Schizophrenia is a disease of general connectivity more than a specifically “social brain” network

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrado Bosman ◽  
Enzo Brunetti ◽  
Francisco Aboitiz
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
The Social

Dysfunctions of the neural circuits that implement social behavior are necessary but not a sufficient condition to develop schizophrenia. We propose that schizophrenia represents a disease of general connectivity that impairs not only the “social brain” networks, but also different neural circuits related with higher cognitive and perceptual functions. We discuss possible mechanisms and evolutionary considerations.

scholarly journals Oxytocin modulates social brain network correlations in resting and task state

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyuan Wu ◽  
Qi Huang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Haiyan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
System Level ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that modulates social behaviors and the social brain. The effects of OT on the social brain can be tracked by assessing the neural activity in the resting and task states, providing a system-level framework for characterizing state-based functional relationships of its distinct effect. Here, we contribute to this framework by examining how OT modulates social brain network correlations during the resting and task states using fMRI. Firstly, we investigated network activation, followed by analyzing the relationship between networks and individual differences measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Big-Five scales. Subsequently, we evaluated functional connectivity in both states. Finally, the relationship between networks across the states was represented by the predictive power of networks in the resting state for task-evoked activity. The difference in predicted accuracy between subjects displayed individual variations in this relationship. Our results showed decreased dorsal default mode network (DDMN) for OT group in the resting state. Additionally, only in the OT group, the activity of the DDMN in the resting state had the largest predictive power for task-evoked activation of the precuneus network (PN). The results also demonstrated OT reduced individual variation of PN, specifically, the difference of accuracy between predicting a subject's own and others' PN task activation. These findings suggest a distributed but modulatory effect of OT on the association between resting brain networks and task-dependent brain networks, showing increased DDMN to PN connectivity after OT administration, which may support OT-induced distributed processing during task performance.

Sickness and the social brain: How the immune system regulates behavior across species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Devlin ◽  
Caroline J. Smith ◽  
Staci D. Bilbo
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sickness Behaviors ◽  
The Brain

Many instances of sickness critically involve the immune system. The immune system talks to the brain in a bi-directional loop. This discourse affords the immune system immense control, such that it can influence behavior and optimize recovery from illness. These behavioral responses to infection are called sickness behaviors and can manifest in many ways, including changes in mood, motivation, or energy. Fascinatingly, most of these changes are conserved across species, and most organisms demonstrate some form of sickness behaviors. One of the most interesting sickness behaviors, and not immediately obvious, is altered sociability. Here, we discuss how the immune system impacts social behavior, by examining the brain regions and immune mediators involved in this process. We first outline how social behavior changes in response to infection in various species. Next, we explore which brain regions control social behavior and their evolutionary origins. Finally, we describe which immune mediators establish the link between illness and social behavior, in the context of both normal development and infection. Overall, we hope to make clear the striking similarities between the mechanisms that facilitate changes in sociability in derived and ancestral vertebrate, as well as invertebrate, species.

scholarly journals Mother Brain is Wired for Social Moments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortal Shimon-Raz ◽  
Roy Salomon ◽  
Miki Bloch ◽  
Gabi Aisenberg Romano ◽  
Talma Hendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Response ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Generational Transmission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Brain Behavior

AbstractReorganization of the maternal brain, primed by oxytocin surge during childbirth, triggers the species-typical maternal social behavior. These brief social moments carry profound effects on the infant’s social brain and likely have a distinct signature in the maternal brain. Utilizing a double-blind, oxytocin/placebo administration crossover design, we imaged mothers twice while observing three naturalistic maternal-infant contexts in the home ecology; “unavailable”, “unresponsive”, and “social”, when mothers engaged in synchronous pick-a-boo play. We found four processes by which mother’s brain registers social moments. Salience - social moments increased activations throughout the maternal brain network; Brain-behavior coupling - caregiving behavior linked with socially-driven neural response; Oxytocin sensitivity – administration impacted neural response mainly to the social context; and Temporal engrams–consistent temporal patterns in insula and TP characterized response to social play. Findings describe how mother’s brain compiles and amplifies these precious social moments to generate dyad-specific brain-behavior patterns that initiate the cross-generational transmission of human sociality.

scholarly journals Early alterations of social brain networks in young children with autism

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Franz Sperdin ◽  
Ana Coito ◽  
Nada Kojovic ◽  
Tonia Anahi Rihs ◽  
Reem Kais Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Source Imaging ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
Cortical Regions

Social impairments are a hallmark of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), but empirical evidence for early brain network alterations in response to social stimuli is scant in ASD. We recorded the gaze patterns and brain activity of toddlers with ASD and their typically developing peers while they explored dynamic social scenes. Directed functional connectivity analyses based on electrical source imaging revealed frequency specific network atypicalities in the theta and alpha frequency bands, manifesting as alterations in both the driving and the connections from key nodes of the social brain associated with autism. Analyses of brain-behavioural relationships within the ASD group suggested that compensatory mechanisms from dorsomedial frontal, inferior temporal and insular cortical regions were associated with less atypical gaze patterns and lower clinical impairment. Our results provide strong evidence that directed functional connectivity alterations of social brain networks is a core component of atypical brain development at early stages of ASD.

scholarly journals The social brain network in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a diffusion tensor imaging study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K. Olszewski ◽  
Zora Kikinis ◽  
Christie S. Gonzalez ◽  
Ioana L. Coman ◽  
Nikolaos Makris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

scholarly journals Does self-construal predict activity in the social brain network? A genetic moderation effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1360-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yina Ma ◽  
Chenbo Wang ◽  
Bingfeng Li ◽  
Wenxia Zhang ◽  
Yi Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Network ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Construal

scholarly journals A low-dimensional connectome manifold governs the organization and plasticity of social brain functions in humans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie L Valk ◽  
Philipp Kanske ◽  
Bo-yong Park ◽  
Seok-Jun Hong ◽  
Anne Böckler-Raettig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Dimensional Manifold ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Low Dimensional

SUMMARYSocial skills such as our abilities to understand feelings and thoughts are at the core of what makes us human. Here, we combined a unique longitudinal intervention study with cutting-edge connectomics to study the organization and plasticity of brain networks associated with different social skills (socio-affective, socio-cognitive, and attention-mindfulness). Baseline analysis in our cohort (n=332) showed that social brain networks have (i) compact and dissociable signatures in a low-dimensional manifold governed by gradients of brain connectivity, (ii) specific neurobiological underpinnings, and (iii) reflect inter-individual variations in social behavior. Furthermore, longitudinal brain network analyses following a 9-month training intervention indicated (iv) domain-specific reorganization of these signatures that was furthermore predictive of behavioral change in social functions. Multiple sensitivity analyses supported robustness. Our findings, thus, provide novel evidence on macroscale network organization and plasticity underlying human social cognition and behavior, and suggest connectome-reconfigurations as a mechanism of adult skill learning.

scholarly journals A Review Essay on Social Neuroscience: Can Research on the Social Brain and Economics Inform Each Other?

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alós-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Social Neuroscience ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social

Social neuroscience studies the “social brain,” conceived as the set of brain structures and functions supporting the perception and evaluation of the social environment. This article provides an overview of the field, using the book Social Neuroscience: Brain, Mind, and Society (Russell K. Schutt, Larry J. Seidman, and Matcheri S. Keshavan, editors) as a starting point. Topics include the evolution of the social brain, the concept of “theory of mind,” the relevant brain networks, and documented failures of the social brain. I argue that social neuroscience and economics can greatly benefit from each other because the social brain underlies interpersonal decision making, as studied in economics. (JEL D11, D71, D87, Z13)

Cultural differences in neurocognitive processing of others

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Han
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Emotion Understanding ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Experiences

Chapter 5 examines cross-cultural neuroimaging studies of neural processes underlying social interactions. East Asian and Western cultural experiences produce specific cognitive and neural strategies in perception of face and expression, empathy for others’ emotional states, regulation of one’s own emotion, understanding others’ beliefs, perception of others’ social status, and processing of social feedback. The cultural differences in neurocognitive processing of others have been observed in most part of the social brain network, covering both cortical and subcortical structures, and support culturally specific behavior.

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