Dr Ada English: patriot and psychiatrist in early 20th century Ireland

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Davoren ◽  
Eugene G Breen ◽  
Brendan D Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Lunatic Asylum ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Easter Rising ◽  
Member Of Parliament

AbstractDr Adeline (Ada) English (1875-1944) was a pioneering Irish psychiatrist. She qualified in medicine in 1903 and spent four decades working at Ballinasloe District Lunatic Asylum, during which time there were significant therapeutic innovations (eg. occupational therapy, convulsive treatment). Dr English was deeply involved in Irish politics. She participated in the Easter Rising (1916); spent six months in Galway jail for possessing nationalistic literature (1921); was elected as a Teachta Dála (member of Parliament; 1921); and participated in the Civil War (1922). She made significant contributions to Irish political life and development of psychiatric services during an exceptionally challenging period of history. Additional research would help contextualise her contributions further.

scholarly journals FASCYNACJA LUDEM JANA LUDWIKA POPŁAWSKIEGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Michał Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Democratic Ideology

Jan Ludwik Popławski (1854-1908) was one of the fathers of the Polish National Democratic ideology in the late 19th and early 20th century. He was particularly fascinated with matters pertaining to the common people, and especially Polish peasantry. He considered them to be the genuine Poles, free of foreign influences. It is worth pointing out that that he also served as an inspiration to Roman Dmowski, the founder of the National Democracy movement and one of the leaders whose efforts secured Polish independence. According to Popławski, the Polish gentry were servile to the powers occupying Poland. He therefore hoped that the common people would play a greater role in the political life of the nation. 

scholarly journals Trópusi veszélyek Indiában a 19. századi magyar utazási útleírásokban

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Aletta Gergely
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Travel Literature ◽  
Lunatic Asylum ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
British Government ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

This study investigates the tropical dangers in India in the late 19th and early 20th century through the Hungarian travel literature. The first part of the study examines the evolution of public health and the beginnings of the tropical medicine in India. The second part includes questions about madness and normal behaviour and I wrote about the lunatic asylum as well. The next section is about epidemic diseases like leprosy, malaria, cholera and plague. Tivadar Duka, M. D. and Ferenc Gáspár M. D. published articles about Colonial epidemics and public health. In order to control epidemics, special officers, committees, and commissioners were appointed by the British. Snake attacks also took their victims, so the British Government had to find a solution for the problem. In the last chapter I wrote about the use of psychoactive substances in India, like opium or cannabis.

URBAN IDENTITY IN COLONIAL TUNISIA: THE MAQĀMĀT OF SALIH SUWAYSI AL-QAYRAWANI

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-712
Author(s):  
Kimberly Katz
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Language Structure

AbstractThis article presents a microhistory of an early 20th-century Tunisian intellectual, Salih Suwaysi, within the context of cross-regional (Maghrib–Mashriq) literary and intellectual trends. Analyzing Suwaysi's use of the conventional literary genre of maqāmāt illustrates his deep understanding of the problems caused by France's occupation of Tunisia and highlights the significance of historical and contemporary urban space for the author. Revitalized during the nahḍa period, maqāmāt were employed by writers to address issues and problems facing contemporary society, in contrast to some of the earlier maqāmāt that focused on language and language structure more than on narrative content. Suwaysi followed his eastern Mediterranean, especially Egyptian, contemporaries in turning to this genre to convey his critical commentaries on social, religious, and political life under the French Protectorate in Tunisia.

scholarly journals Imperial parliament for a hybrid empire: Representative experiments in the early 20th-century Russian Empire

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Semyonov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Mass Politics ◽  
Parliamentary Reform ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imperial Politics ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Political Solidarity

This article argues that the history of Russian constitutional and parliamentary reform in the early 20th century can be cast in a new light in view of the global transformation of political life under the challenge of imperial diversity and mass politics. The article points out that imperial diversity as a challenge to democratic government was not unique to the Russian Empire. The character of the Russian Empire was marked by peculiarities; it was shaped by composite and hybrid imperial space, which placed the challenge of imperial diversity at the center of political practices and imaginaries. The article traces the history of political reform in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century focusing on the reform of the Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Finland and the novel practices and political imaginaries of imperial diversity in the first and second State Duma. The exploration of the history of the constitutional reform in the Russian Empire of early 20th century demonstrates that rather than being absolute antagonists to representative government, Russian imperial politics and traditions of imperial sovereignty nested possibilities of compromise and redefinition of political solidarity in the space of diversity.

Phạm Duy Khiêm, classical reception, and colonial subversion in early 20th century Vietnam and France

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-356
Author(s):  
Kelly Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Classical Education ◽  
Vietnamese History ◽  
Intercultural Identity ◽  
Vietnamese Studies ◽  
Vietnamese Culture

Abstract The tradition of the Vietnamese reception of classical literature has not yet been examined, and this article is the first to venture into this intersection between Classics and Vietnamese studies. In this article, I focus on Phạm Duy Khiêm (1908–74) and his use of Classics to translate and mediate his Vietnamese heritage to his French audience. Phạm lived during a particularly turbulent time in Vietnamese history: he experienced Vietnam as a French protectorate called Annam, he witnessed his compatriots defy French rule and win independence for Vietnam, and he saw the civil war that challenged that new independence. Throughout these changing political contexts, Phạm navigated the politics of polarity that separated the colonizer from the colonized as he struggled to make sense of these supposedly irreconcilable differences between the two, which contested his own intercultural identity. In this article, I argue that Phạm used his classical education and its cultural capital not only to explain Vietnamese culture to his French audience, but also to elevate it as equal, and perhaps even superior, to that of the French and their supposed classical inheritance.

scholarly journals Studying the History of Political and Legal Doctrines in Russian Jurisprudence in the 19th — Early 20th Century: Traditions, Directions, and Stages

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
A. V. Kornev
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper attempts to reflect the origin of a specific branch of scientific knowledge — the history of political and legal doctrines. The subject field of this science and discipline includes many problems, the main of which, no doubt, is the understanding of the phenomenon of law and the state, which are closely related to other institutions. Nevertheless, it is the state and law that ultimately determine their character. This is a kind of tradition laid down by Western legal science that was strongly influenced by pre-revolutionary jurisprudence. Russian lawyers, many of whom continued their studies at Western universities as part of the "preparation for professorship" procedure, mostly followed the approaches developed there. This concerned both ontological and epistemological aspects.The author shows the difference between political and legal doctrines of the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the century. The 1860s reforms served as a kind of impetus for their development. In addition, in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century pre-revolutionary legal science moved to a new, fundamentally different scientific level of studying political and legal institutions.There is another significant point. The problem is that, in fact, the historiography of this discipline and science has remained outside the framework of the history of political and legal doctrines. This paper is an attempt to fill this gap to some extent.The author notes that the relevance of the history of political and legal doctrines arises during a period of intense political life, when stable social groups (strata, classes) with different political, social and legal ideals are formed. This situation developed in Russia in the early 20th century.

scholarly journals THE IDEAS OF UNITY AND INDEPENDENCE AMONG THE UKRAINIAN YOUTH OF GALICIA IN THE LATE 19th – EARLY 20th CENTURY

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
NATALIIA MYSAK
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
University Students ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Radical Movement

The author considers the process of nucleation and formation of the ideas of unity and independence of Ukraine among Galician youth in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Emphasis is placed on the circumstances and socio-cultural and political background that influenced the formation of these ideas in Galician society. The author has identified the factors that stimulated the national self-identification of Ukrainian youth - high school and university students. Spreading and popularization of the works of Ukrainian poets and writers from the Dnieper region, especially Taras Shevchenko, as a symbol of Ukrainian lands unity in the early 20th century, cultural and educational activities of the secret students' clubs, students' interest in the political life of the region, participation in it despite government ban fostered youth awareness of being a single national organism. As a result, at the beginning of the 20th century, Ukrainian identity became appropriate for a growing number of students. This is evidenced by the gradual displacement from use among youth of ethnonyms "Rusyn," "Ruthenian" and their replacement by the name "Ukrainian". The appearance of the radical movement, the nationalization of its youth wing, and the clear formulation of the purpose – the political independence of the Ukrainian nation, had a significant influence on the formation of independence and unity ideas. The study demonstrated that the publication of Yulian Bachynsky's work "Ukraina Irredenta," its considerable popularity among students, the struggle for the creation of Ukrainian university in Lviv contributed to the establishment of ideas of independence and unity among the youth as the highest goal of the national and political aspirations of Ukrainians. Keywords: Unity, independence, youth, self-identification, Rusyn, Ukrainian, Galicia.

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