Studies on Acacia mangium in Kemasul Forest, Malaysia. I. Biomass and productivity

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lim Meng Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Litter Accumulation ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTMalaysia is establishing large-scale plantations for reforestation and the production of wood for pulp and paper as well as for light construction. The main species used currently is the exotic legume Acacia mangium. The above-ground biomass, litter production and litter accumulation in a four-year-old stand in Peninsular Malaysia were studied. The mean diameter at breast height (dbh) was 12 cm. The mean annual increment (MAI) in dbh of individual trees ranged from 0.9 to 5.1 cm while MAI in height of sample trees ranged from 2.9 to 5.5 m. The total above-ground biomass of the stand was 90.4 t ha−1, consisting of 57.6 t stem, 14.1 t branch and 5.4 t leaf. Litter production averaged 10.23 t ha−1 yr−1 with leaf litter making up 87.4% of the total. Leaf litter accumulation amounted to 6.64 t ha−1 and the turnover constant of leaf litter was estimated at 1.35. The high productivity is discussed in relation to the high turnover of foliage and the low turnover of litter.

scholarly journals Above-Ground Biomass Estimation of Acacia mangium Willd. in Revegetation Area of Coal Mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Erfanda Irawan ◽  
Irdika Mansur ◽  
Iwan Hilwan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Allometric Model ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
The Mean

Acacia mangium Willd. is categorized as an invasive species in the revegetation area of coal mining. The presence of A.mangium causes a shortage the organic matter in the revegetation area. The abundance of A. mangium biomass could be used as a source of organic material for soil enhancer to improve soil fertility. The objective of this study was to develop allometric models of Acacia mangium and to estimate the potential above-ground biomass of A. mangium in PT Wahana Baratama Mining (PT WBM). This study was conducted in February-April 2019. A. mangium population and distribution were collected through vegetation inventory with 0.5% sampling intensity. The allometric models were established using a destructive method. The above-ground biomass allometric model for the four diameter classes are as follows: seedlings (B = 0,002002 - 0,02469D + 0,07322D2 with R2(adj)= 99,38%), saplings (B = 2,754 - 1,742D + 0,4093D2 with R2(adj)= 99,89%), poles (B = -9,16 - 1,153D + 0,5007D2 with R2(adj)= 99,96%), and trees (B = 0,134741D2,38 with R2(adj)= 96,94%). The allometric models were used to estimate the above-ground biomass potential total of A. mangium by using inventory data. The inventory result showed that the mean density of A.mangium is 13.187 individuals/ha with a mean diameter of 5,64 cm. The potential above-ground biomass of A. mangium in PT WBM revegetation area is estimated at up to 51.022,59 tons. The above-ground biomass of A. mangium has potential value to be utilized as a soil enhancer as well as meet the needs of organic material for the whole PT WBM revegetation areas.Keywords: above-ground biomass, coal mining, Acacia mangium, reclamation, revegetation

Biomass and litterfall of Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata in the mangrove forest of Gazi Bay, Kenya

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 999 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ Slim ◽  
PM Gwada ◽  
M Kodjo ◽  
MA Hemminga
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Inundation Frequency ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Ceriops Tagal ◽  
Leaf Litter Production

Biomass and (leaf) litter production of stands of Rhizophora mucronata and Ceriops tagal were assessed in an East African mangrove forest. Inundation frequency of the R. mucronata stand was twice a day (on average 575 min day-1), whereas the C. tagal stand was inundated only during spring tides (on average 116 min day-1). The highest above-ground biomass (24.9 � 4.0 kg dry weight m<.-2) was present in the R. mucronata stand, in which leaf litter production was 2.51 � 1.15 g DW mw2 day-1. Above-ground biomass and leaf litterfall in the C. tagal stand were 4.01 � 0.34 kg DW m-2 and 1.05 � 0.49 g DW m-2 day-1, respectively. There was a distinct seasonal pattern in litterfall in both stands, with lower litterfall values in the wet season. Chloride concentrations were relatively high in senescent leaves, compared with those in green leaves. The decreased litterfall during the wet periods may be related to a reduced accumulation of chloride in the leaves. The difference in inundation frequency between the R. mucronata and C. tagal stands is expected to cause a more substantial tidal export of fallen leaves from the R. mucronata stand. As nitrogen resorption before defoliation was similar for C. tagal (50.9%) and R. mucronata (50.1%), tidal flushing may cause larger nitrogen losses from the R. mucronata stand.

Mortality and Annual Changes in Distribution of Above-Ground Biomass in an Aspen Sucker Stand

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. W. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Annual Production ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Net Production ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Changes ◽  
Diameter Classes

Biomass (stems and branches) increased from 17 000 kg h−1 in the 4th year to 34 000 kg h−1 in the 7th year of development of an aspen sucker stand. The bulk of the biomass was distributed in the middle and upper diameter classes of shoots; net annual increases only occurred in the upper classes. About 80% of shoots dying in the 3 years of study were less than 2 cm dbh; the biomass lost in these amounted to 200 kg h−1 or less each year. The remaining 20% mortality occurred in the 7th year among shoots 2–5 cm dbh infected with Diplodiatumefaciens. Biomass lost in these larger shoots amounted to 4 900 kg h−1; this was close to the discrepancy between net production (stems and branches) in the 7th year (2600 kg h−1 per annum) and net production in the 5th and 6th years (about 7000 kg h−1 per annum.) Results suggest that although high rates of net annual production are obtainable in short rotations, the mean annual production is strongly influenced by disease because of insufficient time for enhanced growth of survivors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of modeled global carbon dynamics: analysis based on global carbon flux and above-ground biomass data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Lin Xue ◽  
Qinghua Guo ◽  
Tianyu Hu ◽  
Yongcai Wang ◽  
Shengli Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Cycles ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract. Dynamic global vegetation models are useful tools for the simulation of carbon dynamics on regional and global scales. However, even the most validated models are usually hampered by the poor availability of global biomass data in the model validation, especially on regional/global scales. Here, taking the integrated biosphere simulator model (IBIS) as an example, we evaluated the modeled carbon dynamics, including gross primary production (GPP) and potential above-ground biomass (AGB), on the global scale. The IBIS model was constrained by both in situ GPP and plot-level AGB data collected from the literature. Independent validation showed that IBIS could reproduce GPP and evapotranspiration with acceptable accuracy at site and global levels. On the global scale, the IBIS-simulated total AGB was similar to those obtained in other studies. However, discrepancies were observed between the model-derived and observed spatial patterns of AGB for Amazonian forests. The differences among the AGB spatial patterns were mainly caused by the single-parameter set of the model used. This study showed that different meteorological inputs can also introduce substantial differences in AGB on the global scale. Further analysis showed that this difference is small compared with parameter-induced differences. The conclusions of our research highlight the necessity of considering the heterogeneity of key model physiological parameters in modeling global AGB. The research also shows that to simulate large-scale carbon dynamics, both carbon flux and AGB data are necessary to constrain the model. The main conclusions of our research will help to improve model simulations of global carbon cycles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Sensitivity of SMOS L-VOD to Forest Above-Ground Biomass at Global Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1450
Author(s):  
Arnaud Mialon ◽  
Nemesio J. Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Maurizio Santoro ◽  
Sassan Saatchi ◽  
Stéphane Mermoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Ocean Salinity ◽  
Good Proxy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Tropics

The present study evaluates the L band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD) derived from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite to monitor Above Ground Biomass (AGB) at a global scale. Although SMOS L-VOD has been shown to be a good proxy for AGB in Africa and Tropics, little is known about this relationship at large scale. In this study, we further examine this relationship at a global scale using the latest AGB maps from Saatchi et al. and GlobBiomass computed using data acquired during the SMOS period. We show that at a global scale the L-VOD from SMOS is well-correlated with the AGB estimates from Saatchi et al. and GlobBiomass with the Pearson’s correlation coefficients (R) of 0.91 and 0.94 respectively. Although AGB estimates in Africa and the Tropics are well-captured by SMOS L-VOD (R > 0.9), the relationship is less straightforward for the dense forests over the northern latitudes (R = 0.32 and 0.69 with Saatchi et al. and GlobBiomass respectively). This paper gives strong evidence in support of the sensitivity of SMOS L-VOD to AGB estimates at a globale scale, providing an interesting alternative and complement to exisiting sensors for monitoring biomass evolution. These findings can further facilitate research on biomass now that SMOS is providing more than 10 years of data.

Allometric relationships and community biomass estimates for some dominant eucalypts in Central Queensland woodlands

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Burrows ◽  
M. B. Hoffmann ◽  
J. F. Compton ◽  
P. V. Back ◽  
L. J. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventory ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Eucalyptus Crebra ◽  
The Mean

Allometric equations are presented relating stem circumference to branch, leaf, trunk, bark, total above-ground and lignotuber biomass for Eucalyptus crebra F.Muell. (woodland trees), E. melanophloia Sol. Ex Gaerth. (both woodland and regrowth community trees) and E. populnea F.Muell. (woodland trees). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the slopes of individual lognormal regression lines plotting stem circumference against total above-ground biomass for E. crebra, E. melanophloia and E. populnea. Root-to-shoot ratios and leaf area indices were also determined for the stands contributing to each regression. The regressions were then applied to measured eucalypt stems in the associated plant community to give estimates of each stand’s component (eucalypt tree fraction only) biomass per hectare. These eucalypt regressions were next applied to measured stems of each species on a total of 33 woodland sites in which these eucalypts individually contributed > 75% of total site basal area. Above-ground biomass/basal area relationships averaged 6.74 0.29 t m–2 basal area for 11 E. crebra sites, 5.11 0.28 t m–2 for 12 E. melanophloia sites and 5.81 0.11 t m–2 for 10 E. populnea sites. The mean relationship for all sites was 5.86 0.18 t m–2 basal area. The allometric relationships presented at both individual tree and stand levels, along with calculated biomass : basal area relationships, enable ready estimates to be made of above-ground biomass (carbon stocks) in woodlands dominated by these eucalypts in Queensland, assuming individual stem circumferences or community basal areas are known. However, to document changes in carbon stocks (e.g. for Greenhouse Gas Inventory or Carbon Offset trading purposes), more attention needs to be placed on monitoring fluxes in the independent variables (predictors) of these allometric equations.

scholarly journals Spatial Structure of Above-Ground Biomass Limits Accuracy of Carbon Mapping in Rainforest but Large Scale Forest Inventories Can Help to Overcome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0138456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Guitet ◽  
Bruno Hérault ◽  
Quentin Molto ◽  
Olivier Brunaux ◽  
Pierre Couteron
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Carbon Mapping

scholarly journals Estimation of Above Ground Biomass and carbon stocks of Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea stands in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSEP RUSLIM ◽  
Daud Sandalayuk ◽  
Rochadi Kristiningrum ◽  
Andi Sahri Alam
Keyword(s):  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Ruslim Y, Sandalayuk D, Kristiningrum R, Alam AS. 2021. Estimation of Above Ground Biomass and carbon stocks of Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea stand in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1497-1508. Plantation forest plays an important role to fulfill timber needs, while more recently plantation forest is increasingly acknowledged to sequester and store carbon which can mitigate climate change and also as carbon sequestration for the environment. This study aimed to calculate the stand potential, stand biomass and carbon stocks of teak (Tectona grandis) and gmelina (Gmelina arborea) stands in the context of land after being abandoned in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Four plots with size of one hectare each were sampled in which each species (i.e. teak and gmelina) consisted of two plots. In each plot, the diameter at the breast-high (1.3 m) and the height of each individual were recorded. Data analysis included growth parameters of the stands (i.e., Mean Annual Increment/MAI and Current Annual Increment/CAI) and above-ground biomass and carbon sequestered by the stands. Simple linear regression using polynomial trendline was used to determine the relationship between variables and the degree of the relationship. The results showed that the maximum growth of teak stands at Plots I and II reached a maximum point at the age of 32 and 25 years with the total volume of 307.50 and 254.81 m3ha-1, respectively. While the maximum growth of gmelina stands at Plots I and II reached a maximum point at the age of 15 years with the total volume of 190.54 and 251.80 m3ha-1, respectively. The biomass content in teak stands at Plots I and II and gmelina stands at Plots I and II were respectively 267.83; 221.94; 104.03 and 137.48 tons ha-1. Meanwhile, the carbon content in teak stands at Plots I and II and gmelina stands at Plots I and II were respectively 125.88; 104.31; 48.90; and 64.62 tons ha-1. The results of the regression analysis suggest that there was strong relationship between carbon sequestered and the age of the stands as well as total basal area. The results of this study suggest that Tectona grandis is more potential to be developed as plantation forest than Gmelina arborea when aiming at carbon sequestration and biomass production.

scholarly journals Biomass production of grey alder, hybrid alder and silver birch stands on abandoned agricultural land

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Aosaar ◽  
Veiko Uri
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
The Mean

Halli lepa, hübriidlepa ja arukase biomassi produktsioon endistel põllumaadel The present study is based on four experimental sites, located in Southern-Estonia: hybrid alder and grey alder plantations located in Põlva county, and two sample plots of silver birch, located in Tartu county. The stand characteristics, above-ground biomass and current annual production (CAP) were estimated in order to evaluate production capacity of different tree species growing on abandoned agricultural lands. Due to fast growth and high biomass production capacity the most promising tree species for short-rotation forestry in Estonia is grey alder. The stem mass in the 13-years-old grey alder and hybrid alder stand was 63.4 t ha-1 and 40.0 t ha-1, respectively. However, the different biomass production is mainly affected by stand densities, 6170 trees per ha and 4080 trees per ha, respectively. During ageing, the differences between the alder stands diminish. At the age of 14, mean height and diameter at breast height were practically equal. Also the mean stem mass in the older, 13-year old stand, is almost equal: 10.3 kg in grey alder stand and 9.8 kg in hybrid alder stand. At a younger age, the mean stem mass was higher in grey alder stand, but later, at the age of 13, the mean stem mass has become almost the same (10.3 kg in grey alder stand and 9.8 kg in hybrid alder stand). The rotation period for hybrid alder is longer than for grey alder and bulk maturity will occur later. Silver birch is also a highly productive tree species and has a prospect for short-rotation forestry. The mean stem mass and annual current increment of 8-year-old silver birch stand was in same the magnitude as in the grey alder stand. Although the average stand diameter and height were lower in the silver birch stand than in the grey alder stand, it is compensated by the higher wood density of birch wood. The number of trees has affected silver birch stand production, the above-ground biomass in the very high density birch stand (35 600 trees per ha) was significantly lower than in the sparse stand (11 600 trees per ha), 22.8 t ha-1 and 31.2 t ha-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Agroforestry systems of Theobroma cacao L. affects soil and leaf litter quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Rangel Mendoza ◽  
Amanda Silva Parra
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Leaf Litter Production

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Agroforestry systems (AFS) and non-AFS of Theobroma cacao L. on soil and leaf litter quality, during rainy (RS) and dry (DS) seasons in a tropical zone. The treatments were T. cacao crop (CC), Yopo forestry (Anadenanthera peregrina L.) Speg. (YF), Acacia forestry (Acacia mangium Willd.) (AF), Agroforestry system of T. cacao + Yopo forestry (CYF), Agroforestry system of T. cacao + Acacia forestry (CAF), arranged in random design in the field. Leaf litter production was highest in CC (0.79 and 0.73 ton.ha-1) during RS and DS, respectively. CC and AFS improved soil fertility, less Mg in CC; AFS leaf litter quality, CAF in DS and CYF in both seasons, less B and S in DS. AFS can be a solution in tropical zones to solve the problems of low soil fertility.

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