Does the Family Have a History?

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-179
Author(s):  
Louise A. Tilly ◽  
Miriam Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Social History ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Comparative History ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Whence and whither family history? In his bibliographic and programmatic essay, Hobsbawm (1971) did not mention family history as a subfield of what was then the relatively “new” social history. The closest he came was “demography and kinship.” In 1980, by which time social history was definitely mature, and according to some critics, even in decline, the proceedings of a conference on history in the 1980s included a 37-page essay by Stone (1981b; see also Stone, 1981a, 1978) on family history. Several bellwethers of the change may be noted in passing. One year after the 1968 conference for which Hobsbawm's comments were originally prepared, the Cambridge Group for the History of Population held a meeting whose subject—the comparative history of householdand family—went beyond strictly demographic history. In 1972, a family history newsletter was launched by Professor Tamara Hareven, in cooperation with the Newberry Library in Chicago; a special issue of theJournal of Interdisciplinary Historyon “The History of the Family” appeared in 1971; a special issue ofAnnales: Economies, Societes et Civilisationsdevoted to “Famille et Societé”was published in 1972. By the time theJournal of Family History, edited by Hareven, began publication in 1976, two more special issues on family history of theJournal of Interdisciplinary Historywere required reading for those calling themselves social historians.

The Social History of the Family in the Territores of the Austrian Monarchy

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-288
Author(s):  
James O. Brown ◽  
Markus Cerman
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Social History ◽  
English Language ◽  
Historical Demography ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

With little delay, Central European historical research experienced the growth of historical demography and family history that began in English-language historiography during the 1960s. Initial studies on Austria proper were published from the early 1970s onward; in Czechoslovakia the journalHistorická demogmfie(Historical demography), acting as a forum for Czech research in this field, was founded in 1967, and also in Hungary, the 1970s mark the beginning of research into family history and historical demography.

scholarly journals Novel SCN5A p.Val1667Asp Missense Variant Segregation and Characterization in a Family with Severe Brugada Syndrome and Multiple Sudden Deaths

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4700
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Monasky ◽  
Emanuele Micaglio ◽  
Giuseppe Ciconte ◽  
Ilaria Rivolta ◽  
Valeria Borrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Family History ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Brugada Syndrome ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scn5a Gene

Genetic testing in Brugada syndrome (BrS) is still not considered to be useful for clinical management of patients in the majority of cases, due to the current lack of understanding about the effect of specific variants. Additionally, family history of sudden death is generally not considered useful for arrhythmic risk stratification. We sought to demonstrate the usefulness of genetic testing and family history in diagnosis and risk stratification. The family history was collected for a proband who presented with a personal history of aborted cardiac arrest and in whom a novel variant in the SCN5A gene was found. Living family members underwent ajmaline testing, electrophysiological study, and genetic testing to determine genotype-phenotype segregation, if any. Patch-clamp experiments on transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells enabled the functional characterization of the SCN5A novel variant in vitro. In this study, we provide crucial human data on the novel heterozygous variant NM_198056.2:c.5000T>A (p.Val1667Asp) in the SCN5A gene, and demonstrate its segregation with a severe form of BrS and multiple sudden deaths. Functional data revealed a loss of function of the protein affected by the variant. These results provide the first disease association with this variant and demonstrate the usefulness of genetic testing for diagnosis and risk stratification in certain patients. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of collecting the family history, which can assist in understanding the severity of the disease in certain situations and confirm the importance of the functional studies to distinguish between pathogenic mutations and harmless genetic variants.

Association between gastric cancer and the family history of gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Wook Chun ◽  
Kuk Hyun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Prostate cancer screening characteristics in men with BRCA1/2 mutations attending a high-risk prevention clinic

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Walker ◽  
Alyssa Louis ◽  
Alejandro Berlin ◽  
Sheri Horsburgh ◽  
Robert G. Bristow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Brca2 Mutation ◽  
Aggressive Disease ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevention Clinic

Introduction: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era and resultant early detection of prostate cancer has presented clinicians with the challenge of distinguishing indolent from aggressive tumours. Mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes have been associated with prostate cancer risk and prognosis. We describe the prostate cancer screening characteristics of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, who may be classified as genetically-defined high risk, as compared to another high-risk cohort of men with a family history of prostate cancer to evaluate the utility of a targeted screening approach for these men.Methods: We reviewed patient demographics, clinical screening characteristics, pathological features, and treatment outcomes between a group of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers and age-matched men with a family history of prostate cancer followed at our institutional Prostate Cancer Prevention Clinic from 1995 to 2012.Results: Screening characteristics were similar between the mutation carriers (n = 53) and the family history group (n = 53). Some cancers would be missed in both groups by using a PSA cut-off of >4 ug/L. While cancer detection was higher in the family history group (21% vs. 15%), the mutation carrier group was more likely to have intermediate- or high-risk disease (88% vs. 36%). BRCA2 mutation carriers were more likely to have aggressive disease, biological recurrence, and distant metastasis.Conclusions: In our cohort, regular screening appears justified for detecting prostate cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers and other high-risk populations. Lowering PSA cut-offs and defining monitoring of PSA velocity as part of the screening protocol may be useful. BRCA2 is associated with more aggressive disease, while the outcome for BRCA1 mutation carriers requires further study. Large multinational studies will be important to define screening techniques for this unique high-risk population.

scholarly journals Predictors of Progressive Course of Multifocal Atherosclerosis in Patients With Myocardial Infarction

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Sedykh ◽  
A. N. Kazantsev ◽  
R. S. Tarasov ◽  
V. V. Kashtalap ◽  
A. N. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Family History ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis ◽  
Progressive Course

Purpose. Determination of clinical and instrumental predictors of progressive course of multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA) in patients one year after myocardial infarction (MI), initially having hemodynamically insignificant stenoses of carotid arteries.Materials and methods. From database of patients with acute coronary syndrome treated in the Kemerovo Regional Clinical Cardiac Dispensary in 2009–2010 we selected for this study 141 patients with verified diagnosis of MI and hemodynamically insignificant lesions in the internal carotid artery (ICA) (stenosis up ≤ 55 %). All patients had coronary atherosclerosis verified on coronary angiography at admission because of MI. A multivariate analysis of possible predictors of the progressive course of multifocal atherosclerosis was made based on assessment of the development of cardiovascular complications (CVC) (death, MI, stroke and transient cerebral circulatory attacks [TIA]), as well as revascularizations and negative dynamics of parameters of color duplex scanning (CDS) of ICA during one year after MI. Results. One year after MI the overall incidence of CVC was 16.3 % (n=23). Structure of registered events was as follows: death from MI 7.1 % (n=10), deaths from stroke 2.1 % (n=3) and other causes 2.1 % (n=3), non-fatal MI 5.0 % (n=7), non-fatal stroke / TIA 2.1 % (n=3), carotid revascularization 2.8 % (n=4), coronary revascularization 14.9 % (n=21). CDC of ICAs was repeated in 125 patients. There were 17 (13.6 %) cases of progression of carotid atherosclerosis in the form of de novo bilateral stenoses in 14 (11.2 %) patients, stenoses in the left and right ICA 1 patient and 2 patients, respectively. The following predictors of progression of atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries were identified: family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD),ICA stenosis ≥45 %, baseline circular atherosclerotic plaque (ASP). Predictors of high risk of stroke were family history of CVD, history of stroke,ICA stenosis ≥45 %, heterogeneous hypoechoic ASP. As predictors of lethal outcome, we identified history of MI, high functional class of angina preceding the index MI, severe coronary vascular bed involvement (SYNTAX score >23), presence of any bilateral atherosclerotic lesion in ICAs, and heterogeneous hypoechoic ASP. Assessment of the contribution of adherence to therapy in the prognosis 1 year after hospital discharge was fulfilled in 125 alive patients. It allowed to conclude that patients with progression of atherosclerosis and nonfatal CVC were characterized by insufficient adherence to standard therapy.Conclusion. Predictors of the progressive course of multifocal atherosclerosis during one year after MI were identified in this study. It is necessary to strengthen therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at minimization of the impact of these factors in this category of patients.   

HEREDITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATIC FEVER

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 908-915
Author(s):  
Eugene F. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Environmental Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unfavorable Environmental Factor

A study of cases of rheumatic fever admitted to La Rabida Sanitarium over a 5-year period was carried out to evaluate heredity and environment as etiologic factors in rheumatic disease. The incidence of rheumatic fever was shown to be higher in families where one or both parents were known to have a positive family history of rheumatic fever. The incidence of rheumatic fever was compared in environmental groups. A totally unfavorable environment was shown to increase the incidence of rheumatic fever. No single unfavorable environmental factor changed the incidence of rheumatic fever. The incidence of rheumatic fever in each environmental group was higher when there was a positive family history for rheumatic fever, indicating an hereditary factor in the family incidence of rheumatic fever. Analysis of the various mating types in the families with a positive rheumatic trait was carried out. Agreement with a simple autosomal recessive gene inheritance was obtained in families where both parents had a definite family history, but no agreement was obtained in cases where only one parent gave a positive family history.

What is known about Prostate Cancer? Response from Men Aged 50 Years and Above in Lindi Municipal, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Simon Francis ◽  
Obadia V. Nyongole
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level

Background: The incidence of prostate cancer in Tanzania is among the highest recorded in Africa. Prostate cancer is also the most common cancer among men aged 50 years and above in Tanzania. Our study aimed to determine the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes among adult men with age 50 years and above regarding prostate cancer.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 250 adult men aged 50 years and above in Lindi municipal being purposively selected and we interviewed them by using a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling method was used for obtaining our participants. All men who had stayed for not less than one year in Lindi and willing to participate were enrolled in the study. These men were selected at households without screening whether or not they had taken prostate screening test or had been diagnosed with prostate cancer Quantitative data were cleaned and analyzed with SPSS version 20.Results: Majority, 216(86.7%) of our study participants were aged 50–69 years and most of them, 142(56.8%) had primary education with 93.2% of them being married. Among the study subjects 7.2% had positive family history of cancer and 195(78%) were aware of prostate cancer with source of information being mass media (62.6%). Majority of them, 63.2%, did not know the risk age group. Few, 20.8% of our participants had good knowledge while majority, 95.2% had negative attitude toward prostate cancer. We found a statistically significant association between level of education, family history and level of knowledge regarding prostate cancer with p < 0.005.Conclusion: This study revealed high level of awareness, but poor knowledge regarding prostate cancer and negative attitude toward prostate cancer among men with age ≥50 years in Lindi municipal Tanzania. Key words: Awareness, knowledge, attitude, prostate cancer.

A Sax Is Born

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Con Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
The South ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides data regarding Cornelius Hodges’s birth and traces his family history to his grandparents’ generation. Confusion as to the exact spelling of his last name (“Hodges,” not “Hodge”) is resolved by reference to his birth certificate. Census records reveal that, contrary to prior accounts of his life, he had not one sister but three, all older. The change in his name from “Cornelius” to “Johnny” is discussed, along with the seven nicknames that he was given by colleagues. The chapter also details the history of the Cambridge, Massachusetts, neighborhood where he was born—Cambridgeport—and of the South End of Boston, to which the family would move when he was twelve, after a stop in North Cambridge that has been overlooked in prior accounts of his life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document