scholarly journals International Dimension of Agricultural Prices

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur B. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Prices ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Price ◽  
Single World

Events of the past two years, specifically the agricultural price explosion of 1973, have strongly emphasized the growing interdependency of countries in the production, consumption and trade in agricultural products. The illusion of a closed agricultural economy has been dealt a series of severe blows. The world monetary crisis, the dollar devaluations, and sharply increased foreign demand for U.S. commodities have suggested that there is a single world market for basic commodities.

scholarly journals Trends on the Artificial Fertilizer Market and in Fertilizers Use in Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Gergő Ács
Keyword(s):  
Base Material ◽  
World Market ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Base

The fertilizer market in Hungary is rather concentrated, which has a strong influence on the price of the fertilizer. Our domestic fertilizer use is primarily determined by that of nitrogen. The use of phosphorus is also significant but the trends in the use of potassium do not match the total quantities applied in individual years. Consequently, it can be concluded that the majority of farmers still focus on the application of nitrogen and also apply phosphorus but either neglect or do not pay enough attention to potassium fertilization. The changes in fertilizer prices between 2006 and 2017 can be broken down into two periods. Until 2012 a very important and dynamic increase was observed as a result of which the prices of N, P and K fertilizers increased by 80-120%, 160% and about 120%, respectively. This was followed by a downturn in the market and in relation to 2012 prices there were 20-30/ decreases experienced until 2017 but the rate of this lagged behind the prices in other European countries. Owing to this trend the prices of N, P and K have increased by 60%, 100% and 80%, respectively, over the past ten years. The correlation between fertilizer application and the prices of fertilizers in any given year is low but there is a positive one observed between fertilizer application and the fertilizer prices in the preceding year. This means supposedly that farmers mostly buy the fertilizers they wish to apply not in the current but in the preceding year and store them until these are applied. There is a strong correlation seen between fertilizer prices and the prices of corn and wheat, which means that fertilizer traders also keep tabs on economic results and also increase fertilizer prices under the influence of higher prices. Furthermore, it can be claimed that there is no correlation between crude oil prices on the world market and domestic N fertilizer prices. This is an important factor since the primary base material of N fertilizers is natural gas and their production involves considerable energy costs as well. It can be seen, however, that this is not what determines our domestic fertilizer prices, which can be explained by the fact that the price calculations by the determining actors on the Hungarian fertilizer market is not based on costs but on the demand. JEL Classification: Q13

scholarly journals Application of Price Elasticities To Farm Policy Analysis: Reply

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
Earl A. Stennis ◽  
W. Lanny Bateman
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
It Use ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
Elasticity Estimate ◽  
The World ◽  
Single World ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Total Market

Huang's comment on our article in a recent issue of this journal [2] points out two ideas that could have been more clearly stated. We will reply to his comments in the order in which they appear.First, our illustration of the two approaches to examining the market was to demonstrate how economic theory could be used to show the importance of the world market to producers of cotton and soybeans. One approach separates the total market into domestic and export components. We pointed out that the elasticity estimates used for the domestic (—.35) and export (—1.76) markets and the production data for 1976 give a total elasticity estimate for the U.S. of -.98 if the world elasticity is -.5. The other approach (the primary subject of Huang's comment) uses a single world market and illustrates how the U.S. affects or is affected by it. Use of the second approach gives a U.S. elasticity of —1.0 when the world elasticity is —.5. It was not our intention to compare the two approaches as to consistency of estimate, although the example may have implied such an argument. Given the same data base and consistent methods in estimating the separate demand functions, the results should be similar.

Strategic Positioning of Turkey Agricultural Products on the Agricultural World Market

2016 ◽  
pp. 366-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamadoun Sidibe
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Strategic Positioning ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
World Export ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Market Share

Applying a strategic management perspective, particularly the BCG tool, this chapter demonstrates that the agricultural products exported by Turkey are distributed unevenly on the four cells of the global agricultural markets matrix: almost of its products (236 products or 85.20% of its portfolio) are Question Marks, two products are a Star, one product is a Cash cow, and 38 products are Dogs. Such a situation creates important strategic choices for the leaders of the country and for its businesses. None of Turkey top ten exports were among the top ten growers in the world. Turkey is world export leader in ten products, but these products are not the world most growing markets, and the country should increase its relative market share in some of its ten top exports, and also consider developing organic product segments, and eliminate tobacco products in its portfolio.

Measurement Model of Organisational Culture as Perceived by Staff at the Islamic University in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-185
Author(s):  
Farooq Miiro ◽  
Mohd Ibrahim Burhan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
World Market ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Players

Organizational culture plays a pivotal role in the development and change of organizations. To achieve institutional competitiveness and repositioning on the world market all key players in the institutional development need to be on the same page in terms of organizational culture. A mammoth of studies have been done in the past to explore organizational culture structure but there were no attempts done to validate and measure the construct on employee behaviour and thoughts at the Islamic University in Uganda. The purpose of this study therefore is to measure and validate organisational construct as perceived by staff at the Islamic University in Uganda. The study employed four dimensions to examine organizational culture, and 361 staff through randomization participated in the study. To arrive at the intention of the study SEM-Amos technique of data analysis was used to confirm the hypothesized measurement model. The results indicated that meaningful value, support and promotion of values, discipline values and free style value are true and valid predictors of organizational culture structure.

Maquiladora Operations for Shipbuilding

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Gary Laughlin ◽  
Guillermo Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
World Market ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
The U.S

The maquiladora program was established by the Mexican Government to encourage foreign investment and promote industrial growth. The success of the program encourages more and more participation each year. The low cost of labor in Mexico has attracted U.S. companies in all types of manufacturing with the exception of shipbuilding. With the focus on the domestic shipbuilding market over the past 25 years, U.S. shipyards have lacked the impetus to establish a maquiladora operation. The world market for shipbuilding has been steadily improving, while the U.S. domestic market has been steadily decreasing. The opportunities for U.S. shipyards to focus their strategies on the world market may not get any better. By understanding the complexities of establishing a maquiladora operation and then integrating the operation into its overall production plan, a shipbuilder can begin to realize that large labor cost savings are possible.

‘With a little bit of luck…’ Coping with adjustment in urban Ghana, 1975–90

Africa ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Brydon
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Volatile Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Field Notes

AbstractUsing largely anecdotal evidence from field notes, the article traces Ghana's formal economic decline through the 1970s. Perceptions of striving for survival and success are sketched out during this overwhelmingly pessimistic period. There follows a description of people's views about survival and ‘the state of play’ in Ghana's economic progress in the late 1980s and early 1990s. These discursive comments are followed by some simple quantitative material about work, the availability of jobs and the structure of the labour market at the time. What becomes obvious, given that Ghanaians are actually continuing their lives much as they have in the past, is that the IMF's and World Bank's policy prescriptions and strategies for the development of manufacturing industry, for attracting the ‘world market factories’ of the multinationals, are not being achieved. Instead, Ghanaians have focused (as they always have) on strategies for networking and getting a break: striking it ‘lucky’, in fact. The relatively newly discovered volatile element in the World Bank's calculations has long been a (if not the) core factor in the plans of many small enterprises. Meanwhile Ghanaians are trying, hoping for some ‘luck’, to survive and even prosper into the next millennium.

scholarly journals World Trade Market Structure for Corn

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Baghestany ◽  
Saeed Yazdani ◽  
Majid Ahmadian
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
World Market ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Coarse Grain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Market

Corn, after Wheat and rice, is the third most strategic agricultural products in the world. This product also provides poultry feed, grain, edible oil beneficial for starch, glucose, and even the production of biofuels. Corn is by far the largest component of world coarse-grain trade, accounting for about three-quarters of total volume in recent years. Most of the corn that is traded is used for feed; smaller amounts are traded for industrial and food uses. This paper aims to determine market structure of corn which can play important roles in the adoption of appropriate policies. This study uses different indexes: concentration ratio, Herfindahl, Entropy and logarithmic standard deviation to determine market structure of exports and imports of this product during 2000-2011. The results have shown that the structure of the world market for imports and exports of corn was opened oligopoly and monopoly with a dominant firm.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i5.11856

scholarly journals The Effect of Humic Aerosol Treatment on Grain Seeds Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-267
Author(s):  
Olga A. Teterina ◽  
Vladimir S. Teterin ◽  
Sergey V. Mitrofanov ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Kostenko ◽  
Georgiy K. Rembalovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
The World ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction. According to experts, in the coming years, the world market of organic products will continue to grow at a rate of 15-16% per year. The growth will equal about 20% of the world market of all agricultural products by 2025. In this connection, of a particular interest is the development of elements of agricultural technologies for the use of soil-improving substances and growth regulators of natural origin, including humic preparations, which provide for sufficiently high yields of agricultural products. Materials and Methods. The methods of using humic preparations were investigated on the example of spring barley seeds, treated with the traditional semi-dry method and using hot mist. Germination of seeds in the laboratory was carried out according to the Russian State Standard GOST 12038-84. The laboratory data were subjected to mathematical processing by the method of variance analysis. Results. The treatment of seeds with humic preparations led to an increase in sowing qualities, regardless of the method of seed treatment. However, the comparative efficiency analysis of the pre-sowing treatment of the test crop seeds with the aerosol and using the semi-dry method showed that the use of the developed equipment made it possible to increase the biological activity of humic preparations, which brought about an increase in the growth and biometric parameters of seedlings. Discussion and Conclusion. The treatment of spring barley seeds with humic preparations has some positive effect on their sowing and yield qualities. The strongest positive effect was obtained when treating seeds with reduced sowing qualities, which was quite often observed when harvesting seed crops in years with unfavorable conditions: heavy rainfall, lack of heat, as well as in violation of the technology of harvesting and preparing seeds. Our experimental studies showed that the use of the developed device for treating seeds with hot mist reduces energy costs and increases processing efficiency.

scholarly journals Activity of agroholdings in the world market of agricultural products in the context of globalization

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex

Modern processes of reforming the agroindustrial complex of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization of world economic processes in the agricultural market requires from the domestic agroholdings the improvement and rational management of production activity. So the tendencies of development of agroholdings and other agroformations in modern socio-economic conditions are relevant. In order to study the mechanism of their development, models of interconnection between the components of production of the main types of products of agricultural holdings and the availability of agricultural raw materials are constructed. The main approaches are the multivariate regression modeling of the dependence of production of agricultural holdings on components of agricultural production. The subject of the study in the article is the development of the agroholdings. The goal is researching of the tendencies of development of agroholdings and other agroformations in modern socio-economic conditions. Objectives: research of dynamics of the development of agroholdings of Ukraine in terms of its components in the conditions of globalization of world economic processes in the market of agricultural products. Common scientific methods are used: system analysis for to determine the peculiarities of the development of the agro-industrial production in Ukraine; the regression analysis for calculating of the dependence of production of agricultural holdings on components of agricultural production. The following results: on the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the main indices of domestic agricultural production were obtained analytical interdependence of factors influencing on development of agroholdings. Conclusions: the multivariate regression model of the dependence of production of agricultural holdings on components of agricultural production is calculated; obtained researchings are expedient to use in foreign economic activity as recommendations for definition of the strategy of Ukraine on the world market of agricultural products.

scholarly journals Finding the Appropriate Model to Evaluate the Price Indices of Domestic Agricultural Production in EU24

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Chiadikobi Nwaubani ◽  
Adanma Ngozi Ohia ◽  
Christiana Uzoma Ezechukwu ◽  
Peace Opara ◽  
Chinwe Adaugo Uzokwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Price Indices ◽  
Association Model ◽  
Member States ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Agricultural Prices ◽  
Agricultural Price ◽  
Best Fit

The structure of the European Union producer price indices, nominal total agricultural production varies from one country to another. The EU agricultural price indices involve the index of producer prices of agricultural products and the index of purchase prices of the means of agricultural production. The purpose of agricultural price indices is to unveil trends in the prices of individual agricultural products and purchase prices of the means of agricultural production. Moreover, the objective of the applying statistics on agricultural prices is to make comparisons between member states and also for economic analyses. Absolute agricultural prices are needed for many model calculations and for the ascertainment of price elasticity. The means through which these objectives could be achieved are believed to be when the absolute prices are compared between the member states, and also, when the products for which the prices from the respective member state are to be recorded for economic relevance. These objectives are not always compatible and sometimes require some compromise. In this study, we evaluate the price indices of domestic agricultural production as a whole in the EU24, using the most accurate association model of the Categorical Data Analysis. Figures from the Eurostat office calculated on annual base year from 2005-2017 were used to analyse this study. Since the main focus is to have a better understanding of producer price indices, nominal total domestic agricultural production, the analysis of association table (ANOAS) is given in order to ascertain the percentage of the data which is covered by each model. We find and estimate the association model with the best fit and in conclusion we find out that the Row-Effects Association Model (R) has the best fit because it covers 93% of the data, thereby giving the best fit among all.

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