Social revolution: the elusive emergence of an agenda in International Relations

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARYAM H. PANAH
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Islamic Culture

This article addresses the inadequate analysis of modern social revolutions within orthodox International Relations due both to the historical context and the trajectory of the discipline. A critical review of the literature that has more recently come to acknowledge the relevance of revolutions and revolutionary states to IR reveals a number of enduring shortcomings. The present article suggests an alternative framework for the study of revolutions by conceiving them as rooted in the dynamics of the globally dominant socio-economic system, capitalism. It is argued that the uneven global expansion of this system and its peculiarity contribute to the explanation of revolutionary upheavals in the modern world. This is illustrated in the final section of the article by a case study of the Iranian Revolution of 1979, which also challenges recent explanations of the revolution in terms of ‘Islam’ or ‘Islamic culture’.

Sources and Characteristics of Piaget's Stage Concept of Development: A Historical Perspective

1973 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Cyril P. Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

This paper is an attempt to place Piaget into an historical context. Underlying this attempt is the assumption that one's total grasp of Piaget's theory depends upon a consideration of those cultural, historical and philosophical forces influencing him. It is a look at “Piaget, the phenomenon” as opposed to “Piaget, the man.” Beginning with classical philosophical dichotomies and moving to modern world views, the article posits that Piaget's theory is a synthesis of the evolutionary - dialectical continuum. Man's vision of the world and of the idea of change is dealt with so as to arrive at what might be called the “general influences” on Piaget. The author realizes the pitfalls inherent in inferring the influences a particular philosopher, psychologist — or any other person for that matter — has on some other. While the author does not summarily presume that history has determined Piaget's theory, he does suggest with substantiation that it is not unreasonable to place Piaget within the context of the history of ideas. After discussing those influences, the author describes specific elements of Piaget's stage concept of development and how Piaget, as a philosopher, psychologist and biologist, promulgates those stages. The final section of the article poses the possibility that Piaget's abstract operational stage (Stage IV) need not be the final stage of cognitive development.

Peace education as a controversial issue: The ‘Peace Case’

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Gülistan Gürsel-Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
Peace Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Public Schooling ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Shed Light

This qualitative case study examines the Peace Case in its historical context and scrutinizes the complexities. Ms Butera, who became known as the ‘peace teacher’, had to deal with in the aftermath of her remark ‘I honk for peace’ in her classroom. Drawing from the fields of peace education and educational leadership and policy studies, the study aims to shed light to the dominant dynamics in the case, especially those that might be discouraging teachers to integrate the potentially controversial themes related to war and peace into their curricula. To this end, it first discusses peace education as a controversial issue and illustrates several facets of peace education that make it controversial. Following this, an analysis of a post-Garcetti case, which is known as the ‘Peace Case’, is presented. As this analysis sheds light on several implications regarding peace education as a controversial issue and teachers’ freedom of speech in the classroom, these implications are presented for teacher educators in the final section. While scrutinizing the challenging nature of present public schooling through Ms Butera’s struggles, the study uncovers the possibilities of peace education practices even in an oppressive system of schooling through robust teacher education programmes equipping teachers with powerful skills and capabilities required for transformative educators.

scholarly journals Islamic Insurance vs. Conventional Insurance: A Comparative Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1349-1353
Author(s):  
S M Tazuddin
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Will ◽  
Islamic Insurance ◽  
Essential Service

Insurance plays a very vital role in the modern world economic system. Because of its role in providing socio-economic prosperity and security to life and property it has been recognized as an essential service throughout the whole world. But one Islamic scholar declare the insurance as unislamic due to the elements of Gharer (uncertainty), Maisir (gambling) and Riba (interest) involved in the operation of insurance contract. According to a saying of the Holy prophet (SM), “which he told to a Bedouin Arab, who left his camel unchained to the will of Allah,” tie the camel and then leave it to the will of Allah.” In another hadith the prophet (SM) advised to help one another in furthering virtue and God consciousness and do not help another in furthering evil and enmity. In view of these hadiths it’s established that concept of insurance does not contradict with shariah. Though the sharia support the insurance but not conventional insurance.

scholarly journals Outlines of a Global Power-Field (GPF) Theory (Part 1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-565
Author(s):  
Omer Awass
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Global Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Dynamics ◽  
Political Economic

This essay takes modern world-system theory and maps it into a political-economic field of power. This re-modeling of the theory better illustrates the diffuseness and the spatiality of the operations of global forces; thus, helping us have a greater appreciation of the durability and scope of Western economic and political hegemony across the world. Our exposition also tracks the structural transformation undergone by the Global Power-Field (GPF) throughout its history showing the evolving character of its dominance. Moreover, this field paradigm does not restrict its considerations to matters of political economy but also centralizes factors of politics and international relations that play a fundamental a role in driving historical dynamics. The workings of this emerging model are then illustrated by a historical case study from the Middle East: The nineteenth and early twentieth century Ottoman Empire.

scholarly journals School of History

2014 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
V. I. Ukolova
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical School ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
History Of

The current international processes and events, world politics at the beginning of the 21 century have once again clearly demonstrated that their meaning often emerges through the historical context without which the understanding of what is happening is hardly possible. Rector of MGIMO A.V. Torkunov in his talk on International relations as an educational discipline remarked that "as for sciences the basis of professionalism is mathematical skills and competencies, for international relations such a basis is history". Historical disciplines are taught at MGIMO from the very start of education process. MGIMO is one of the leading centers of research in the fields of history, political sciences and humanities. Here, in different years academics E.V. Tarle, L.N. Ivanov, V.G. Trukhanovskiy, A.L. Narochnitskiy and other prominent scholars and historians taught. Historical School of MGIMO has united important areas of historical science: the history of political processes in the twentieth century, modern history, the history of international relations and diplomacy, historical regional studies and cultural studies, oriental, philosophy and theory of history. The best traditions of the MGIMO historical school incorporated by its founders, make the foundation of its development at present. In 1992, the Department of MGIMO world and national history was established. The principle innovation was the combination of two components - historical education and historical science. This made it possible to present the story of Russia as an important part of the world history, opened up prospects for the implementation of comparative history, the synthesis of specific historical approaches and generalized global vision of civilization and human development. The historical school has realised a number of research projects, including "Alexander Nevsky" and the multi-volume "Great Victory", the work continues on a research project "Russia in the Modern World", and on a project "Synchronous History", etc.

Market Reforms in Russia: Can the Vicious Circle Be Teared Open?

2004 ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
V. Nimushin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Way

In the framework of broad philosophic and historical context the author conducts comparative analysis of the conditions for assimilating liberal values in leading countries of the modern world and in Russia. He defends the idea of inevitable forward movement of Russia on the way of rationalization and cultivation of all aspects of life, but, to his opinion, it will occur not so fast as the "first wave" reformers thought and in other ideological and sociocultural forms than in Europe and America. The author sees the main task of the reformist forces in Russia in consolidation of the society and inplementation of socially responsible economic policy.

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