceni rebelled unsuccessfully in AD 47/48. After the death of her husband Prasutagus, a number of issues combined to spark the revolt of AD 60/61. This chapter details Boudica’s revolt, focusing on discrepancies in our ancient sources and archaeological evidence. After her death, Roman rule continued to expand. While Boudica had little lasting impact on the expansion of Roman rule, she remained a cultural reference point for questions of gender and the negotiation of power in the Roman Empire.

The origins and early history of the Pontic-Cappadocian frontier

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Early History ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

AbstractWith an overall length of about 550km, the Pontic-Cappadocian frontier was among the longest in the Roman Empire. It is also the least known, as there is a minimal amount of literary, epigraphic and archaeological evidence available for the location and identity of the province's garrison. In addition, many of the military stations known or believed to have existed on the frontier are now lost beneath the waters of the Keban dam. However, a re-examination of the available evidence, along with recent limited and spontaneous fieldwork in the region, allows for some tentative remarks to be made on the origins and early history of this frontier. These form the main subject of this article, and include the suggestion that Nero should be credited with the genesis of this frontier, not Vespasian, as usually indicated in the modern literature.

scholarly journals Asylum Decision-Making in Switzerland

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-74
Author(s):  
Laura Affolter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Standard Of Proof ◽  
Asylum Law ◽  
Time Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asylum Procedure

AbstractThis chapter provides an outline of how the Swiss asylum procedure works. It contextualises the current asylum procedure within the history of asylum politics in Switzerland since the 1950s and within broader global developments. Three major trends are discussed: the sharp decline of the recognition rate since the 1980s and with it the emergence of the so-called “fight against abuse”, the proliferation of legal categories and the frequent changes made to asylum law in this same time period, and the development of an ever more specialised asylum administration in Switzerland. The chapter introduces readers to the Swiss Secretariat for Migration (SEM) and its organisational structure as it existed until 2019, the main elements of asylum law that structure SEM officials’ decision-making and to the particular standard of proof in refugee status determination.

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