scholarly journals The contribution of new technology to economic growth: lessons from economic history

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Crafts
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Social Capability

AbstractThis paper reviews the analysis of technological change by cliometricians. It focuses on lessons about total factor productivity (TFP) from growth accounting and on aspects of social capability that are conducive to the effective assimilation of new technology. Key messages are that when TFP growth is very rapid this typically involves reductions in inefficiency not just technological advance and that even really important new technologies have small initial effects on aggregate productivity. Incentive structures matter greatly for the adoption of new technology, but social capability is not independent of the technological epoch as the information and communications technology (ICT) era has emphasized to Europeans.

Technological Change and the International System

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen V. Milner ◽  
Sondre Ulvund Solstad
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
International System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology

ABSTRACTDo world politics affect the adoption of new technology? States overwhelmingly rely on technology invented abroad, and their differential intensity of technology use accounts for many of their differences in economic development. Much of the literature on technology adoption focuses on domestic conditions. The authors argue instead that the structure of the international system is critical because it affects the level of competition among states, which in turn affects leaders’ willingness to enact policies that speed technology adoption. Countries adopt new technology as they seek to avoid being vulnerable to attack or coercion by other countries. By systematically examining states’ adoption of technology over the past two hundred years, the authors find that countries adopt new technologies faster when the international system is less concentrated, that changes in systemic concentration have a temporally causal effect on technology adoption, and that government policies to promote technology adoption are related to concerns about rising international competition. A competitive international system is an important incentive for technological change and may underlie global technology waves.

scholarly journals Oil Price Uncertainty, Globalization, and Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from the European Union

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3429
Author(s):  
Svetlana Balashova ◽  
Apostolos Serletis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Price Uncertainty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Tfp Growth

This paper uncovers linkages between oil price uncertainty, total factor productivity (TFP) growth, and critical indicators of knowledge production and spillovers. It contributes to the literature by investigating the effects of oil price volatility on TFP growth, controlling for two different channels for TFP growth; benefits from the quality of the national innovation system and from adopting new technologies. We use an unbalanced panel for 28 European Union countries for the period from 1990 to 2018. We find that oil price uncertainty has a negative and statistically significant effect on TFP growth, even after we control for technological advancements and the effects of globalization. We also find that the scale of research and innovation and international trade are positive contributors to TFP growth.

Economic Reform in the Peoples Republic of China: Resuscitation or Transformation

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Richard Fey ◽  
Alan Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Bare Minimum ◽  
Chinese Reforms

In 1978 Deng Xiaoping brought economic reform to the People's Republic of China. Using modern growth theory to assess the success of the Chinese reforms and the likelihood of continuing economic progress, we find a transformation in total factor productivity (TFP) growth unparalleled in recorded economic history. Moreover established growth economics finds that TFP growth, once established tends to persist at the same rate over long periods of time. While the death of Deng left a vacuum in political leadership, his reforms, crafted with great ingenuity, combined with political change limited to the bare minimum necessary, appear to have established the groundwork for continued growth. Still, a number of policy issues will need to be addressed by the Chinese government if that growth is to be achieved.

The Adoption of New Technology in West Virginia: Implications for Manufacturing Modernization Policies

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Shapira ◽  
T Rephann
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Levels Of Use ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

In this paper the determinants of the adoption of new technology are explored by using data obtained from a 1993 survey of 299 manufacturing establishments in the state of West Virginia. The authors examine the use of twenty hardware-based and organizational new manufacturing technologies, aggregate use of technology, and plans for future use of technology. Multivariate regression analyses indicate that larger, export-oriented, branch plants that manufacture products in long production runs, and plants that are located in counties with a sizeable manufacturing sector adopt more new technologies than do other types of plants. The results also suggest that there is a role for further government policy in encouraging plant modernization. Although participation in a state technology-assistance program is not yet associated with higher aggregate levels of use of new technology, it is found to be associated with the adoption of specific technologies and receptivity to investment in new technology. The results of the study also confirm the value of training and suggest that a strategy of targeting smaller and medium-sized plants with services focused on multiple clustered locations may be effective in stimulating the use of new technology among these manufacturers.

scholarly journals Wireless Business And The Impact On Firm Performance: The Strategic Move To Adopt A New Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Michael Stoica ◽  
William Roach ◽  
David Price
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
American Midwest ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
The Impact

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is receiving increased attention due to the vast potential it presents for rural and underserved settings. Successful adoption of new technology, in particular mobile commerce, can serve as a catalyst for improving quality of life and reducing the digital divide. Adoption of new technology is dependent upon variables such as: organizational culture, business strategy, as well as their surrounding environment. Hypotheses that investigate the relationships between the above variables and business performance in the context of the new technology adoption process are formulated. A sample of small and medium-sized businesses from the American Midwest that adopted, or are in the process of adopting, wireless technology is used to test these hypotheses. The methodology, results, and managerial implications are discussed.

Farmers' opinions about third-wave technologies

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lasley ◽  
Gordon Bultena
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Adoption Research ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Differential Support

AbstractThis paper examines farmers' opinions about eight relatively new technologies. Data from a statewide sample of Iowa farmers provide the basis for examining the correlates of support for new technology. Evidence from a series of statewide surveys indicates that farmers are becoming concerned about environmental problems associated with conventional agricultural practices and are interested in alternative production systems. The data show that some new technologies are widely supported among farmers; in other cases farmers expressed considerable hesitancy or opposition to them. This paper draws on previous adoption research to examine the differential support of these technologies among farmers. From this earlier research two sets of variables, personal characteristics and farm characteristics, have been found to be important predictors of farmers' opinions about new technology. The analysis from new data shown here finds generally weak relationships between personal and farm characteristics with level of support for new technologies. Given the generally weak relationships between personal and farm characteristics and support for new technology, the paper argues that other factors need to be included in future research on the adoption of new technology.

scholarly journals Decomposing Total Factor Productivity Growth in Manufacturing and Services

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Foster-McGregor ◽  
Bart Verspagen
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Factor Productivity Growth ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Asian Economies

Using the World Input–Output Database, this paper calculates total factor productivity (TFP) growth for a sample of 40 economies during the period 1995–2009 to show that TFP growth in Asian economies has been relatively strong. In a number of Asian economies, TFP growth in services has outpaced that in manufacturing. This paper presents a novel structural decomposition of TFP growth and shows that the main drivers of aggregate productivity growth, as well as differences in productivity growth between services and manufacturing, have been changing factor requirements. These effects tend to offset the negative productivity effect of a declining ratio of value added to gross output.

ICTs for Economic Empowerment in South India

2011 ◽  
pp. 793-797
Author(s):  
Shoba Arun ◽  
Richard Heeks ◽  
Sharon Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Social Shaping

The role of new technologies, particularly information and communications technology (ICTs) in the global society is central to both contemporary social theory and understanding transformations that are characteristics of the information society and post modernity. The emphasis on technological determinism is useful in tracing social and economic changes at large, but the economic and social shaping of technology is often illustrative of wider social relations, with local considerations. Recently, studies have demonstrated how technology is socially-contextualised, with gender differential barriers to access and use of ICTs by men and women (Hafkin & Taggart, 2001). This article argues that ICTs as a form of new technology are socially deterministic, albeit context dependent, need to take into account the role of social actors and interactions, which is often ignored in the blind pursuit of market forces. The article is structured as follows: the Background section examines some of the debates relating to gender and ICTs; then the Main Thrust section proceeds to examine the ICT context in southern India through a case study of the Kudumbashree project and some conclusions are provided in the last section.

scholarly journals Analysis of Impact of New Technologies in Metallurgy on the Industry Production Function and Total Factor Productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-151
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Production Function ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Electric Melting ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Identification of positive conditions for structural transformation of industries in the Russian economy and also formation of a scientific base for development of practical recommendations for industrial policy are extremely important for the fulfillment of national goals set forth in the Presidential Decree No. 204 dated May 7, 2018. From the early 2000s up till now, development of the Russian metal industry has been characterized by gradual abandonment of the traditional method of steelmaking in open-hearth furnaces as well as transition to a more progressive electric melting technology. The article assesses the impact of this technology change on total factor productivity (TFP) of metallurgical enterprises and on the functional form of the production function in the industry for the period 2008–2017, as well as the factors of transition to the new technology for metallurgical companies. The results show that the transition to the new technology was accompanied by a 24–28% increase in TFP as well as changes in the parameters of the production function, in particular, a decrease in labor and material intensity of production. An analysis of the factors influencing the likelihood of transition to the new technology has confirmed our hypotheses: the process of assets consolidation in the metallurgical industry under the control of several holdings in the 2000s was accompanied by technological re-equipment of production and construction of new facilities. Enterprises that are part of a single financial and industrial group with higher productivity and access to the world market are characterized by a higher probability of transition to the new technology. In addition, estimates of the likelihood of transition to the new technology are higher for enterprises with higher levels of productivity.

scholarly journals Meet You at the Peak: How I-Os Should Prepare for New Technologies

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-660
Author(s):  
Kathy Tuzinski ◽  
Tracy Kantrowitz
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Workforce Management ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Tools And Methods

Science and technology often work hand in hand to drive innovations in the practice of industrial–organizational (I-O) psychology. Historically, psychological science applied to workforce management allowed us to weather the storm of human resource trends and technological advances that attracted organizations to new tools and methods. But what happens when the lure of technology trumps the science? The rise of technological advances challenges our thinking and leads to psychological research and theory designed to keep pace with these advances. But in some instances, the adoption of new technology has outpaced scientific best practices. Organizations will adopt new technology in the absence of best practices if there are perceived benefits. Has the array of new talent identification tools described by Chamorro-Premuzic, Winsborough, Sherman, and Hogan (2016) presented a tipping point for I-O in terms of how we approach our science, research, tools, and methods?

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