The Shellfish Resource in a Polluted Tidal Inlet

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hruby
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tidal Inlet ◽  
Mya Arenaria ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Soft Shell ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

In the City of Gloucester, Massachusetts, 30% of the Soft-shell Clam (Mya arenaria) beds in a tidal inlet known as the Annisquam River are not harvestable owing to the discharges of untreated sewage from the surrounding area. A large proportion of the total area of the clam-flats has been closed to clamming because of exceedingly high levels of coliform Bacteria in the clams and in the water. These polluted areas represent a ‘loss’ of resources for the community, and they were surveyed in 1980 to determine the number and value of Clams which could have been harvested if only the sewage discharges had been controlled.In the productive areas of the closed-to-fishing flats, which totaled 25.9 ha, the densities of Clams larger than 2.5 mm were found to be statistically the same on the 9 flats sampled and averaged 122.3 per m2. The average number of legally harvestable Clams (those with shells more than 51 mm in length) was 23.3 per m2, and the total yield that could have been harvested in 1980 was estimated at 6 × 106 Clams. Assuming that only 50–60% of the Clams would actually have been harvested in a year (i.e. 3.2 × 106 animals), the local community lost $332,400 in retail sales alone for lack of adequate sewage treatment facilities. Locally, 70% of the harvest goes into the restaurant trade where a bushel (35.2 1), which contains some 1,600 animals, retails for $210, and 30% is sold fresh at $64 per bushel.

Appropriate Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Morocco – Boujad: A Case Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Niedrum ◽  
A. Karioun ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
S. W. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Hot Arid Climate ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Reuse of wastewater for crop irrigation is essential to sustain agricultural growth in a country such as Morocco where water resources are scarce due to the hot, arid climate. However few towns in Morocco have sewage treatment facilities and reuse with untreated wastewater is therefore widespread, and the public health risks from excreta related disease high. A suitable treatment system to provide safe water for irrigation is the use of waste stabilisation ponds, which provide an effluent high in microbiological quality and also high in fertilizer value due to the large amounts of algae which are normally discharged. It was therefore decided to implement an integrated waste stabilisation pond, effluent reuse system as a demonstration scheme of the advantages, both in terms of improved crop productivity and public health of the local community. The town of Boujad in Kouribga Province was selected as a suitable site and this paper describes the background to the development.

scholarly journals Cleaning the Kafirnigan River From Sewage Pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
P. Murodov ◽  
O. Amirov ◽  
P. Khuzhaev
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Sewage Pollution ◽  
Current State ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

The influence of the discharged treated wastewater on the ecology of the Kafirnigan River is considered. The data on the current state of sewage treatment facilities in the city of Dushanbe are given and an assessment of the environmental efficiency of these treatment facilities is given. Preliminary calculations of costs for the construction of a new sewage treatment plant in Dushanbe have been made. The article is devoted to the current problem of cleaning storm sewers. It should be noted that storm water drainage, like wastewater, has a negative impact on the environment. Before the wastewater is disposed of, it is necessary to treat it in a special way, subjecting it to treatment of varying degrees and depths.

scholarly journals Study of Physico-chemical and Biological Characteristics of the Water of River Ganga at Patna, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUMARI SATYA ◽  
CHANDRAVIR NARAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Indian Central ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
The City

River Ganga arises on the southern slopes of the Indian central Himalayan region beginning the Gangotri glacier. The river covers catchment area of 8, 61,404 km2 and its total length in the state Bihar stretch is 475 km. This study was carried out at Patna in the river Ganga at two sampling sites, viz., Digha Ghat (upstream) and Gai Ghat (downstream). The objective of the study was to observe the eminence of water of Ganga at Patna. The results that indicate that the river reaches near the city of Patna (upstream at Digha Ghat) are less polluted with pH 7.75, DO 7.42 mg/l, BOD 2.48 mg/l and COD 15.12 mg/l, while when the river leaves city after travelling 18 km (downstream at Gai Ghat), concentration of all pollutants increases significantly (pH 6.28, DO 6.22 mg/l, BOD 2 mg/l and COD 23 mg/l). The concentration of coliform bacteria (total coliform ranges from 5000 to 6000 MPN/100ml and faecal coliform ranges from 2200 MPN/100ml and 3000 MPN/100ml at both the sites) was recorded at higher level than the upper limit of the permissible level. This increment may be due to domestic and sewage discharge from the city. The municipality of Patna has sewage treatment plant capacity of about 109 MLD but whereas the city generates approximately 250 MLD sewage/township discharge. For the maintenance of pristine quality of water of the river Ganga, the sewage need be treated before discharge

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT FACILITIES CITIES OF TERNOPIL BY THE COMPLEX OF HYDROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE RIVER SERET

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
V. Pashnyuk ◽  
O. Myakush ◽  
L. Sysa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Hydrochemical Parameters ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

Introduction. The quality of wastewater treatment in settlements is an important task of our time. To assess the efficiency of treatment plants in a particular city often use the hydrochemical parameters of the reservoir into which the treated wastewater is discharged. The paper describes the modern sewerage system of the city of Ternopil and the technological process of operation of citywide sewage treatment plants (STP). The purpose of the work is to find out how effectively the Ternopil STP work and whether their activity poses a danger to the Seret River and the inhabitants of coastal settlements. Methods. Hydrochemical parameters of these water samples were studied in the laboratory according to appropriate regulatory methods. Potentiometric, gravimetric, photometric and other methods of chemical analysis were used for research. Results of the research. 2 samples of water from the river Seret were taken for laboratory research. One sample was taken upstream near the outlet of the drain pipes of these structures, the second sample - downstream. Based on the obtained numerical results of the analyzes, the efficiency of the city's treatment facilities was assessed. It is shown that the overall water quality in the Seret River downstream after the discharge of the city's wastewater treatment  plants is satisfactory. The levels of nitrates and phosphates in the studied samples are almost on the border of the MPC, but this is not necessarily due to the poor performance of the city's treatment facilities. There are many agricultural lands on the banks of the river, which often use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Significant exceeding of the limit value for chemical oxygen consumption can be explained by the warm season (September). At this time, a lot of biological organic matter has accumulated in natural reservoirs. Conclusions. As a result of researches it is established that treatment facil-ities of the city of Ternopil work in a regular mode and provide sufficient sewage treatment. According to open sources, the annual dynamics of the mentioned treatment facilities is shown. As a result, it has been found that since 2017, the efficiency of the city's wastewater treatment at sewage treatment plants remains stable. Such indicators testify to the sufficient efficiency of the treatment facilities of the Ternopilvodokanal utility company.

Elimination of Bacteria by the Soft Shell Clam, Mya arenaria

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1579-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J. Cabelli ◽  
W. Paul Heffernan
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Mya Arenaria ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Soft Shell Clam ◽  
Soft Shell ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Lower Limits

Factors significant to the uptake and elimination of coliform bacteria by the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria, were investigated. Uptake kinetics resembling those in the northern quahaug suggest that a steady state exists in functioning animals wherein the number of organisms taken in and eliminated are in balance. In contrast to the quahaug, most of the animals accumulate the organisms very shortly after being placed in the environmental water. The lower limits on the temperature, salinity, and flow rate of the environmental water for acceptable elimination (depuration) were about 10 C, 20‰, and 7 ml/rain per animal respectively. In the feasibility study for a flow-through depuration system using naturally polluted animals, consistently good elimination to very low elevated temperature (ET) coliform levels was observed if the initial level of contamination did not exceed about 2000 ET coliforms per 100 g. Results comparable with those in the flow-through system were obtained in a recirculating depuration system, thereby indicating the feasibility of the recirculating depuration system for the elimination of coliforms in marginally polluted animals.

scholarly journals Odour control: A successful experience in sorocaba city – Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cipriani ◽  
R. Schiavi ◽  
F. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Iron Salt ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The City

Abstract Public concern over odours from sewage treatment facilities have been increasingly significantly in Brazil in recent years due to urban developments around existing plants or construction of new ones. The city of Sorocaba is an example where the expansion of the sewage collection and treatment system has increased and consequently more people have been exposed to bad odours. Due to this scenario, it was necessary to find a solution for this new challenge, but this is no easy task as people′s response to odours is subjective. In this case, odours must be quantified first in order to be controlled. An electronic sensor (‘nose’) of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) was installed at one selected pumping station and after one month of monitoring H2S levels some chemical products were tested in order to minimize bad odours. Best results were achieved using an iron salt blend (FeII and FeIII) directly to the sewage flow at 30 mg/L (as Fe), which reduced by 83% the H2S levels in the air. Such reduction was adequate for mitigating odour complaints regarding that pumping station.

DEVELOPING THE STORM SEWAGE AND INDUSTRAL-STORM SEWAGE WASTEWATER PURIFYING SYSTEMS OF LARGE CITIES AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Yu. A GALKIN
Keyword(s):  
Metallurgical Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Relative Compactness ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

The article outlines the basic principles in solving the problems of storm sewage wastewater purifying worked by the author while developing the technologies, equipment and projects which were introduced in Yekaterinburg, Tyumen, Krasnoyarsk and in other cities as well as at Uralmash Plant, Kaminski -Uralsk Metallurgical Plant, Uralsk Turbine Plant and at other large industrial enterprises. The closed design of sewage treatment facilities developed both in the ground and the underground versions; their relative compactness and normative impact on the environment make it possible to construct them practically in any part of the city.

SUSTAINABLE OPERATION OF THE SEWAGE WORKS IN CRITICAL SITUATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Elena V. VILSON ◽  
Nikolay S. SERPOKRYLOV ◽  
Lidiya A. DOLZHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Technological Regime ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
Critical Situations

The causes of critical situations in sewage treatment plants for municipal water disposal are analyzed. A survey of local treatment facilities of the microdistrict in a critical failure situation was carried out and problems were identifi ed, caused by the discharge of either under-treated or completely untreated sewage into the reservoir. To restore the functioning of treatment facilities an optimal technological regime has been developed, taking into account changes in air supply, introduction of biologics, addition of hydrogen peroxide and the use of LEDs in the aerobic part of structures.

Pyridine Degradation by Suspensions and Biofilms of Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS and Burkholderia dolosa BOS Strains Isolated from Activated Sludge of Sewage Treatment Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
A.A. Sergeeva ◽  
G.V. Ovechkina ◽  
A.Yu. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Pyridine Degradation

Bacterial strains capable of degradation of 0.8-15.8 g/1 pyridine hydrochloride have been isolated from activated sludge of municipal biological treatment plants in Perm (BOS) and local treatment facilities of the LUKOIL-Permnefteorgsintez enterprise (PNOS). The strains were identified as Achromobacter pulmonis and Burkholderia dolosa. The optimal pyridine concentration for the growth of the isolated strains was 4.0 g/1. The pyridine degradation during the A. pulmonis PNOS and B. dolosa BOS cultivation on a medium with ammonium chloride and glucose and without additional nitrogen or carbon sources was studied. It was shown that the strains are able to accumulate biomass in a medium with pyridine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source; the addition of glucose to the medium (1 g/L) accelerated the pyridine degradation by A. pulmonis PNOS, but inhibited the process carried out by B. dolosa BOS. B. dolosa BOS and A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms efficiently utilized pyridine during growth on basalt and carbon fibers; the highest rate of pyridine utilization (1.8 g /(L day)) was observed in A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms on basalt fibers. pyridine, biodegradation, activated sludge, biofilms, Achromobacter pulmonis, Burkholderia dolosa The authors grateful to Dr. I.I. Tchaikovsky, Head of the Laboratory of Geology of Mineral Deposits of the Mining Institute, a branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, for help with electron microscopy of the samples. This work was carried out as part of a state assignment on the topic « Study of the Functional and Species Diversity of Microorganisms Useful for Ecocenoses and Human Practical Activity», registration number R&D AAAA-A19-119112290008-4.

Urease as a Possible Tracer for Sewage Effluent Plumes

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sadler
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Particulate Phase ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Point Source Discharges

The suitability of sedimentary urease activity as a potential tracer for sewage outfall plumes has been examined. Enzyme activity is readily measured in the sediments by a relatively simple procedure and results may be obtained within a few hours of sampling. The results of urease measurements in areas around point source discharges were compared with bacteriological data for the same areas. Three areas were selected for study: a discharge of untreated sewage into a harbour, a discharge from a sewage treatment plant to a river and a discharge from a contaminated drain to a small beach. In all cases, positive correlation between the distribution of the two parameters was observed. Urease activity probably reflects the movement of soluble products from the outfall whereas E.coli represents the particulate phase of the discharge. Although further work will be required, urease activity does offer a potential alternative to E.coli for tracing plumes of faecal pollution.

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