An energy efficiency index for elastic actuators during resonant motion

Robotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Andrea Calanca ◽  
Tom Verstraten
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Energetic Characterization ◽  
Elastic Systems

Abstract The energetic advantages of series and parallel elastic actuators have been characterized in the literature considering different elastic systems and different tasks. These characterizations usually determine the energy consumption of a specific system during a specific task and generalize poorly. This paper proposes an energetic characterization of elastic actuators, following an analytical approach, rather than a data-driven one. In particular, this work analyzes the energy consumption of elastic actuators during resonant motion and introduces a novel efficiency index. This index characterizes energy consumption as a function of inherent actuator parameters only, generalizing over the specific tasks. The proposed analysis is validated using simulations and experiments, demonstrating its coherence with analytical results.

Energy Efficiency Assessment Oriented Building Energy Consumption System Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 734-740
Author(s):  
Yun Long Ma ◽  
Xiao Hua Chen ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Guo Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Energy Conservation ◽  
Consumption System

This paper analyzes the characteristics and composition of the energy consumption system of the building from the perspective of systematic energy conservation and presents the systematic framework of the consumption model. Based on the framework, the paper focuses on how to establish a building energy consumption assessment system, find the energy efficiency index system and assessment approaches, and apply the results directly into building energy conservation and emission reduction. It not only facilitates greatly the overall and efficient management of the energy consumption system of the building, but also serves as another new approach to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.

scholarly journals Specific Electrical Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions Assessment of Agrifood Industries in the Central Region of Portugal

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1880-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro D. Silva ◽  
Pedro Dinis Gaspar ◽  
J. Nunes ◽  
L.P.A Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Result Analysis

This paper provides a characterization of the electrical energy consumption of agrifood industries located in the central region of Portugal that use refrigeration systems to ensure the food safety. The study is based on the result analysis of survey data and energy characteristics of the participating companies belonging to the following agrifood sectors: meat, dairy, horticultural, distribution and wine. Through the quantification of energy consumption of companies is possible to determine the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions indexed to its manufacturing process. Comparing the energy and GHGs emissions indexes of companies of a sector and between sectors is possible to create reference levels. With the results of this work is possible to rating the companies in relation to reference levels of energy and GHGs emissions and thus promote the rational use of energy by the application of practice measures for the improvement of the energy efficiency and the reduction of GHGs emissions.

scholarly journals Perspectives and Intensification of Energy Efficiency in Commercial and Residential Buildings Using Strategic Auditing and Demand-Side Management

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar ◽  
Brar ◽  
Singh ◽  
Nikolovski ◽  
Baghaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Energy Auditing

With the ever-growing power demand, the energy efficiency in commercial and residential buildings is a matter of great concern. Also, strategic energy auditing (SEA) and demand-side management (DSM) are cost-effective means to identify the requirements of power components and their operation in the energy management system. In a commercial or residential building, the major components are light sources and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. The number of these components to be installed depends upon the technical and environmental standards. In this scenario, energy auditing (EA) allows identifying the methods, scope, and time for energy management, and it helps the costumers to manage their energy consumption wisely to reduce electricity bills. In the literature, most of the traditional strategies employed specific system techniques and algorithms, whereas, in recent years, load shifting-based DSM techniques were used under different operating scenarios. Considering these facts, the energy data in a year were collected under three different seasonal changes, i.e., severe cold, moderate, and severe heat for the variation in load demand under different environmental conditions. In this work, the energy data under three conditions were averaged, and the DSM schemes were developed for the operation of power components before energy auditing and after energy auditing. Moreover, the performance of the proposed DSM techniques was compared with the practical results in both scenarios, and, from the results, it was observed that the energy consumption reduced significantly in the proposed DSM approach.

Characterization of Thermal Inertia and Footprint Carbon of Clay-Wool, Clay-Cork, and Clay-Plastic Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 213-227
Author(s):  
Soumia Mounir ◽  
Youssef Maaloufa ◽  
Khabbazi Abdelhamid ◽  
Khalid El Harrouni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Low Carbon Emission

Passive solutions in the concept of energy efficiency play an important role in reducing energy consumption, and emissions of CO2. However, controlling the parameters of walls, and roof thermal Inertia is the perfect way to ensure comfort inside houses. In this paper, an investigation of thermal inertia behavior, and energy efficiency of clay with natural, and industrial additives: cork, wool, and waste of plastic. The use of those materials will improve the comfort of the inhabitants of the cold area who suffer from the hard climatic conditions, not just the block’s clay will be extracted from the same area but also they will be sun backed, the thing which will reduce the huge energy consumption of brickyard. A study of the energy efficiency of those materials was done using TRNSYS, and an evaluation of their environmental impact was evaluated by calculating their emissions in terms of CO2. The results obtained indicate an important characteristic in term of thermal Inertia, for a value of thermal transmittance of U= 0.55 W.m-2.K-1, we need 0.9m thickness of wall using the heavy concrete, however, if we use clay, we gain 69 %, clay-plastic we gain 79 %, clay cork, we gain 87 %, and by clay-wool, we earn 89 % in term of the wall’s thickness. For the delay of the heat flow of a wall of 25 cm, we could assure a delay of above 11h instead of just 2h for the heavy concrete. Concerning the heating need during a year during the cold season, the clay presents a need for 1500 KJ.h-1. Concerning the footprint carbon, the composite clay-cork has a negative footprint carbon; however, the clay and clay-wool present a low carbon emission near zero when the clay-plastic and the heavy concrete present the highest value of emissions.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and Quality of Life: Energy Efficiency Index

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Tie Chen ◽  
Yanhong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Efficiency Index

scholarly journals Feasibility Study on Energy Audit and Data Driven Analysis Procedure for Building Energy Efficiency: Bench-Marking in Korean Hospital Buildings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwang ◽  
Cho ◽  
Moon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Audit

Growths in population, increasing demand for health care services and comfort levels, together with patients on the rise in time spent inside hospitals, assure the upward trend that energy demand will continue in the future. Since the hospital buildings operate 24 hours, 365 days a year for the treatment and restoration of patients, they are approximately 2–3 times more energy-intensive than normal buildings. For this reason, energy efficiency in hospitals is one of the prime objectives for energy policy at regional, national and international levels. This study aims to find how meaningful energy performance, reflecting good energy management and energy conservation measures (ECMs), can be operated for hospital buildings, a category encompassing complex buildings with different systems and large gaps between them. Energy audit allows us to obtain knowledge from the healthcare facility, in order to define and tune data driven analysis rules. The use of benchmarking in the energy audit of healthcare facilities enables immediate comparison between hospitals. Data driven energy analysis also allows ascertaining their expected energy consumption and estimating the possible savings margin by using the building energy flow chart. In the 2015–2017 periods, bench-marking of four public hospitals in Seoul were audited for the energy consumption related to weather conditions, total area, bed numbers, employee numbers, and analyzed for building energy flow by zones, energy sources, systems and equipment. This is a practice-based learning in a hospital project. The results reveal that the average annual energy consumption of a hospital under normal conditions, and energy efficiency factors are divided into energy baselines, energy consumption goals for energy saving and energy usage trends for setting ECMs, respectively. The indicator dependent on the area of inpatients (number of beds) proved to be the most suitable as a reference to quantify the energy consumption of a hospital.

scholarly journals An Empirical Evaluation of Database Software Features on Energy Consumption

10.29007/9plt ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedef Akinli Kocak ◽  
Gülfem Isiklar Alptekin ◽  
Andriy Miranskyy ◽  
Ayse Bener ◽  
Enzo Cialini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Feature Interaction ◽  
Software System ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Interaction Database

Although software does not consume energy by itself, its characteristics determine which hardware resources are made available and how much energy is used. Therefore, energy efficiency of software products has become a popular agenda for both industry and academia in recent years. Designing such software is now a core initiative of software development companies aiming toward social responsibility. Meanwhile, however, devel- oping environmentally sustainable software products is a challenge in that performance, functionality and energy consumption can reflect conflicting goals. In this paper, our ob- jective is to analyze the effects of different features on energy consumption of the IBM DB2, a commonly used database product. The empirical work focuses on three features. We executed a workload in preconfigured software with some features enabled or disabled and with different numbers of users. To compare the different scenarios, three sets of green metrics were utilized. The metric set identified various parts of the software system where energy is consumed. Our findings may suggest that the conflicts among software system performance, functionality, and energy consumption can be mitigated by choosing a combination of features that interact in a way that improves energy efficiency. Index Terms energy consumption, green metrics, energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, software feature interaction, database.

scholarly journals Mortars Containing Sustainable PCM’s for the Energy Efficiency of Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Mariaenrica Frigione ◽  
Mariateresa Lettieri ◽  
Antonella Sarcinella ◽  
José Luìs Barroso de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
Change Material

Energy use in buildings represents more than one-third of global energy consumption and contributes to nearly one-quarter of greenhouse gases emission worldwide. The thermal comfort demand represents one of the main cause of the increased energy consumption. To guarantee a thermal indoor comfort, contributing at the same time to the energy saving, the Thermal Energy Storage (TES) methodologies have recently gained interest. These technologies involve the use of a smart material, i.e. a Phase Change Material (PCM), with the capability to absorb/release energy from/in the environment; it can be easily integrated into a building material, such as a mortar. In this work, aerial lime-based mortar with the incorporation of an eco-sustainable PCM have been analyzed with the purpose to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. For its non-toxic nature, a thermoplastic polymer has been selected as PCM, i.e. Poly-Ethylene Glycol (PEG 1000). This material was included in an inert support obtained as byproduct of stone extraction from quarry. The final product, i.e. PEG/stone, can be regarded as a composite to be used as mortar aggregate. A preliminary (chemical and physical) characterization of this compound shown that the sustainable aggregates PEG/stone have an appropriate Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES). The addition of these aggregates into a mortar compositions lead to an unsuitable reduction of mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Evaluation method of energy efficiency index of smart energy station based on subjective weight and entropy evaluation method

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 02063
Author(s):  
Yong Xu ◽  
Wenlin Xu ◽  
Lingqiao Zhang ◽  
Huiwen Yang ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
The Index System

Smart energy station plays the pivotal role of power grid in energy collection, transmission, conversion and utilization due to its characteristics of multi-station integration. In order to accurately evaluate the energy efficiency level of smart energy stations and achieve economic and efficient electricity consumption, an energy efficiency evaluation system suitable for the form of three stations in one is proposed. Firstly, the influencing factors of energy consumption of each station are analyzed, the index system of smart energy stations is established, and the calculation method of each index is given. Secondly, based on the index system of energy efficiency, through the combination of the subjective weighting method and entropy evaluation method to determine the index weight, combined with the score and weight of energy efficiency for smart energy efficiency assessment, based on three different running environment of wisdom energy station simulation comparison, get the efficiency score, verify the feasibility of the assessment method, and gives specific suggestions on saving energy consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document