scholarly journals ‘The City of the Eye’: Urban Aesthetics and Surveillance in the City of Venice

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Whybrow
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The University ◽  
Formal Controls ◽  
Urban Aesthetics ◽  
The City

Joseph Brodsky’s assertion in Watermark (1992) that Venice ‘is the city of the eye’, providing a sense of security and solace to inhabitants and visitors via the sheer aesthetic force of its surroundings, implicitly raises questions, in the context of the twenty-first-century city, about the performative nature of not only modern-day urban aesthetics but also surveillance in public space, both of which, as phenomena, are dependent on forms of visual observation. Taking into account contemporary Venice’s complex make-up in terms of its transient and permanent populations – tourists, economic migrants, and local residents – and the central issue facing the city of the gradual erosion of its historical infrastructure owing to excesses of commercialism and the material effects of flooding, in this article Nicolas Whybrow ponders the continuing role of aesthetics in an urban context. In particular, he considers how both Brodsky’s perception of the effects of the historical environment and contemporary instances of artistic intervention or engagement with the city – official (as part of the globally renowned Biennale) and unofficial (in the form of graffiti writing) – might position users of public space in the light of increased attempts to implement formal controls in the interests of security. Nicolas Whybrow is Associate Professor (Reader) and Head of Department in the School of Theatre, Performance, and Cultural Policy Studies at the University of Warwick. His most recent books are Art and the City (2011) and, as editor, Performing Cities (2014).

scholarly journals University City of Coimbra, ‘tabula rasa’ as a Project Methodology

2018 ◽  
pp. 112-124
Author(s):  
Joana Capela de Campos ◽  
Vítor Murtinho
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Urban Intervention ◽  
Blank Slate ◽  
University City ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Portugal and its image experienced a re-foundation process in the 30s and 40s of the 20th century promoted for ideological propaganda, which expressed itself as a profound regulation of urban intervention, lead by the Ministry of Public Works and Communications. Simultaneously, the University of Coimbra, a national symbol and an overseas cultural exchange platform, had to follow that change for modernization, which represented the national capacity of entrepreneurship and evidenced the nation’s strength and power on the international political stage and also its global influence. The upper part of Coimbra, the Alta, suffered a significant transformation due to a process occurring from 1934 to 1975, manifesting it by turning into a mono-functional citadel. These transformations started in the 40’s, when several demolitions, determined in the master plan, marked the beginning of the works. The aim of this paper is to highlight the project’s purposes that were used throughout the process of transformations from that period of that part of the Alta in the University City of Coimbra (UCC), taking into account the role that public space assumed in the new urban spatial organization. Through analyses of the master plans of the University City works, it is possible to verify the connection and fusion between the university citadel and the city, that is, between the university space and its urban context. While, in Europe, tabula rasa was a consequence of the destruction caused by war, in Portugal it was a project methodology to achieve the necessary space for construction. That was quite evident in this case, where the “blank slate”, so precious for the creative process of the Modern Movement, was made possible due to an assumption of power by the state.

scholarly journals WADAH AKTIVITAS DAN KOMUNITAS PESISIR DI MUARA BARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Febi Claudia Lie ◽  
Lina Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

Jakarta was developed started from the coastline and gradually moved to the centre of the city which left the coastal area remain untouch. The development of Jakarta which only oriented on capitalism cause in a lack of public space for the community, which make public coping with the issues independently. The roads in the housing area and villages was used by local residents as a space to socialize with neighbors or a place to do activities. There are still lots of kampung remained in Muara Baru which located in North Jakarta, but not facilitated by public space and open space to accommodate the citizen’s need to socialize and do their activity, so they carried out those activities in the middle of the road or alley which can disturb the traffic and endangered other people’s lives.  This phenomenon indicates that the community's need for public space is very high and needs to be anticipated immediately in order to avoid environmental and social degradation. The purpose of this project is to become a linkage that connect people with the surrounding environment, as well as humans with other humans, while this project also help the economy and home industry businesses, which bring in money to help the economy of local citizens, and cause positive interactions, such as knowledge exchange and development in economic aspects. AbstrakPembangunan kota Jakarta awalnya dimulai dari area pinggir laut yang kemudian semakin berkembang ke pusat kota, seiring berlangsungnya pembangunan di pusat kota, daerah pinggir/pesisir mulai ditinggalkan dan tidak tersentuh. Pengembangan kota Jakarta yang hanya berorientasi pada kepentingan kapitalis juga mengakibatkan kurangnya ruang publik bagi masyarakat, sehingga  mengakibatkan masyarakat mengatasinya secara mandiri. Jalan-jalan di dalam perumahan hingga perkampungan yang difungsikan oleh warga setempat sebagai ruang untuk bersosialisasi dengan tetangga atau tempat melakukan aktivitas. Kawasan Muara Baru yang terletak di wilayah pesisir Jakarta bagian Utara, masih terdapat banyak area perkampungan, tetapi tidak difasilitasi oleh ruang publik atau ruang terbuka sehingga untuk melakukan kegiatan berinteraksi dan beraktivitas, dilakukan di jalan/lorong kecil didepan rumah, yang dapat mengganggu lalu lintas dan juga membahayakan keselamatan warga dan juga pengguna jalan. Fenomena ini menandakan bahwa kebutuhan masyarakat akan ruang publik sangat tinggi dan perlu segera diantisipasi agar tidak terjadi degradasi lingkungan dan sosial, sehingga tujuan dari proyek ini adalah sebagai linkage yang menggabungkan manusia dengan lingkungan di sekitarnya, serta manusia dengan manusia lainnya, selain itu juga untuk membantu perekonomian dan usaha industri rumahan, yang dapat dilakukan serta menghasilkan uang untuk membantu perekonomian warga, serta menimbulkan interaksi positif, seperti pertukaran ilmu dan pembangunan aspek ekonomi, yang ke depannya akan menghasilkan kemajuan pada kota Jakarta dengan aspek sosial dan ekonomi yang seimbang.

scholarly journals Utica’s urban centre from Augustus to the Antonines

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 66-96
Author(s):  
Imed Ben Jerbania ◽  
J. Andrew Dufton ◽  
Elizabeth Fentress ◽  
Ben Russell
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Since 2010, a team from the Tunisian Institut National du Patrimoine and the University of Oxford1 has been investigating Utica’s monumental centre, located at the tip of the promontory on which the city is built (fig. 1). The range and scale of architectural elements littering this area were remarked upon by most antiquarian investigators of the site. Nathan Davis, working at the site in 1858, noted that, despite the fact that it “had been ransacked for building materials”, this part of the city was covered with “marble and granite shafts, capitals, and cornices, of every order, size, and dimension”.2 Alfred Daux even observed that local residents referred to the largest building of the zone as the “Dar Es Sultan” (Palace of the Sultan), such was its magnificence.3 Aerial photographs commissioned by A. Lézine in the 1950s (fig. 2) show the area at the head of the promontory almost completely robbed out during and immediately after the Second World War, giving it a rather desolate aspect.

scholarly journals Architecture as a System: Urban Catalysts for Lynchburg, Virginia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Pancorbo ◽  
◽  
Alex Wall ◽  
Iñaki Alday ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Linear Process ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
The University

This paper proposes a critical analysis of “ARCH 2010 Introduction to Urban Architecture” at the School of architecture of the University of Virginia. The studiois part of an overall strategy that tries to subvert the traditional method of teaching in architectural design. In a conventional linear process, students start withthe design of a small-scale architectural object and continue to design buildings in progressively larger scales. Provided with a strong urban context, the 2010 Studio follows a sinusoidal transition of scale, moving from small to large and back again. The ultimate goal of the studio is to put forward/produce an urban architectural project by linking the architectural object with the urban landscape as catalysts for the change within the city. The architectural proposals should be a strategic and thoughtful response to previous research on existing urban systems, and should support the revitalization of public life in their immediate environment and in the whole city. The course was divided in four parts: Elements and infrastructures of the urban environment, developed at Charlottesville Down Town Mall, Urban systems and networks, strategic development plan for 9th street, and design of a mixed-use building and public space (The last 3 parts took place in Lynchburg, Virginia). To connect these four main “problems” there were “transitional exercises” inserted in between them. With the same critical attention, this paper will analyze the final results, the various stages of the course as well as the areas of overlap between different phases, specially designed to ensure the student’s awareness of the consistency of the complete process.

Community gardening for integrated urban renewal in Copenhagen: securing or denying minorities’ right to the city?

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Parama Roy
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Community Gardening ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

This chapter presents a case study from Copenhagen on a community-based, but state-initiated urban gardening effort to examine what such efforts mean for the minorities’ (the homeless and the ethnic minorities’) right to the city (Purcell, 2002; 2013) especially within the context of a traditionally welfare-driven, but increasingly neoliberalized urban context. David Harvey has described the right to the city as “not merely a right of access to what already exists, but a right to change it after our heart’s desire” (Harvey, 2003). As such, in this chapter the concept of “right to the city” is operationalized as a measure or proxy for social and spatial justice to explore how the state-initiated community gardening effort in the Sundholm District shapes/secures/denies the homeless and the ethnic minorities’ ability to, a) use and just be in the physical space of the garden (a public space) and b) to translate this into access to the political space of urban governance (and governance of the garden space) where they can voice their needs/concerns.

Precarious, fragile and temporary interactions between the public sculpture collection of Santo Tirso and its non-specialized audience

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Costa
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Physical Relationship ◽  
The Public ◽  
Museum Displays ◽  
Online Archive ◽  
Contemporary Sculpture ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

The following article depicts ongoing research from the project Quiet Dialogues, part of a Ph.D. thesis in artistic education in the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Porto. Quiet Dialogues is a project that aims to map, explore and materialize the interactions that occur between the passer-by audience of the city and the International Museum of Contemporary Sculpture of Santo Tirso. The project’s resulting map will be in a public online archive showcasing all the interactions collected during the research. As the museum displays its artworks in the public space, this research explores three behavioural categories the audience may react towards the artwork. They are as follows: a mental relationship (a stand-off with the memory), a physical relationship (using the sculpture as shelter or support) and a playful interaction (using the sculpture as a game or in a ludic approach).

scholarly journals Greening and opening the public space of the Nile banks. A demonstration case study in Maadi, Cairo

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Amir Gohar
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Public Access ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
The City

The Nile, in general, and particularly in Cairo, is an ecological, cultural and social corridor that is not yet fully utilized. The 2011 Cairo workshop “Connecting Cairo to the Nile” identified the potential to increase accessibility to the river, suggested longitude trail system, proposed connecting the waterfront with adjacent neighborhoods and proposed expanding the ferry system. I studied a 2-km reach of the east bank in Maadi, a wealthy suburb about 10 km upstream of the city center, with relatively greener banks, availability of resources at the district level, higher awareness of local residents, physical setting allow for banks re-use, existence of community organizations (i.e. Tree Lovers and Midan).  Findings of fieldwork and interviews show that: (i) species of native vegetation found are Phoenix Dactylifera, Jacaranda, Cortedarea and Papyrus alba; these are concentrated along 115 meter in southern part of the study area. (ii) Public access was categorized into: public space (accessible), private or semi-public space (accessible with conditions), and prohibited (inaccessible). Along this representative stretch of the Nile, the public access was limited to 16%, the private or semi-public makes 29% and the prohibited zones are 55%. (iii) Boating operations found to be in three categories, floating hotels (Nile cruises), motor boats (including ferries) and sailing boats, all are scattered along the banks without an overall plan or organization, which affects water flow and block public access to the banks. To better develop the banks, I recommend (i) maintaining existing riparian vegetation and expand it to other areas with healthy banks or planted nurseries, (ii) connecting open public spaces to create a pleasant walking trail along the banks in addition to improving public access by relocating government buildings (such as the police or military facilities) and facilitate access to the river for general public, (iii) reducing the anchoring points to two locations and redistribute boating operations to group all motor boats to use the ferry anchoring points and all the sailing boats to use Al-Yacht club marina.

Urban Landscape and Printed Press in Habsburg Lemberg: the Kotsko Memorial of 1912

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Binder
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Urban Minority ◽  
The Press ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Alternative Sites ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article analyzes a political demonstration in Habsburg Lemberg commemorating the death of a Ukrainian student during fights at the university. The Ukrainians in Lemberg figured as an urban minority that claimed chief historical rights on the city, but was largely deprived of the chance to express this claim in public space. In this case, Lemberg's Ukrainians found two alternative sites to be suitable for the public expression of national self: the cemetery, a space largely outside the realm of political control, and a building in the city center of national significance to the local Ukrainian community. In these commemorations, the press played the role of transforming political events into consistent narratives that were in line with different groups' political intentions.

scholarly journals Talking, Walking and Making in Cheetham Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Gilmore ◽  
Luciana Lang
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester

This article presents a case study of an inter-disciplinary project in a small Victorian public park in Manchester. The project was a collaboration between Manchester Jewish Museum and the University of Manchester, which aimed to foster participation and a sense of ownership amongst local residents, park users and museum visitors, and create a sustainable social infrastructure to look after this particular public space. Academic researchers and an Artist-in-Residence worked together using a range of participatory methods we summarise as ‘talking, walking and making’. Here we reflect critically through the framework of ‘the commons’ to identify how and why the project failed to produce its intended outcomes. We focus on one object, the park's shelter; and one event, the park’s 130th anniversary, as ‘boundary objects’ (Star & Griesemer, 1989) to reveal the dissonant world-views of the project’s participants, critically assess its participatory methods, and offer reflexivity from a multidisciplinary perspective.

scholarly journals CAMPUSES, AS A CENTER FOR SOCIAL LIFE OF A CITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
V. O. Malashenkova ◽  
◽  
S. R. Petrovska ◽  
O. L. Chorna ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
University Campus ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the modern principles of architectural and spatial organization of campuses, creating the image of the University using the architectural appearance of the University campus. It were explored ways of creating a comfortable spatial environment and urban development strategy for the successful educational space of the University, the principles of creating new typological objects for the needs of modern educational technologies, integration of the learning process into the social life of the city, exchange of information between specialists and their communication with residents of the city was considered. The article touches upon the issue of constructing of modern University campuses, project strategies for achieving better quality of education, and conditions for the harmonious development of the individual were discussed. Using the example of the Vienna University of Economics campus, we consider the method of forming an intra-block pedestrian space with the definition of main characteristics of buildings that make up the University campus. The combination of landscape and architectural structures is the hallmark of every University. One of the main planning ideas of a modern campus is to form a single architectural and spatial environment. Attention is focused on interesting objects of the urban environment as centers of architectural compositions. The principles and experience of creating a humane public space with the preservation and renovation of historical landscape and recreational areas in the center of Vienna were described. The research is carried out in order to find the optimal type of spatial organization of the University campus that meets modern requirements.

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