scholarly journals Class Formation in Sweden and Britain: Educating Workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 52-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Class Formation ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Internal Dynamics

AbstractThe European labor movements developed in different directions during the twentieth century. The class formation literature has tried to explain these differences but left unexplored the internal dynamics of the labor movement and, above all, the differences in ideological schooling. Workers’ education constitutes a forum for ideological schooling of members, and these educational settings can be identity constitutive and thus play an important part in the class formation process. In this article I analyze the institutions for workers’ education in Sweden and Britain and I suggest that the variation of the design and practices of workers’ education had an impact on the movements’ developments in terms of identity formation and cohesiveness.

Rooted in Place, Constructed in Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Sonia Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Nuevo Leon ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

Since the turn of the twentieth century, men and women from the greater Mexican borderlands have shared labor concerns, engaged in labor solidarities, and employed activist strategies to improve their livelihoods. Based on findings from archival research in Mexico City, Washington, DC; Texas; Tamaulipas; and Nuevo León and by engaging in transnational methodological and historiographical approaches, this article takes two distinct but related cases of labor solidarities from the early twentieth century to reveal the class and gendered complexities of transnational labor solidarities. The cases of Gregorio Cortez, a Mexican farmer and immigrant from Tamaulipas living and working in Texas in 1901, and Caritina Piña, a Tamaulipas-born woman engaged in anarcho-syndicalism in the 1920s, reveal the potential of cross-class and gendered solidarities and underscore how a variety of social contexts informed and shaped labor movements. Excavating solidarities from a transnational perspective while exposing important limitations of the labor movement sheds light on the gendered, racial, and class complexities of such forms of shared struggle; but, equally important, reminds us of how much one can learn about the power of larger, global labor movements by closely examining the experiences of those residing on nations’ edges.

China’s digital working class and circuits of labor

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Linchuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Class Formation ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
The Way

This article proposes that the emergence of a digital working class is among the most important digital formations in contemporary China. From the information have-less to network labor, the class formation process is not only massive in scale but of special historical significance that constitutes a fourth phase in the making of the Chinese working class. There is urgent need to theorize the digital working class based on a wide range of theoretical resources. Toward this goal, the circuits of labor model is discussed as an inclusive framework to link up various analytical concepts and provide a more holistic picture about both the contextual forces shaping the digital working class and internal dynamics within. The conceptual model sheds light on empirical cases such as Apple Inc., Tian Yu, and Fan Yusu, showing that while the circuits of labor model still needs more development, it is likely to pave the way for a new praxis of class-conscious digital formation. The limitations, scope of application, and future prospects of the circuits of labor model are also discussed.

The European identity formation in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Larysa Kovryk-Tokar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
European Integration ◽  
European Community ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
European Identity ◽  
European Values

Every nation is quite diverse in terms of his historical destiny, spiritual priorities, and cultural heritage. However, voluntary European integration, which is the final aim of political integration that began in the second half of the twentieth century from Western Europe, provided for an availability of large number of characteristics in common in political cultures of their societies. Therefore, Ukraine needs to find some common determinants that can create inextricable relationship between the European Community and Ukraine. Although Ukrainian culture is an intercultural weave of two East macrocivilizations, according to the author, Ukraine tends to Western-style society with its openness, democracy, tolerance, which constitute the basic values of Europeans. Keywords: Identity, collective identity, European values, European integration

Organizing in the 1970s

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. LB. Twarog
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
National Organization ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family

In 1973, housewives in California launched what would be the last meat boycott of the twentieth century. And, like its predecessors, the 1973 boycott gained national momentum albeit with little political traction now that Peterson had left public life for a job in the private sector as the consumer advisor to the Giant grocery store chain. And in some quarters of the labor movement, activists drew very clear links between the family economy and the stagnation plaguing workers’ wages. The 1973 boycott led to the founding of the National Consumers Congress, a national organization intended to unite consumer organizers. While it was a short-lived organization, it demonstrates the momentum that consumer activism was building. This chapter also reflects on the lost coordinating opportunity between housewives organizing around consumer issues and the women’s movement in the 1970s.

Coda

2020 ◽  
pp. 734-743
Author(s):  
Laura U. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Grassroots Politics ◽  
International Solidarity ◽  
Guerrilla Movements ◽  
History Of ◽  
Armed Resistance ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Arabic Speaking

In the twentieth-century Arabic-speaking world, communism animated anticolonial revolutions, workers’ organizations, guerrilla movements, and international solidarity. The communist dream was cut short by Arab governments, deals with global superpowers, the rise of religious fundamentalism, and historical bad luck. But recently a remarkable number of Arab filmmakers have turned their attention to the history of the radical Left. Filmmakers from Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco have been urgently seeking models for grassroots politics in the labor movements, communist parties, and secular armed resistance of earlier generations. This coda explores two strata of communist audiovisual praxis: the radical cinema that supported labor movements and guerrilla actions from the 1950s to the 1980s, and recent films that draw on that earlier movement. The coda argues that the Arab audiovisual archive holds flashes of communism that have been neither fulfilled nor entirely extinguished. The new films release their unspent energy into the present, diagnosing earlier failures of Arab communism and making plans for new forms of solidarity.

Renewed Activism for the Labor Movement: The Urgency of Young Worker Engagement

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Tapia ◽  
Lowell Turner
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Movement Building

In this article, the authors consider the findings of a multi-year, case study-based research project on young workers and the labor movement in four countries: France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The authors examine the conditions under which young workers actively engage in contemporary labor movements. Although the industrial relations context matters, the authors find the most persuasive explanations to be agency-based. Especially important are the relative openness and active encouragement of unions to the leadership development of young workers, and the persistence and creativity of groups of young workers in promoting their own engagement. Embodying labor’s potential for movement building and resistance to authoritarianism and right-wing populism, young workers offer hope for the future if unions can bring them aboard.

scholarly journals Toward a General Theory and Global History of Workers’ Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Merrill ◽  
Susan J. Schurman
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contested Terrain ◽  
New Generation

AbstractWorkers’ education, understood to mean the education of workers by workers for purposes they themselves determine, has always been highly contested terrain, just like work itself. If there is to be an adequate global history of workers’ education, it will need to be guided by a suitable general theory. Hegel most expansively and Durkheim most persuasively argued that societies are cognitive and moral projects, of which education is constitutive: knowing and social being are inextricably bound up with one another. In the global democratic revolutions of the last 250 years, the labor movement distinguished itself as simultaneously a social movement, an education in democracy, and a struggle for a democratic education. The history of workers’ education is a history of workers striving to remake their communities into democracies and themselves into democrats. This brief essay introduces a collection of essays representative of a new generation of scholarship on the history of workers’ education, which we hope will help both traditional and emerging labor movements understand their past and think more clearly about their future.

scholarly journals Feminization of Resistance: Reclaiming the Affective and the Indefinite as Counter-Strategy in Academic Labor Activism

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aslı Vatansever
Keyword(s):  
Labor Movement ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
New Faculty ◽  
Labor Activism ◽  
Collective Emotions ◽  
Academic Labor ◽  
The Us

‘Feminization’ is used either quantitatively to indicate an increased female labor market participation or qualitatively to refer to labor devaluation and to types of work that supposedly require “feminine” skillsets. This article cautiously hews to the qualitative interpretations but suggests an affirmative reconstruction of the concept in the context of collective action. It argues that contemporary grassroots academic labor movements rely more explicitly on collective emotions and aim at building long-term bases of solidarity, instead of performative activism and mass mobilizations. This ‘affective turn’ in academic labor activism is argued to signal a “feminization of resistance”, characterized by a pronounced propensity for affective and relational groundwork. This argument is substantiated in view of the Network for Decent Work in Academia (NGAWiss), a nation-wide precarious researchers’ network in Germany, and the New Faculty Majority (NFM), an adjunct advocacy group in the US. The aim is twofold: first, the article contributes to a better understanding of contemporary labor activism by elucidating the precarious collective’s incremental achievements, often ignored by the outcome-oriented labor movement literature. Second, by reframing it as a mode of affective resistance, the article extends the analytical scope of the term “feminization”.

scholarly journals Özgön’den Konya’ya Uzanan Göç: Tacigül Özgen Küntüz’un Kimlik ve Anavatana Dair Aidiyet Duygusunu İfade Etme Biçimi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 353-378
Author(s):  
Aikanysh ESHNAZAROVA ◽  
Beishenbek TOKTOGULOV
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
The Way

First generation diasporic immigrants, who have diasporic experience due to the trauma of forced migration, have a strong sense of belonging to the homeland. Even, they can transfer this sense of belonging to the next generations without losing its liveliness. In addition, the sense of belonging to the homeland is an important factor affecting the identity formation of the next generations. This study aims to investigate the second-generation member of the diasporic immigrant Özgen family, the painter Tacigül Özgen Küntüz's sense of belonging to the region of origin, her identity formation process and the way she expresses them. The study will deal with the works created by the painter in terms of identity and belonging.

scholarly journals “The true path to salvation”: Conversion to the Religion of Socialism in the Work of Jack London and Upton Sinclair

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ball
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Jack London ◽  
Conversion Narrative ◽  
Upton Sinclair ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
True Path ◽  
Common Motif

The most common motif in early twentieth century radical literature is the conversion narrative. A variation on the bildungsroman, these works feature conversions to socialism or to the labor movement that are modeled on techniques used by evangelical revivalists and on the experiences of religious converts. The most widely read and emblematic radical authors to consistently employ this trope were Jack London and Upton Sinclair. Not only did London and Sinclair continually utilize the conversion story in their fiction and nonfiction, they both described their own discovery of socialism as a religious conversion. In their work, both authors diligently seek to conflate Christianity and socialism and to prove that, not only are the two compatible, but that authentic observance of Christianity demands the endorsement of socialism. London and Sinclair use their writing as a method of evangelism that aims to convince their audience that socialism is a religious enterprise and means to salvation.

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