scholarly journals Consumer Attitudes About No Repricing in Supermarkets

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Farrell E. Jensen ◽  
Frederick A. Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Price Increases

In 1974 the price level for food as measured by the Consumer Price Index increased by 14.4 percent. During this period supermarkets received wholesale price increases on up to 800 individual lines of merchandise per week. In keeping with traditional practices the industry would pass the wholesale price increases to the consumer by pricing the new merchandise and existing shelf inventory to reflect higher wholesale costs. It was not uncommon during this period for consumers to find two, three, or more old price markings on an item replaced by a higher price.

scholarly journals SARIMA Model for Forecasting Price Indices Fluctuations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
N. Sonai Muthu ◽  
K. Senthamarai Kannan ◽  
V. Deneshkumar ◽  
P. Thangasamy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Price Indices ◽  
Sarima Model ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

In day-to-day life, the price level fluctuations in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) goods and service. So, the retail consumers are affecting by that price level changes, who are on the demand side of the economy. The main objective of this work is to forecast such selected factors of CPI in urban and rural areas of India, like: Food and Beverages, Pan, Tobacco and Intoxicants, Fuel and Light and Education and also compute the inflation rate for those four main variables in all India.

Impact of Macro Economic Indicators affecting Indian Stock Markets: Evidence from Pre- and Post-Crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeepa Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Indian Stock Market

Volatility is quite evident in stock market fluctuations and often economic factors results in share prices movements. However, there are some fundamental elements, which have a strong impact over the fluctuations of the stock market by and large. This study empirically tested the interconnection between macro-economic factors and Indian stock market. By applying multivariate regression analysis, the effect of macro-economic factors on Indian stock market is tested. The explanatory variables are Wholesale Price Index (WPI), Index of Industrial Production (IIP), Money Supply (M3), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Exchange Rate (ER), Call Money Rate (CMR), Gold Price (GP), Foreign Institutional Investment (FII) and Trade Balance (TB) while explained factors are average monthly closing prices of BSE Sensex and S&P Nifty. Further, for testing the interconnection between macro-economic factors and Indian stock market Pearson's correlation, Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression test have been applied. Three variables namely Economy Rates, Macro Environment and Foreign Investment are obtained by using Principal Component Technique (varimax pivot). It shows that all elements play critical role in affecting the stock market.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIP OF INFLATION (CPI & WPI), AND OIL PRICES WITH KSE-100 INDEX: EVIDENCE FROM JOHANSEN MULTIVARIATE COINTEGRATION APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwan RAHEEM AHMED ◽  
Jolita VVEINHARDT ◽  
Dalia ŠTREIMIKIENĖ ◽  
Saghir Pervaiz GHAURI ◽  
Nawaz AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Wholesale Price Index ◽  
Relationship Of

This research is an attempt to framework the applied strides to evaluate the long run relationship among commonly used inflation proxies induces such as, wholesale price index (WPI) and consumer price index (CPI), and crude oil price (COP) with KSE100 index returns. In this research we used monthly data for the time period from July 1995 to June 2016, and thus, in this way total 252 observations have been considered. Time series have been made stationary by applying ADF and PP tests at first difference. Johansen multivariate conintegration approach was used to test the long-term association amongst the considered macroeconomic variables. The results indicated that CPI and COP significantly affect KSE100 index returns that indicated CPI along with COP have foreseen power to impact KSE100 index. In contrary, the results of WPI and COP do not have long run relationship with KSE100 index in case of Pakistani economy. Results of variance decomposition exhibited that the index of LKSE100 was realistically rarer exogenous in connection to distinctive factors, as around 92.31% of its variation was explained due to its own specific shocks. It is concluded that CPI and COP can impact the KSE100 index returns. It is confirmed by the results of impulse response function that there is a positive and long run relationship between KSE100 returns and consumer price index (proxy of inflation) and international crude oil prices.

scholarly journals Examining the Effects of Food and Product Production Values and Production Added Value on Inflation Over the Years: Empirical Evidence for Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isil Tellalbasi Menguc
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Positive Effect

In this study, it is aimed to examine the effects of food and product production values on inflation. In the study, the variables of the World Bank Country Reports between 1991-2019 Consumer Price Index, Wholesale Price Index, Food Production Index, Product Production Index and Production Value Added were used. According to the results obtained from the study, there is a statistically significant relationship between TUFE and TOFE and GUE, UUE and UKD variables (p <0.01). According to the results of controlled correlation analysis, the effects of food and product production indexes on consumer and wholesale inflation level are not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The effect of UKD and GUE parameters on inflation is statistically significant (p <0.05). Explanation power of both models is very high. According to the regression coefficients, UKD has a negative effect, and GUE has a positive effect. The results show that production has a positive effect on inflation, while production value added has a decreasing effect on consumer and wholesale prices. These results show that the production in our country is actually high cost and its added value is low.

Inflation Dynamics and Monetary Policy in India: A New Keynesian Phillips Curve Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavesh Salunkhe ◽  
Anuradha Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Phillips Curve ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
New Keynesian ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Output Gap ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
New Keynesian Phillips Curve ◽  
Price Inflation

The present study estimates various specifications of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve (NKPC) models for India over 1996Q2 to 2017Q2 using Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Wholesale Price Index (WPI) inflation, separately. The empirical results suggest that the data support all the specifications of the Phillips curve models based on both the CPI and WPI inflations. However, the backward looking and hybrid models provide robust results for both the inflation indices. While the forward-looking behaviour dominates the CPI inflation trajectory, the backward-looking behaviour greatly influences the trajectory of WPI inflation. Also, a small-to-moderate degree of persistence is evident in both the CPI and WPI inflation. The output gap, which mainly represents the demand side pressures, turns up the major force determining both the CPI and WPI inflations. Besides the output gap, real effective exchange rate (reer), international crude oil price inflation, global non-fuel commodity price inflation and rainfall have a modest impact on the CPI and WPI inflations. JEL Classification: E12, E52, C36, C14

scholarly journals Research on the Impact of Reducing Industrial and Commercial Electricity Price on Henan's Overall Price Level——Based on Social Accounting Matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Yanming Jin ◽  
Zhuonan Li ◽  
Mingyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Social Accounting ◽  
Economic Price ◽  
The Impact

In order to reduce the operating costs of enterprises and optimize the business environment, China implemented the policy of reducing the general industrial and commercial electricity price by 10% in 2018 and 2019. This study uses the social accounting matrix to evaluate the effect of policy implementation on the price level of Henan Province. Through price transmission, we analyze the impact of industrial and commercial electricity price changes on production price and consumer price fluctuation of other sectors. The results show that the adjustment of general industrial and commercial electricity price has limited effect on the overall economic price level of Henan Province. The impact of electricity price adjustment on urban consumer price index is higher than that of rural consumer price index.

scholarly journals Temporary Price Changes, Inflation Regimes, and the Propagation of Monetary Shocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-152
Author(s):  
Fernando Alvarez ◽  
Francesco Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Monetary Shocks ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Optimal Plan ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Menu Cost

We present a sticky price model that features the coexistence of many price changes, most of which are temporary, with a modest flexibility of the aggregate price level. Stickiness is introduced in the form of a price plan, namely a set of two prices: either price can be charged at any moment but changing the plan entails a menu cost. We analytically solve for the optimal plan and for the aggregate output response to a monetary shock. We present evidence consistent with the model implications using scanner data, as well as Consumer Price Index data across a wide range of inflation rates. (JEL D22, E31, E52, L11, O11, O23)

Owner-Occupied Housing, the Cpi, and Indexing

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn R. Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Conceptual Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rental Value

The Consumer Price Index is widely used as a basis for adjusting money incomes in both the private and the public sector. Problems in measuring the cost of owner-occupied housing have contributed to serious deficiences in the accuracy of the CPI's measurement of price level change. A shift to imputed rental value has improved the measure but still ignores a serious conceptual issue. The problem is examined in this article.

scholarly journals Examining the Effects of Food and Product Production Values and Production Added Value on Inflation Over the Years: Empirical Evidence for Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isil Tellalbasi Menguc ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Production Index ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Positive Effect

In this study, it is aimed to examine the effects of food and product production values on inflation. In the study, the variables of the World Bank Country Reports between 1991-2019 Consumer Price Index, Wholesale Price Index, Food Production Index, Product Production Index and Production Value Added were used. According to the results obtained from the study, there is a statistically significant relationship between TUFE and TOFE and GUE, UUE and UKD variables (p <0.01). According to the results of controlled correlation analysis, the effects of food and product production indexes on consumer and wholesale inflation level are not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The effect of UKD and GUE parameters on inflation is statistically significant (p <0.05). Explanation power of both models is very high. According to the regression coefficients, UKD has a negative effect, and GUE has a positive effect. The results show that production has a positive effect on inflation, while production value added has a decreasing effect on consumer and wholesale prices. These results show that the production in our country is actually high cost and its added value is low.

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