A Low Density Material for Aircraft Structures

1940 ◽  
Vol 44 (353) ◽  
pp. 433-438
Author(s):  
V. E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Structural Strength ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Military Effectiveness ◽  
Aerodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Aircraft Structures ◽  
New Development ◽  
New Type ◽  
Bending Loads

When the all-metal cantilever monoplane brought to a close the era of wood, tubes and fabric for aeroplane structures, the new development opened up broad fields for the improvement of aerodynamic efficiency, with resulting great increases in all-around performance, military effectiveness, and economy of operation.The all-metal fuselage represented a new type of construction in that the skin formed a shell to replace trusses in carrying the bending loads imposed at the tail in flight and on the ground.The scheme of using a shell to give–at once–structural strength and aerodynamic fairing, previously accomplished by two elements, appears to be economical and sound. If the labour now needed for the fabrication and assembly of the multiplicity of internal members is to be eliminated the stresses must be taken in the skin and the principle should, if practical considerations permit, be extended to include the wing and fixed tail units.

Integral Construction

1953 ◽  
Vol 57 (508) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Keen
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Aircraft Structures ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Integral Structures

There has been considerable activity of recent years, particularly in America, in the field of integral structures for aircraft.The fundamental problem in aircraft structures is to make a relatively thin skin covering take applied compression, shear and bending loads. This has been achieved so far by the attachment of stiffeners, but this requires a large amount of riveting which in itself causes structural inefficiency and also spoils the smoothness of the skin, particularly when laminar flow is desired. Metal gluing shows great advantages over riveting in this respect but it is doubtful whether the bond strength will be great enough to attach very heavy stringers to very thick sheet. Where structural loadings become higher the required thickness of sheet and stringers may make the continued use of riveting difficult, if not impossible.

scholarly journals The Establishment of China's New Type Rural Social Insurance Pension: A Process Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-147
Author(s):  
Matthias Stepan ◽  
Quan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Income Security ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Development ◽  
New Type ◽  
Process Perspective

This study explores the processes and outcomes of the public policy reforms from 2002 to 2014, targeting income security among the elderly for a segment of the Chinese population that was increasingly marginalised throughout the 1990s: the rural population. The authors reconstruct the policy process from 2002 until 2014 that led to the establishment of the New Type Rural Social Insurance Pension and assess its impact on providing adequate and sustainable old-age income. One particular focus is the study of the influence of international actors. Yet, as key to the success of the initiative, the authors identify the decisive support of the central level leadership, which facilitated the process by announcing a new development model and providing earmarked transfers from the central government. Despite the improvements in the income security of elderly rural Chinese, questions remain about the Chinese pension system's long-term sustainability and the influence of the system's fragmentation on social mobility and equality.

Discussion on Land Use Planning of Modern Mixed-Use Industrial Parks - A Case Study of Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City (SSGKC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wu ◽  
Yong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
New Development ◽  
New Type ◽  
Development Approach

Mixed-use industrial park represents a new development approach of the modern industrial parks. Complying with this tendency, the land use planning of Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City (SSGKC) proposes land relevance, non-interference and proportion control principles; discusses various mixing-use modes of commercial service land, residential land and industrial land. The plan also put forward a new type of cluster using layout to enhance the mixed land uses and eventually shape up a new industrial park that well integrates city with Industrial Park and industry with residence.

A New Type of Low Density Material: Shellular

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (37) ◽  
pp. 5506-5511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Chul Han ◽  
Jeong Woo Lee ◽  
Kiju Kang
Keyword(s):  
Low Density ◽  
New Type

The Simulation and Analysis of the New Type Large Vacuum Container Flange Welding Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 671-676
Author(s):  
Bo Tao Liu ◽  
Yan Qi ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Shi Zeng Lv ◽  
Guo Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Stiffness Property ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Stability

Flange is the key part of the large vacuum container and its stiffness property affects the sealing effect and the stability of the container. Large flange welding process will have a greater impact on its structural strength. In view of the traditional way of forming large vacuum container flange has problems that processing and manufacturing are difficult, more material consumption, and poor stiffness, a new type of flange structure was support. The new design has hollow structure and the welding process of cover flange was simulated through the finite element method. After that, the stress and the deformation were analyzed and then the proper welding scheme was optimized.

FIELD EXPERIENCE WITH ANTIBAC. A NEW TYPE OF CHLORINE SANITIZER

1953 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie R. Bacon ◽  
Alfred L. Sotier ◽  
Armin A. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Total Bacteria

A new type of chlorine-liberating germicide designed to provide sanitizing solutions in the pH range of 5.8 to 7.0 has been introduced under the name of Wyandotte Antibac. This new germicide is a white, low-density powder based on 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin as the active agent and contains 16 percent available chlorine. Data obtained from performance tests in food and beverage serving establishments in several cities show that Antibac is an outstanding sanitizer for eating and drinking utensils. In germicidal performance it is comparable to sodium hypochlorite but its action on the skin is much milder. The material is rapidly and completely soluble in hot or cold water and shows excellent wetting and rinsing behavior. Other favorable characteristics found are a lesser retention of chlorous odor by sanitized vessels and no adverse effects on the foaming of beverages. After the introduction of Antibac for the sanitization of farm dairy utensils in unsupervised tests a considerable reduction in total bacteria counts in the milk and a very notable reduction in heat-resistant bacteria counts were found.

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