Intramuscular fat analysis of intensively and commercially reared British Angora goats

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
J. A. Kirk ◽  
V. S. A. Russell-Dawe ◽  
S. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Production ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Angora Goats ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Angora Goat

The Angora goat herd in the UK primarily produces mohair but must, as an enterprise, maximise the return from animals that are surplus to requirement. It has been suggested that the Uk producer should be aiming for fourty percent of financial output from meat and sixty percent from mohair (Thirwell 1988). Compared to cattle and sheep, knowledge of yield and quality of goat meat reared under UK conditions is limited. The role of nutrition and stage of maturity in determining levels and distribution of fat are poorly understood (Warmington and Kirton 1990).The male castrate Angora goat was selected since this constitutes the major source of meat, being generally redundant after two years of age when fibre quality begins to decline. Animals were sequentialy slaughtered at the predetermined ages of six,12, 18 and 24 months to coincide with the commercial practice of shearing Angora goats at six monthly intervals. Fourty animals, typical of those kept for commercial mohair production in the Uk, were reared under a commercial or intensive rearing system. Twenty goats were fed on a grass based, commercial system, representing that fovouring quality fibre production. The remaining twenty were reared intensively on an ad lib. pelleted complete diet containing 8.9 MJ/kg dry matter and 11.4 percent crude protein. Five goats from each diet were slaughtered at the predetermined times. After slaughter the carcases were jointed and then dissected inio lean, fat and bone. The quantity and composition of the intramuscular fat in the longissimus dorsi was determined using the Food and Research Association (1987) method and by use of gas chromatography.

Effect of dietary protein and energy on growth and fibre characteristics of british angora goats

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
Md. Shahjalal ◽  
H. Galbraith ◽  
J.H. Topps
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Angora Goats

There is increasing interest in the diversification of animal production systems to produce products which are not in surplus nationally. Fine fibre production from goats is one such subject area. Previous studies (e.g. Huston, 1980; Calhoun et al, 1988) in other countries have suggested that the yield and quality of mohair fibre may be influenced by nutritional factors such as protein and energy. The aim of the work reported here was to investigate the effects of differences in dietary protein and energy on body growth and yield and quality of mohair fibre produced by British Angora goats.Twenty four male castrate British Angora goats of Australasian origin with an initial liveweight of 23.5 kg were used in a 112 day study. The goats were housed in individual pens and introduced to pelleted diets over a period of three weeks. The animals were allocated to four dietary treatments by randomised block design according to liveweight. The animals received diets containing, per kg dry matter, concentrations of estimated metabolizable energy of 10.2 MJ (LE) or 11.9 MJ (HE) and crude protein concentrations of 108 g (LP) or 180 g (HP) in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment. The animals were offered high energy diets (30 g/kg liveweight) which were increased when live weight increased by 1.0 kg. The goats on the low energy rations were offered amounts equivalent to 0.85 of the ME intake from HE diets. The live weight gain and food intake were recorded weekly.

The effect of varying protein degradability on mohair fibre characteristics and liveweight gain in angora goats

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
S.A. Austin ◽  
D. Aliakbar ◽  
R.A. Cooper ◽  
J.A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Angora Goats ◽  
Rumen Undegradable Protein ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Protein Degradability

The primary objective of Angora goat producers is to optimise yields of high quality mohair, characterised by long staples of fine fibres. There is also now an increased interest in the concurrent production of goat meat as an additional source of income. Protein supplementation has been shown to affect mohair yield, quality and liveweight gain in Angora goats both in the USA (Shelton and Huston, 1966) and more recently in the UK (Shahjalal et al., 1991). Throckmorton et al. (1982) detected an improvement in liveweight gain and fibre production when Australian Angoras were fed a supplement high in rumen undegradable protein (UDP) but the effect of protein degradability has not yet been established, particularly under UK conditions. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of varying protein degradability on yield, staple length and fibre diameter of mohair, and on liveweight gain of British Angora goats.

Effects of dietary yeast and protein supplementation on growth and fibre characteristics of british angora goats

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
E R Deaville ◽  
H Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Additional Protein ◽  
Angora Goats ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Fibre Characteristics

The growing need to diversify animal production in the UK has Increased the interest in indigenous fibre production. Mohair production from Angora goats 1n this country dates back as recently as 1981 with the Importation of 15 Angora does and 3 bucks from New Zealand (Ryder, 1987). To date this production remains a very small enterprise producing less than 0.2% of the world's mohair production (Fisher, 1989) and is compared with an estimated 40% of the world's mohair Imported annually in the UK, valued at approximately £35 million (Fisher, 1989).There is relatively little information available concerning the nutritional requirements of British Angora goats in relation to mohair production. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of feeding basal diets supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Yea -Sacc, Alltech, Europe) and additional protein on growth performance, selected blood metabolites and fibre (mohair) growth 1n Angora goats.

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation in Vitis labruscana Bailey ‘Concord’ in Central Washington

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Stout ◽  
Joan R. Davenport ◽  
R. Troy Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Vitis Labruscana ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Sudden Decrease

Drought conditions in the western United States have limited water availability for the irrigation of agricultural products. This can have a dramatic impact on yield and quality of specialty perennial crops, such as juice grapes (Vitis labruscana Bailey). Washington State juice grape industry typically irrigates to 100% of crop-specific evapotranspiration (ETc) throughout the season to minimize yield loss. However, as conditions have limited water availability, growers need a new strategy to cope with the limited water supply. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) applies less water than plant ETc and has been shown to improve fruit quality in red wine grapes (Vitis vinifera). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of RDI treatments on the yield and quality of ‘Concord’ juice grapes as compared with current commercial practice. The treatments reduced the amount of water applied between bloom and veraison by 25% (−25%), 33% (−33%), and 45% (−45%) from the control application. The results of this 4-year study initially indicated a dramatic decrease in yield in the −45% treatment (7.5 Mg/ha) as compared with the control treatment (19.2 Mg/ha); however, yield for the RDI treatments recovered in the subsequent seasons and was not statically different from the control. There were no statistical differences in fruit quality between treatments. This indicates that RDI has the potential to decrease water applied between bloom and veraison without impacting fruit quality; however, to avoid a sudden decrease in yield, it would be necessary to gradually reduce water applications over several years.

In vitro Fibre production and protein deposition in secondary hair follicles of the cashmere and angora goat

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 219-219
Author(s):  
D R Lee ◽  
H Galbraith ◽  
J R Scaife
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Angora Goat

Hair fibre represents an important biological process to many feral and domesticated animals, both for environmental protection and as an aid to thermoregulation. Mohair which is the fine fibre produced by secondary hair follicles of the Angora goat grows essentially independent of season, with typical growth rates of 0.5-1 .0mm/day and annual yields typically 2-3kg. In contrast, down production from secondary hair follicles of double coated goats, classified as cashmere, is dependent on season. Fibre grows from around the summer to the winter solstice or later, with growth rates in this period of 0.3-0.7mm/day and annual yields maximally 600g but typically less than 100g. Questions arise as to how the seasonal stimuli affect fibre growth, and what determines the differences in fibre production between the two genotypes at the follicle level.In the work described here, based on the in vitro isolation and culture technique developed for the Angora and Cashmere goats by Ibraheem et al (1993, 1992 repectively) we have compared fibre volume produced in vivo and in vitro, examined the DNA concentration and protein depositional capacities of mohair and cashmere secondary follicles. In addition the effects of the hormones prolactin and melatonin as mediators of photoperiod in vivo, on in vitro protein deposition in mohair and cashmere secondary hair follicles are also examined.

Comparative post-weaning growth and carcass characteristics in suckled, purebred Charolais and Limousin x Aberdeen Angus steers finished intensively on a cereal based ration

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
G. J. Hill ◽  
J. J. Hyslop
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Male Progeny ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
The Uk

Following commercial practice in France, there is increased interest in using specifically selected purebred maternal lines as suckler cow dams in the UK. Consequently, there is also a need to evaluate the finishing performance of the concomitant purebred male progeny from these maternal lines within typical UK suckled calf finishing systems. The objective of this study was to compare the post-weaning performance of purebred Charolais (CH) steers and crossbred Limousin x Aberdeen Angus (LIMxAA) steers when finished using a cereal-based ration.

Relationship between dietary protein, mohair fibre and carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of angora goats

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
H Galbraith ◽  
J J Baloyi ◽  
J R Scaife
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Angora Goats

There is a developing interest in the use of fibre-producing goats in the United Kingdom. Information on nutritional requirements under UK conditions and for different genotypes of goats is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate further the role of dietary protein in determining the yield and quality of (a) mohair Fibre and (b) meat with emphasis on fat composition in Angora goats.Ten Texan cross male castrate Angora goats aged about 10 months and weighing 21.6 kg initially were used. They were individually penned and allocated to good quality diets containing (per kg dry matter (DM)) approximately 10 MJ metabolisable energy and either 110 (LP) or 178 (HP) g crude protein. The diets were restricted to intakes of 37 g/kg liveweight (LW) and the study lasted for 70 days. The goats were weighed weekly and food intake was recorded daily. Blood samples were collected pre-feeding by jugular venepuncture at approximately 0900 hrs on day 0, 35 and 70 and at 07.30,09.00,10.30,12.00 and 13.00 hrs on day 63.

Validation of a computer simulation of the impact performance of a wire rope safety fence

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (12) ◽  
pp. 1557-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Bateman ◽  
I C Howard ◽  
A R Johnson ◽  
J M Walton
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Motor Industry ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

A computer simulation has been developed at The University of Sheffield that predicts the impact performance of roadway wire rope safety fences. Effective use of this simulation for design, or other purposes, requires it to be validated by showing that the predicted vehicle motion and fence response closely represent that of the real system. Two distinct validation studies are described in the current paper. The first compares the major results of eight impact tests undertaken at the UK Motor Industry Research Association and a further four impact tests undertaken at the Swedish Road and Transport Research Institute with the simulation predictions. The close prediction of the test results validates the use of the simulation as a design tool for a range of fence designs and impact conditions. The second validation study compares, in detail, the test results and simulation prediction for a single test. This suggests that, if required, results may be improved further by considering suspension effects in the vehicle model, and by a better understanding of frictional effects at the rope-post and the rope-vehicle contacts.

Effects of protected methionine supplementation of the diet and genotype on growth, digestive characteristics and fibre yield in cashmere and angora goats

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 100-100
Author(s):  
M. Souri ◽  
H. Galbraith ◽  
J.R. Scaife ◽  
P.E.V. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Guard Hair ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Angora Goats ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
The Individual

Methionine is a sulphur-containing essential amino acid which is frequently deficient in animal diets. A number of reports have indicated positive responses to the addition of methionine to the diet of ruminants in the form of protein or the individual amino acid. Protection against degradation by rumen microorganisms is necessary in addition to availability for absorption in the small intestine.The two major genotypes of fine fibre-producing goats are the Angora breed which produce predominantly mohair and those which produce cashmere from secondary hair follicles. Fibre production by primary follicles in Angora goats is limited whereas ‘guard hair’ production in cashmere producers is generally susbtantial.The object of the present study was to compare the response of the two genotypes to the incorporation of a ruminally protected intestinally available methionine supplement in the diet.

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