1. CONVERSATION ANALYSIS AND APPLIED LINGUISTICS

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 3-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel A. Schegloff ◽  
Irene Koshik ◽  
Sally Jacoby ◽  
David Olsher
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Analytic Work ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Word Selection

Conversation Analysis (CA) as a mode of inquiry is addressed to all forms of talk and other conduct in interaction, and, accordingly, touches on the concerns of applied linguists at many points. This review sketches and offers bibliographical guidance on several of the major relevant areas of conversation-analytic work—turn-taking, repair, and word selection—and indicates past or potential points of contact with applied linguistics. After covering these areas, we include a brief discussion of some key themes in CA's treatment of talk in institutional contexts. Finally, we discuss several established areas of applied linguistic work in which conversation analytic work is being explored—native, nonnative, and multilingual talk; talk in educational institutions; grammar and interaction; intercultural communication and comparative CA; and implications for designing language teaching tasks, materials, and assessment tasks. We end with some cautions on applying CA findings to other applied linguistic research contexts.

Conversation analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Adult Esl ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Australian English ◽  
Ordinary Conversation

Abstract The first part of this paper presents the view that ordinary conversation is the most basic form of talk, and that Conversation Analysis (CA) in the ethnomethodological tradition, whilst widely known in Australian applied linguistics, has been very little used here as a set of research tools. The distinctiveness of the CA approach is presented, and it is argued that CA has the potential to make a more substantial contribution to applied linguistic research than it has hitherto. Second, the paper considers how some basic CA research – into receipt tokens such as mm, yeah, oh and others in Australian English – might be applied to a language teaching, and specifically into the development of teaching materials in an adult ESL context. It is argued that CA has the potential for wider application in Australian applied linguistics alongside some of the more widespread and better known qualitative research methods.

CORPUS LINGUISTICS, LANGUAGE CORPORA AND LANGUAGE TEACHING

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Eska Perdana Prasetya ◽  
Anita Dewi Ekawati ◽  
Deni Sapta Nugraha ◽  
Ahmad Marzuq ◽  
Tiara Saputri Darlis
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics

<span lang="EN-GB">This research is about Corpus Linguistics, Language Corpora, And Language Teaching. As we know about this science is relatively new and is associated with technology. There are several areas discussed in this study such as several important parts of the corpus, the information generated in the corpus, four main characteristics of the corpus, Types of Corpora, Corpora in Language Teaching, several types that could be related to corpus research, Applications of corpus linguistics to language teaching may be direct or indirect. The field of applied linguistics analyses large collections of written and spoken texts, which have been carefully designed to represent specific domains of language use, such as informal speech or academic writing.</span>

Acquiring variable commands at home and abroad: Examining optatives and imperatives in L1 and L2 Spanish

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-113
Author(s):  
Farrah Neumann ◽  
Matthew Kanwit
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual ◽  
At Home

AbstractSince many linguistic structures are variable (i. e. conveyed by multiple forms), building a second-language grammar critically involves developing sociolinguistic competence (Canale and Swain. 1980. Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics 1(1). 1–47), including knowledge of contexts in which to use one form over another (Bayley and Langman. 2004. Variation in the group and the individual: Evidence from second language acquisition. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 42(4). 303–318). Consequently, researchers interested in such competence have increasingly analyzed the study-abroad context to gauge learners’ ability to approximate local norms following a stay abroad, due to the quality and quantity of input to which learners may gain access (Lafford. 2006. The effects of study abroad vs. classroom contexts on Spanish SLA: Old assumptions, new insights and future research directions. In Carol Klee & Timothy Face (eds.), Selected proceedings of the 7th conference on the acquisition of Spanish and Portuguese as first and second languages, 1–25. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project). Nevertheless, the present study is the first to examine native or learner variation between imperative (e. g. ven ‘come’) and optative Spanish commands (e. g. que vengas ‘come’). We first performed a corpus analysis to determine the linguistic factors to manipulate in a contextualized task, which elicited commands from learners before and after four weeks abroad in Alcalá de Henares, Spain. Their overall rates of selection and predictive factors were compared to local native speakers (NSs) and a control group of at-home learners.Results revealed that the abroad learners more closely approached NS rates of selection following the stay abroad. Nonetheless, for both learner groups conditioning by independent variables only partially approximated the NS system, which was more complex than previously suggested.

scholarly journals Culture and complexity through English as a lingua franca: rethinking competences and pedagogy in ELT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Baker
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Language Pedagogy ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Meaningful Category

AbstractEnglish as a lingua franca (ELF) research highlights the complexity and fluidity of culture in intercultural communication through English. ELF users draw on, construct, and move between global, national, and local orientations towards cultural characterisations. Thus, the relationship between language and culture is best approached as situated and emergent. However, this has challenged previous representations of culture, particularly those centred predominantly on nation states, which are prevalent in English language teaching (ELT) practices and the associated conceptions of communicative and intercultural communicative competence. Two key questions which are then brought to the fore are: how are we to best understand such multifarious characterisations of culture in intercultural communication through ELF and what implications, if any, does this have for ELT and the teaching of culture in language teaching? In relation to the first question, this paper will discuss how complexity theory offers a framework for understanding culture as a constantly changing but nonetheless meaningful category in ELF research, whilst avoiding essentialism and reductionism. This underpins the response to the second question, whereby any formulations of intercultural competence offered as an aim in language pedagogy must also eschew these simplistic and essentialist cultural characterisations. Furthermore, the manner of simplification prevalent in approaches to culture in the ELT language classroom will be critically questioned. It will be argued that such simplification easily leads into essentialist representations of language and culture in ELT and an over representation of “Anglophone cultures.” The paper will conclude with a number of suggestions and examples for how such complex understandings of culture and language through ELF can be meaningfully incorporated into pedagogic practice.

Teaching oral requests

Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Petraki ◽  
Sarah Bayes
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Cultural Appropriateness ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Communication

Research in English language teaching has highlighted the importance of teaching communication skills in the language classroom. Against the backdrop of extensive research in everyday communication, the goal of this research was to explore whether current discourse analytic research is reflected in the lessons and communication examples of five English language teaching textbooks, by using spoken requests as the subject of investigation. The textbooks were evaluated on five criteria deriving from research on politeness, speech act theory and conversation analysis. These included whether and the extent to which the textbooks discussed the cultural appropriateness of requests, discussed the relationship of requests and other contextual factors, explained pre-sequences and re-requests and provided adequate practice activities. This study found that none of the coursebooks covered all of the criteria and that some coursebooks actually had very inadequate lessons. The results of the textbook analysis demonstrate that teachers using these five coursebooks and designers of future coursebooks must improve their lessons on requests by using pragmatics research and authentic examples as a guide.

Research in applied linguistics relevant to language teaching: 1990

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Rosamond Mitchell ◽  
Christopher Brumfit
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics

scholarly journals Editor's Introduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. vi-vii
Author(s):  
Charlene Polio
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Second Languages ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Second Language Pedagogy

With this volume of the Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (ARAL), I continue the tradition of my predecessors of producing a volume on the topic second language pedagogy about every five years. Although applied linguistics encompasses more than the teaching and learning of second languages, articles on these topics tend to be among the most downloaded from the ARAL web site. I decided, however, to break with the tradition of focusing mostly on specific skill areas. Because language teaching is a situated activity that cannot be separated from its contexts and learners, the first section is devoted to language learning in or for specific contexts (secondary school settings, online, the workplace, the Asia-Pacific region, and study abroad), and the second section focuses on specific learners (young learners, adult emergent readers, and hearing learners of sign language). These are followed by a section on integrated approaches and includes articles on language-literature instruction, content and language integrated learning, the application of corpus research to language teaching, and multimodal literacy. The final section includes articles on more specific skill areas including teaching non-Roman writing systems, collaborative writing, and pragmatics.

scholarly journals Evaluation Methods in Teaching Translation by Saudi University Instructors under Coronavirus Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Eman Mohammad Mahmoud AlOneen
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Simple Observation ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

Coronavirus pandemic has posed challenges in evaluating students’ performance in educational institutions all over the world. Therefore, university instructors may encounter some problems in evaluating their students fairly through online teaching since it was not an easy task before this worldly crisis. The current study aims at investigating the perspectives of instructors who teach translation courses at some Saudi universities towards the followed evaluation methods in teaching translation courses during Coronavirus pandemic. Two methods were used to collect data: simple observation and online questionnaire. The participants were 21 instructors from 10 Saudi universities. The findings of this study show that using machine translation and CAT tools by students in doing assessment tasks does not guarantee fairness among students during Coronavirus pandemic regardless of the nature of translation courses. In addition, online exams and assignments are less fair to show the individual differences among students compared with written exams before Coronavirus pandemic. To evaluate students’ performance in translation courses fairly, the participants of this study suggested some solutions such as modifying questions' patterns of some translation exams and assignments to cope with online teaching, emphasizing the importance of live sessions and online participation as assessment tasks for students during Coronavirus pandemic, using other evaluation methods such as live oral assessment, editing texts, multiple choice editing questions, etc. The study concludes with some recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Communicative Language Teaching Method in Teaching the Kazakh Language to Russian-Speaking Technical Students in Kazakhstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
N. M. Aubakirov ◽  
A. A. Dolgopolova
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Technical Students ◽  
Traditional Grammar

The article deals with the specifics of teaching Kazakh language to Russian-speaking technical students at Karaganda State Technical University, Kazakhstan, in the light of the nationwide trilingualism policies. The paper explains ineffectiveness of the traditional grammar-translation method used today in many educational institutions. It  has been hypothesized that Kazakh language teachers should use the  Communicative language teaching (CLT) methodology, which is rather popular in the West and widely used for teaching foreign languages, in particular English, with its adaptation for Kazakhstan’s conditions. The study  gives a model of a communication-based lesson and proves its effectiveness  in teaching Kazakh language to Russian-speaking students as well as  suggests the possibility of its widespread implementation for training adult population in Kazakhstan.

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