Does early retirement lead to longer life?

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOWARD LITWIN
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Risk Ratios ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

ABSTRACTIt has been claimed, but not empirically supported, that early retirement leads to longer life. The present investigation addressed this question using data from a 1997 Israeli national household survey of adults aged 60 or more years linked to mortality records from the national death registry, for 2004. The study examined the association between early retirement and seven-year all-cause mortality among the population of older Jewish Israelis who were employed prior to or at baseline (N=2,374). Both the timing of retirement and the reasons for exit from the labour force were considered in the analysis. The initial hazard regression models, adjusted by gender and reason for retirement including poor health, showed that early retirees indeed had lower mortality risk ratios than respondents who had retired ‘on time’. When additional variables were controlled in the final analytic model, however, the association between early retirement and mortality was not supported. Older age, male gender, and having been diagnosed with one or more of five major illnesses were all associated with greater risk for mortality. Medium level education and being employed at baseline were associated with lesser mortality risk. Nevertheless, the timing of retirement, viz. early versus normative exit from the workforce, was not related to survival. In sum, the respondents who had prematurely exited the labour force did not benefit from disproportionately longer lives when compared with the respondents who retired ‘on time’.

Early Retirement in a Period of High Unemployment

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Laczko ◽  
Angela Dale ◽  
Sara Arber ◽  
G. Nigel Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
General Household Survey

ABSTRACTEarly retirement is a policy for tackling unemployment which is popular among unions, employers and government, but there has been little recent research on its social implications for the individuals concerned. This article examines the reasons given by older men for retiring early and investigates the extent of income poverty in early retirement. Particular attention is paid to how early retirement is defined and to the differences between the early retired, the sick and the unemployed. Using data for men aged 60–64 from the General Household Survey for the years 1980–82 and from the Labour Force Survey of 1983, it is shown that ill-health is a less important reason for retirement than previous studies have suggested and that those who retire early are divided by class, with manual workers being more likely to retire early because of redundancy and more likely to be living on very low incomes than non-manual workers.

Cannabis Growers in the United States: Findings From a National Household Survey 2010−2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110004
Author(s):  
Alejandro Azofeifa ◽  
Rosalie L. Pacula ◽  
Margaret E. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data

Given the rapidly changing U.S. cannabis legislation landscape, the aim of this article is to describe individuals who self-reported growing cannabis in the past year by selected characteristics and geographical location. Using data from 2010 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we conducted bivariate chi-square tests and ran a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the indicators associated with growing cannabis. Approximately, 484,000 individuals aged 12+ self-reported growing cannabis in the past year (1.6% of marijuana users). Predictors of growing cannabis included being male and self-reported reporting using cannabis for a greater number of days. Data showed differences in the proportion of cannabis growers by the state of residence. Obtaining a baseline estimate of cannabis growing practices prior to recreational cannabis markets emerging (2014) is important because such practices may undermine efforts to discourage diversion to youth. Tracking these acquisition patterns will better inform content for public health messaging and prevention education, particularly those targeting youth.

Socioeconomic Determinants of Early Retirement in Canada

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lynn McDonald ◽  
Richard A. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Retirement Status ◽  
Mobility Study

ABSTRACTIn view of the trend toward increasing early retirement observed in Canada since the 1960's, this study attempts to determine the main socioeconomic factors influencing the decision to retire before age 65 among Canadian men and women. Using data from the 1973 Canadian Mobility Study, we estimate a series of models in which retirement is measured as both the degree of involvement in the labour force and a subjective declaration of retirement status. We conclude that those Canadians who retire early tend to be single men and married women employed by others who are better educated and whose nonearned income is higher than those who retire at a later age. As anticipated, early retirement experiences are different for men and women, reflecting the more precarious position of women in the labour market.

scholarly journals Remaining active in the labour market: Trends and characteristics of the over 50s

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Thomas Turner
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Market Trends

AbstractDrawing on the Quarterly National Household Survey (QNHS), this paper examines changes in the proportion of people aged over 50, active in the Irish labour market from 1998 to 2014. Results indicate that an increasing number of workers over 50 remain active, due mainly to the dramatic increase in the proportion of older females remaining in the labour force. By 2014 the 50 to 64 age group accounted for a quarter of all economically active people in the labour market between 15 and 64. Older workers are more likely to be employees and less likely to be employers or self-employed in 2014 compared to 1998. Older workers in lower-level occupations, particularly over the age of 60, are more likely to remain economically active. Level of education is strongly associated with the likelihood of older workers remaining economically active, particularly for the 50-59 age group and for females. .

scholarly journals Factors associated with access to healthcare in Burkina Faso: evidence from a national household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilaire Zon ◽  
Milena Pavlova ◽  
Wim Groot
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Geographical Access ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Burkina Faso has undertaken major reforms, the cornerstone of which has been the decentralization of the health system to increase access to primary healthcare and to increase the effectiveness, efficiency, financial viability and equity of health services. This study aims to analyze the socio-demographic determinants of households’ access to healthcare in Burkina Faso. Methods We used data from a national household survey conducted in 2014 in Burkina Faso. We carried out binary logistic and linear regression analysis using data from a national household survey. The statistical analysis explored the associations between socio-demographic characteristics on the one side, and the use of health services, satisfaction with health services and expenditures on health services, on the other side. Results The findings indicate an association between age, education, income and use of services (p < 0.0005). The results show that healthcare users’ satisfaction is influenced by age, the association is stronger with the age group under 24 (p < 0.0005) than the age group of 25–39 (p < 0.005). An association was found between the age group under 15 (p < 0.005), the type of health facility used (p < 0.0005), the distance traveled to health facilities (p < 0.005) and households’ individuals’ health expenditure. Conclusion Specific policies are needed to enhance geographical access to healthcare, financial access to and satisfaction with healthcare in moving towards universal health coverage (UHC).

The Secular Diaspora in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
Sarah Wilkins-Laflamme
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Christian Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Almost all the existing research in the subfield of nonreligion and secularity studies has focused to date on majority populations (Whites from Christian family backgrounds) in North America and Europe. Using data from the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2013–2017 General Social Surveys, this research note is a first step towards better understanding the ethno-racial and immigrant diversity within the nonreligious population of one nation, Canada. A further emphasis is placed on socio-demographic trends among these different nonreligious groups, as well as their various experiences when it comes to the presence or absence of spiritual beliefs and practices in their lives away from organized religion.

scholarly journals Determinants of Long-Term Unemployment in Brazil in 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Elano F. Arruda ◽  
Daniel B. Guimarães ◽  
Ivan Castelar ◽  
Pablo U. C. Castelar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southeast Region ◽  
The North ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Using Data

This work analyzes the determinants of the probability of a Brazilian worker being unemployed for more than a year, using data from the 2013 National Household Survey (PNAD) and applying a probit model. The results show a lower chance of remaining jobless of males, heads of households, those who declared themselves black, younger people, those who completed higher education or are in the process of acquiring it, and residents of the Southeast and South regions of Brazil. The probabilistic scenarios show that the Brazilian workers least likely to remain unemployed for over a year are males, residents in the South or Southeast region, heads of a household, between 36 and 45 years of age, with higher education, with only a 0.6% chance of remaining in that condition. On the other hand, the workers with the highest chance of remaining unemployed are females, between 46 and 65 years old, residents in the North region, illiterate and not household heads, with a 41% probability of remaining unemployed.

Examining the effects of activities of daily living on informal caregiver strain

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edel Walsh ◽  
Aileen Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Caregiver Strain ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Objectives This study examines the factors associated with caregiver strain experienced by informal caregivers of older people, using data from Ireland. Methods The analysis is based on a sample of 1394 informal caregivers obtained from Ireland’s Quarterly National Household Survey (2009). The Caregiver Strain Index is used to measure caregiver strain on a scale from 0 to 13. The analysis focuses on estimating the association between caregiving activities (measured using Activities of Daily Living) and caregiver strain, using multivariate regression analysis. Results Overall, 60% of informal caregivers report feeling strained. The results suggest that different types of caregiving assistance are associated with increasing caregiver strain, in line with Pearlin’s conceptual model of Stress Process theory and Process Utility theory of informal care. Female caregivers have significantly higher levels of strain. Moreover, caregiver strain amongst co-residential caregivers is 0.8 points higher compared to those who are non-resident. Conversely, caregivers over 65 years are less prone to strain than younger caregivers. The condition of the dependent is also a statistically significant factor: caring for someone with a physical condition, a mental condition or both a physical and mental condition, increases caregiver strain. Conclusions As Ireland and Europe’s populations are ‘greying’, sustainable systems and supports need to be designed to meet demand for care that limit strain for caregivers. In doing so, policymakers and their advisors need to better understand the impact of informal caring on caregivers.

scholarly journals A Simulation Study of Weighting Methods to Improve Labour-Force Estimates of Immigrants in Ireland

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-718
Author(s):  
Nancy Duong Nguyen ◽  
Órlaith Burke ◽  
Patrick Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Weighting Methods ◽  
The Eu

Abstract As immigration has become a global phenomenon in recent years, a number of European countries, including Ireland, have experienced an influx of immigrants, causing a shift in their national demographics. Therefore, it is important that the EU-LFS yield reliable labour-force estimates not only for the whole population, but also for the immigrant population. This article uses simulation techniques to compare the effectiveness of four different weighting mechanisms in order to improve the precision of the labour-force estimates from the Irish component of the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) called the Quarterly National Household Survey (QNHS). The four weighting methodologies for comparison include the original and the current weighting scheme of the QNHS as well as our two proposed alternative weighting schemes. The simulation results show that by modifying the current QNHS weighting mechanism, we can improve the accuracy of the labour-force estimates of the immigrant population in Ireland without affecting the estimates of the whole population and the Irish nationals. This article highlights potential issues that other countries with new immigrant populations may face when using the EU-LFS for immigration research, and our recommendations may be useful to researchers and national statistical offices in such countries.

Paying for Early Retirement

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Casey
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Income Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
General Household Survey ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Employer Benefits

ABSTRACTThe paper looks at the relative importance of state benefits, employer benefits and private sources in supporting early retired men. Using data from various administrative sources, the General Household Survey and the Family Expenditure Survey, it shows how the increase in early retirement which occurred between 1979 and 1986 went hand in hand both with a greater reliance on means-tested benefits and a greater reliance on employer benefits. Although the income of the early retired was well above the minimum accorded by the ‘income support’ system, there were major differences between subgroups of the early retired—those dependent solely on state benefits and those with other sources of income, private and personal—and these differences have become more pronounced over time. Finally, the paper looks at the total costs of early retirement: to the state, to employers and to the early retired themselves. Total costs ballooned between 1979 and 1986. Much of the extra expenditure on benefits fell on employers, but the early retired themselves, through accepting a considerable reduction in their income, bore the bulk of the costs of early retirement.

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