Response of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) Cultivars to Post-Transplant Oxyfluorfen

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Farnham ◽  
Howard F. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Early Maturing

Broccoli cultivars were evaluated for differential response to oxyfluorfen applied postemergence (0.1 to 1.6 kg ai/ha) in the greenhouse and post-transplant (0.125 to 1.0 kg/ha) in a spring and a fall field study. One cultivar, ‘Green Goliath,’ was injured more by oxyfluorfen than other cultivars in all environments. ‘Pinnacle,’ was consistently less injured than others. ‘Early Dawn’ and ‘Emerald City’ were intermediate in response to oxyfluorfen. At application rates of 0.25 kg/ha or less, all cultivars recovered sufficiently from injury to produce broccoli heads of equal weight and quality as controls. Cultivars differed in their tolerance of oxyfluorfen at rates above 0.25 kg/ha. Late-maturing cultivars (i.e., Pinnacle) usually recovered from injury to yield similarly to hand-weeded plots while early-maturing cultivars were more likely to show yield losses. Broccoli cultivars possess sufficient tolerance to oxyfluorfen applied post-transplant for weed control. Appropriate choice of cultivar will enhance its utility.

Weed Management in Southeastern Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with AC 263,222

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Richburg ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Daniel L. Colvin ◽  
Gerald R. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Ac 263,222

Field experiments conducted at four locations in Georgia and two locations in Florida during 1992 and 1993 evaluated AC 263,222 application rates and timings, systems, and mixtures for weed control, peanut injury, and yield. All rates of AC 263,222 applied early POST (EPOST) or POST controlledIpomoeamorningglories and smallflower morningglory at least 90%, and purple and yellow nutsedge at least 81%. Florida beggarweed and sicklepod control generally was highest when metolachlor was applied PPI followed by AC 263,222 applied EPOST at 71 g/ha, AC 263,222 at 27 or 36 g/ha plus bentazon plus paraquat applied POST, or with bentazon plus paraquat applied EPOST followed by AC 263,222 applied POST at 36 or 53 g/ha. Acifluorfen and acifluorfen plus bentazon reduced Florida beggarweed and sicklepod control at several locations when applied in mixture with AC 263,222. Common ragweed and hairy indigo control were 85 to 95% with bentazon plus paraquat applied EPOST followed by AC 263,222 applied POST at 36 or 53 g/ha. Highest peanut yields were obtained with treatments providing high levels of weed control.

scholarly journals APPLICATION HEIGHT IN HERBICIDES EFFICIENCY IN BEAN CROPS

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-614
Author(s):  
G. A. M. PEREIRA ◽  
L. H. BARCELLOS JR ◽  
D. V. SILVA ◽  
R. R. BRAGA ◽  
M. M. TEIXEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Sprayer Nozzle

ABSTRACTInadequate herbicide application can result in failures in weed control and/or poisoning of the crops, resulting in yield losses. In this research were assessed the effects of the sprayer nozzle boom height in the distribution of the spray solution for weed control, influencing intoxication of beans and crop yield. Experiments were conducted in laboratory and field conditions. In laboratory, the performance of flat spray tip TT 11002 was assessed at heights 0.20, 0.30, 0.40 and 0.50 meters with respect to the target surface. In the field the same heights were assessed in applications of herbicides fomesafen, fluazifop-P-butyl and fomesafen + fluazifop-P-butyl. There was an inverse relationship between the height of the spray boom and the coefficients of variation of the patterns. The mixture better efficiency in a tank of fluazifop-P-butyl + fomesafen was obtained with the height of 0.50 m from the target. This treatment resulted in better weed control, lower poisoning of the bean plants and better crop yield rates.

scholarly journals HPPD-Inhibiting Herbicides Alone or in Tank-Mix with Atrazine in Elephant Grass

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Alexandre M. Brighenti ◽  
Juarez C. Machado ◽  
Francisco J. S. Ledo ◽  
Leonardo H. F. Calsavara ◽  
Yago V. Guerra Varotto
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Janeiro State

The interference imposed by weeds is one of the most important factors limiting elephant grass forage yield. Two experiments were carried out in 2015/2016 and 2017 to evaluate the selectivity and weed control of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides applied alone or in combination with atrazine in elephant grass. The treatments applied in the experiment conducted in Valença, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, were as follows: two rates of mesotrione (0.072 and 0.144 kg ha-1 + 0.5% v/v mineral oil - Assist®), two rates of tembotrione (0.075 and 0.100 kg ha-1 + 0.5% v/v mineral oil - Aureo®), atrazine + mesotrione (1.25 + 0.072 kg ha-1 + 0.5% v/v mineral oil - Assist®), atrazine + tembotrione (1.25 + 0.100 kg ha-1 + 0.5% v/v mineral oil - Aureo®), atrazine + mesotrione (1.25 + 0.072 kg ha-1), atrazine + tembotrione (1.25 + 0.100 kg ha-1) and two checks (weed-free check and weedy check). The same herbicide treatments and a check without application were applied in an experiment conducted in Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Two application rates of mesotrione with the addition of mineral oil or the tank mixture of atrazine plus mesotrione, with or without the addition of mineral oil, did not provide injuries capable to reduce elephant grass forage yield. Tembotrione was phytotoxic to elephant grass when applied with mineral oil. Atrazine plus tembotrione in a tank-mix, with or without mineral oil, were also phytotoxic to elephant grass. All treatments provided satisfactory weed control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Herbicide Programs in Florida Cabbage Production

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Nathan S. Boyd ◽  
Peter J. Dittmar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Programs

In Florida, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is typically grown without a plastic mulch and as a result, weeds are a significant problem in most fields. Experiments were conducted from Nov. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in Balm, Citra, and Parrish, FL, to evaluate weed control and ‘Bravo’ cabbage tolerance to multiple herbicide programs applied pretransplanting (PRE-T), posttransplanting (POST-T), PRE-T followed by (fb) a sequential application at 3 weeks after transplanting (WATP), and POST-T fb sequential application at 3 WATP. PRE-T herbicide treatments of 277 g a.i./ha clomazone, 280 g a.i./ha oxyfluorfen, and 798 g a.i./ha pendimethalin and POST-T herbicide treatments of 6715 g a.i./ha dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) were ineffective, and weed control never exceeded 70% in Balm and provided <50% weed control in Citra and Parrish at 6 and 8 WATP, respectively. POST-T applications of napropamide + S-metolachlor at 2242 + 1770 g a.i./ha, DCPA + S-metolachlor at 6715 + 1170 g a.i./ha, and S-metolachlor POST-T fb clopyralid at 1170 g a.i./ha fb 210 g ae/ha were the most effective herbicide treatments and consistently provided >70% weed control. In addition, results showed that all of the herbicide treatments evaluated except the PRE application of clomazone at 277 g a.i./ha are safe for cabbage with no adverse effect on yield.

Bermudagrass tolerance of indaziflam PRE applications in forage production

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Hurdle ◽  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Donn Shilling ◽  
Jason Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Residual Control

AbstractBermudagrass is a major forage species throughout Georgia and the Southeast. An essential part of achieving high-yielding, top-quality forages is proper weed control. Indaziflam is a residual herbicide that controls many broadleaf and grass species by inhibiting cellulose biosynthesis. Research conducted in Tift and Colquitt counties in Georgia determined optimal PRE rates for indaziflam for bermudagrass forage production. Treatments applied at spring greenup of established ‘Alicia’ bermudagrass included indaziflam at 47, 77, 155, or 234 g ai ha−1 PRE, pendimethalin at 4,480 g ha−1 PRE, a split application of indaziflam at 47 g ha−1 PRE followed by the same rate applied POST after the first cutting, and a nontreated control (seven treatments in all). Forages were machine harvested three times each year for each location beginning at least 47 d after treatment (DAT), with final cuttings up to 168 DAT. For all treatments, fresh- and dry-weight yields at each harvest and totals for the season did not differ from the nontreated control. Indaziflam at 155 and 234 g ha−1 did cause minor stunting at 44 DAT, but this was transient and not observed at the second harvest. Indaziflam applied PRE has the potential to provide residual control of troublesome weeds in bermudagrass forage and hay production, with ephemeral stunting at the recommended application rates.

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on head size, vitamin C content and storage life of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. A. Toivonen ◽  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
P. A. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Head Size ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
And Storage

Broccoli quality in British Columbia can vary with season and with the farm site on which it is grown. One major management difference between farms is nitrogen fertilization rate. This work was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization (0, 125, 250, 375, 500 and 625 kg N ha−1) and growing season (three plantings in 2 consecutive years) on vitamin C content, head size and storability of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica, 'Emperor'). The climatic conditions during crop growth and development had a greater overall effect on vitamin C content, head diameter and head weight than nitrogen fertilization. Weight and vitamin C losses during storage in the first year were not affected by nitrogen fertilization rates. Moderate nitrogen application rates of 125 and 250 kg N ha−1 in all three plantings produced a head size considered optimal for marketing. Key words: Postharvest, vegetable quality, climatic conditions

Response of Corn to Preemergence and Postemergence Applications of Saflufenacil

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Corn Field ◽  
Use Pattern

Saflufenacil (BAS 800H) is a new herbicide being developed by BASF for PRE broadleaf weed control in corn. Field studies were conducted at two Ontario locations in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the tolerance of field corn to PRE and POST (spike and two- to three-leaf corn) applications of saflufenacil at 50, 100, and 200 g ai/ha with and without an adjuvant (surfactant blend + solvent [petroleum hydrocarbons]; 1% v/v). Saflufenacil applied PRE reduced corn height by as much as 12% with the highest rate of 200 g/ha; however, corn yield was not affected. When saflufenacil was applied without an adjuvant to corn at the spike stage, injury was as much as 12%, 7 d after treatment (DAT). However, corn height and yield were not affected. Saflufenacil applied POST to two- to three-leaf corn at 50 to 200 g/ha without an adjuvant resulted in as much as 25% injury and reduced corn height 31% but did not affect yield. Adding an adjuvant to POST applications of saflufenacil caused as much as 4 and 99% injury, reduced corn height 13 and 77%, and reduced corn yield 0 and 59% when applied to corn at the spike and at the two- to three-leaf stages, respectively. Based on these results, saflufenacil applied PRE can be safely used in corn at rates up to 200 g/ha. Saflufenacil applied to corn at the spike and two- to three-leaf stage at 50 or 100 g/ha without an adjuvant demonstrated acceptable corn tolerance and may allow for the use of saflufenacil beyond the proposed PRE use pattern. In contrast, applying saflufenacil POST with an adjuvant to spike and two- to three-leaf stage corn resulted in unacceptable injury and yield losses in field corn.

Chemical Weed Control in Tall Bearded Iris

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-260
Author(s):  
D. C. Milbocker
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Iris Germanica ◽  
Better Than

Fall-applied 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine) and α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) satisfactorily controlled annual and biennial weeds in tall bearded iris (Iris germanica L.). Increased application rates improved control of semitolerant weeds. Trifluralin controlled grass weeds better than simazine. Simazine caused leaf tip and root necrosis, and trifluralin prevented root growth of iris plants when incorporated in the root zone at high rates of application.

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