Access to Saloons, Wet Voter Turnout, and Statewide Prohibition Referenda, 1907–1919

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lewis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Evangelical Protestants

When explaining the success of the Prohibition movement in the United States between 1900 and 1920, scholars argue that prohibitionists were able both to tap into the distrust of many rural, native-born, evangelical Protestants toward modern urban life and to bring together disparate groups of reformers around one goal: the elimination of the saloon. Furthermore, localized campaigns resulting in the elimination of saloons from many rural areas kept this base of voters energized, ultimately leading to impressive dry turnouts in statewide Prohibition referenda. This study extends and amplifies these findings through an analysis of three sets of factors on voting outcomes: the percentage of various demographic groups (urban, immigrant, and ritualistic religious populations) residing in a county; the distance of each county to saloons; the presence or absence of producers of alcohol in a county. Results of ordinary least-squares regression demonstrate that access to saloons and the percentage of immigrant and ritualistic church members in a county are the variables that most influence the results of Prohibition referenda. Furthermore, unlike what previous research has demonstrated, these variables have their greatest influence by affecting wet turnout rates.

The Economic and Organizational Basis of Early United States Strikes, 1900–1948

ILR Review ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack W. Skeels
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Strike Activity ◽  
Political Variables

This paper examines the question of whether economic factors played an important role in determining strike activity in the United States in the first half of the twentieth century. A review of recent research shows one author, David Snyder, concluding that economic factors mattered little during that period and that union organization and political variables explained much more; and another, P. K. Edwards, concluding the opposite. A retest of these authors' analyses, employing ordinary least squares regression and a variety of measures, suggests that Snyder's position is more sound. This author argues, however, that Edwards was correct in claiming that economic factors are major determinants of the extent of unionism as well as of strike activity, and thus one needs to apply a two-stage least squares test of the Snyder hypothesis. When that is done, the results show that economic variables are highly significant determinants of strike activity throughout the pre-1949 period, but for the subperiod 1921–29 noneconomic factors also play a role.

Profiles in workplace giving: a cluster analysis of ‘types’ of givers within a public university

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar ◽  
Tracy Johns ◽  
Tara Counts ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Jennifer Amanda Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Public University ◽  
Strategic Marketing ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Job Classification ◽  
Employment Duration

This study examines public employees’ donations to a workplace giving campaign at a large public university in the south-east of the United States. First, we employed logistic regression to predict the likelihood of donating through workplace giving programmes using a sample of employees at a large public university (N = 11,726). Second, we estimated an ordinary least squares regression to identify the significant predictors of donation value with a subsample of employee donors (n=1,832). Third, we developed donor profiles (for example, clusters) of employee benefactors using K-medoids clustering. Factors such as sex, age, education and salary were significant predictors of both being a donor and the donation amount. Additionally, employment duration was significantly related to being a donor and the donation amount, while job classification only predicted being a donor. Employee donors fell into five distinct clusters. These findings contribute to our knowledge of workplace giving campaigns and can be used to develop strategic marketing campaigns.

scholarly journals Defending Density

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Samuelian
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Direct Pathway

We have an aversion to density in America. Density is a continual trope in this country, blamed for all of the ills of urban life, from crime and racial unrest in the middle of the 20th century to public health concerns today. In the early stages of the COVID pandemic density was the culprit, even though we’ve subsequently seen outbreaks in rural areas and sprawling cities across the United States. This paper will look into the root of America’s problems with density and argue that density is not the problem but the solution to the challenges of today’s and tomorrow’s cities. As we deplete the resources of the planet, density is our most direct pathway to recover some balance with nature. Dense living is more efficient, less carbon intensive and more environmentally sustainable. As geospatial differentiations matter less due to advances in communication technology, it's the density of people and ideas that will continue to fuel innovation. Finally, in a world that is increasingly dominated by pluralism, denser living promotes openness, tolerance and diversity.

BEYOND THE LOCAL MARKET: MEXICAN CROSS-BORDER ENTREPRENEURS IN THE UNITED STATES

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750023
Author(s):  
PEDRO ORRACA ◽  
MARTIN RAMIREZ-URQUIDY ◽  
NATANAEL RAMIREZ
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Census Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Probit Models ◽  
Years Of Schooling

This study examines the characteristics of self-employed workers who reside in Mexico but work in the United States and the factors behind their decision to become cross-border entrepreneurs. This group is compared to entrepreneurs who live and operate in Mexico. Based on census data from Mexico, it is observed that cross-border entrepreneurs are older and more educated, and have stronger ties to the United States, shorter workweeks and higher hourly and monthly earnings than self-employed workers who live and work in Mexico. A series of probit models show that years of schooling, having previously resided in the United States and having an adult in the household who was born in the United States increase the likelihood of becoming a cross-border entrepreneur. Ordinary least squares earnings regressions show that years of schooling and years of work experience are positively associated with the earnings of entrepreneurs operating in Mexico, but not with those of cross-border entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Effects of Social Mobility and Stringency Measures on the COVID-19 Outcomes: Evidence From the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmin Sun ◽  
Keh Kwek ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Hongzhou Shen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Daily Data

This paper examines the effects of stringency measures (provided by the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker) and total time spent away from home (provided by the Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports) on the COVID-19 outcomes (measured by total COVID-19 cases and total deaths related to the COVID-19) in the United States. The paper focuses on the daily data from March 11, 2020 to August 13, 2021. The ordinary least squares and the machine learning estimators show that stringency measures are negatively related to the COVID-19 outcomes. A higher time spent away from home is positively associated with the COVID-19 outcomes. The paper also discusses the potential economic implications for the United States.

scholarly journals Marital Quality and Salivary Telomere Length Among Older Men and Women in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 089826432098025
Author(s):  
Yan-Liang Yu ◽  
Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Intimate Partnerships ◽  
Older Men And Women

Objective: The link between marital quality and cellular aging remains underexplored. This study examined how both positive and negative marital quality were associated with salivary telomere length among partnered adults in the United States over the age of 50°years. Methods: Data were from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study ( N = 3203). Ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the link between marital quality and telomere length. Results: While neither positive nor negative marital quality was significantly associated with telomere length among older women, positive and negative marital quality had an interacting effect on telomere length among men. Specifically, when negative marital quality was low, higher positive marital quality was associated with shorter telomere length, whereas when negative marital quality was high, higher positive marital quality was associated with longer telomere length. Discussion: The findings speak to the complex nature of intimate partnerships and the implications of these partnerships for cellular aging processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document