A Seed Bioassay to Identify Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibitor Resistant Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Populations

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Murray ◽  
Lyle F. Friesen ◽  
Kelly J. Beaulieu ◽  
Ian N. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Low Levels

A seed bioassay was developed and tested for the rapid identification of aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP) and cyclohexanedione (CHD) resistance in wild oat. Two susceptible (S) genotypes, UM5 and Dumont, were treated with fenoxaprop-P and sethoxydim over a range of dosages on filter paper and agar. The former is a wild oat line and the latter a tame oat cultivar. Within 5 d, shoot and root development of both genotypes were completely inhibited by 10 μM fenoxaprop-P and 5 μM sethoxydim. These dosages were then tested to determine if they were suitable for distinguishing between resistant (R) and susceptible (S) plants. Agar medium was preferred over filter paper because of the ease of preparation and maintenance. Four known R wild oat populations were included in the tests. Those with high levels of resistance produced significantly longer coleoptiles and roots than S genotypes, but those with moderate or low levels of resistance could not be separated statistically from S biotypes based on quantitative measurements. However, after exposing the germinating, treated seeds to light for 24 to 48 h, all the R populations produced green coleoptiles and initiated a first leaf, unlike the S genotypes which did not turn green or produce any new growth. This procedure proved useful in discriminating between R and S genotypes and in ranking populations in terms of relative levels of resistance.

Selection and evolution of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)-inhibitor resistance in wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in a long-term alternative cropping systems study

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
Julia Y. Leeson ◽  
Scott W. Shirriff ◽  
Arlen Kapiniak
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
Inhibitor Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Use

Beckie, H. J., Johnson, E. N., Leeson, J. Y., Shirriff, S. W. and Kapiniak, A. 2014. Selection and evolution of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)-inhibitor resistance in wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in a long-term alternative cropping systems study. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 727–731. In 2012, 18 yr after experiment establishment, wild oat from the spring wheat phase of seven of nine alternative cropping systems (each of three input levels applied to three levels of cropping diversity) were sampled and screened for ACC-inhibitor resistance. The frequency or level of resistance in wild oat was greatest in the diversified annual grains systems (42–60% of individuals), and lowest in the diversified annual perennial systems (<3%). The results of this study demonstrate the importance of perennial crops in slowing the selection and evolution of resistance in this weed. Moreover, annual cropping system diversity by itself is not enough to slow the evolution of ACC-inhibitor resistance in wild oat; cropping diversity must be linked with herbicide mode-of-action diversity and herbicide-use reduction.

Cross Resistance of Acetyl-coa Carboxylase (ACCase) Inhibitor–Resistant Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Biotypes in the Pacific Northwest

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Uludag ◽  
Kee Woong Park ◽  
Joshua Cannon ◽  
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
The Pacific

ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicide-ResistantAvenaspp. Populations from the Western Australian Grain Belt

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Ahmad-Hamdani ◽  
Mechelle J. Owen ◽  
Qin Yu ◽  
Stephen B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
High Level ◽  
Western Australian

Avenaspp. are world weeds with many cases of evolved herbicide resistance. In Australia,Avenaspp. (wild oat and sterile oat) are a major problem, especially in grain crops. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)–inhibiting herbicides have been used extensively since the late 1970s forAvenaspp. control. However, continued reliance on these herbicides has resulted in the evolution of resistantAvenaspp. populations. Resistance across many ACCase-inhibiting herbicides was characterized in fourAvenaspp. populations from the Western Australian grain belt. Dose–response experiments were conducted to determine the level of resistance to the aryloxyphenoxypropionates and cyclohexanediones and to the phenylpyrazoline herbicide pinoxaden. On the basis of resistance index values, all four resistant populations exhibited high-level diclofop resistance but varied in the level of resistance to other ACCase-inhibiting herbicides tested. It is evident thatAvenaspp. populations from the Western Australian grain belt have evolved resistance to a number of ACCase-inhibiting herbicides.

Characterization of cross-resistance patterns in acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor resistant wild oat (Avena fatua)

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Bourgeois ◽  
Norm C. Kenkel ◽  
Ian N. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Pairwise Correlation ◽  
Resistance Patterns

The purpose of this study was to determine cross-resistance patterns among wild oat lines resistant to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors and to determine which, if any, cross-resistant type was more common than another. Discriminatory concentrations of two aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (APP) and three cyclohexanediones (CHD) were determined using a petri-dish bioassay. These concentrations were then applied to 82 resistant wild oat lines identified in previous studies. In addition, two resistant standards (UM1 and UM33) and a susceptible standard (UM5) were included in the experiments. Coleoptile lengths expressed as percentages of untreated controls were used to assess the level of resistance to each herbicide. Large variations were observed among wild oat lines and herbicides. However, cluster analysis summarized the relationship between the five herbicides (variables) and the wild oat lines into three main cross-resistance types. Type A included wild oat lines with high resistance to APP herbicides and no or low resistance to CHD herbicides. Types B and C included those with low to moderate resistant and high levels of resistance to all five herbicides, respectively. Type C was the most common cross-resistance type. Relationships among herbicides were determined using pairwise correlation and principal component analysis (PCA). All correlations were high between APP herbicides and between CHD herbicides but not between APP and CHD herbicides. The first two axes of the PCA accounted for 88.4% of the total variance, with the first axis correlated to the CHD herbicides and the second axis correlated to the APP herbicides. In the PCA, wild oat lines were segregated into the three types identified in the cluster analysis. Although CHD and APP herbicides bind at the same region on the ACCase, resistant wild oat lines respond differently to them.

Resistance to Aryloxyphenoxypropionate Herbicides in Two Wild Oat Species (Avena fatuaandAvena sterilisssp.ludoviciana)

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Mansooji ◽  
Joseph A. Holtum ◽  
Peter Boutsalis ◽  
John M. Matthews ◽  
Stephen B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Marked Resistance

Resistance to the methyl ester of diclofop, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate graminicide, was shown for a wild oat (Avena fatua) population from Western Australia, and marked resistance to a range of aryloxyphenoxypropionate and cyclohexanedione graminicides was detected in a winter wild oat (Avena sterilisssp.ludoviciana) population from South Australia. TheA. sterilisbiotype exhibited high levels of resistance to the aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides diclofop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, fenoxaprop, quizalofop, propaquizafop, and quinfurop and low levels of resistance to the cyclohexanedione herbicides sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, and cycloxydim. Ratios of LD50values for responses of resistant and susceptibleA. sterilisto the aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides were between 20 for propaquizafop and > 1,000 for fluazifop, and were between 2.5 and 3 for the cyclohexanedione herbicides. The LD50value for diclofop for theA. fatuabiotype was 442 g ai ha-1which was 2.7-fold that of a susceptible control. Thirty-three percent of the plants survived at the registered rate of application.

Inheritance of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibitor Resistance in Wild Oat (Avena fatua)

Weed Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Murray ◽  
Ian N. Morrison ◽  
Anita L. Brûlé-Babel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Characteristic Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Inhibitor Resistance

Resistance to fenoxaprop-P and other aryloxyphenoxypropionate and cyclohexanedione herbicides in the wild oat population, UM1, is controlled by a single, partially dominant, nuclear gene. In arriving at this conclusion, parents, F1hybrids, and F2plants derived from reciprocal crosses between UM1 and a susceptible wild oat line, UM5, were treated with fenoxaprop-P over a wide range of dosages. Based on these experiments, a dosage of 400 g ai ha−1fenoxaprop-P was selected to discriminate between three response types. At this dosage, susceptible plants were killed and resistant plants were unaffected, whereas plants characterized as intermediate in response were injured but recovered. Treated F2plants segregated in a 1:2:1 (R, I, S) ratio, indicative of single nuclear gene inheritance. This was confirmed by selfing F2plants and screening several F3families. Families derived from intermediate F2plants segregated for the three characteristic response types, whereas those derived from resistant F2plants were uniformly resistant. Chisquare analysis indicated the F2segregation ratios fit those expected for a single partially dominant nuclear gene system. In addition, F2populations from both crosses were screened with a mixture of fenoxaprop-Pand sethoxydim. The dosages of both herbicides (150 g ai ha−1fenoxaprop-P and 100 g ha−1sethoxydim) were sufficient to control only susceptible plants. Treated F2populations segregated in a 3:1 (R:S) pattern, thereby confirming that resistance to the two chemically unrelated herbicides results from the same gene alteration.

scholarly journals Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) biotypes resistant to acetolactate synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors in Poland  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Adamczewski ◽  
R. Kierzek ◽  
K. Matysiak
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Index ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Site Mutation ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Mechanism Of Resistance ◽  
And Control

The aim of the study was to collect seeds of wild oat from the fields where, in spite of the applied herbicides, the weed is very poorly controlled, and to determine under greenhouse conditions if any resistant biotypes are present. In the years 2008&ndash;2011, 34 samples of wild oat were collected from fields where the weed was poorly controlled. The biotypes were analyzed in greenhouse experiments to determine if they are resistant to herbicides. Among five resistant biotypes three of them (R3, R4 and R5) were resistant only to iodosulfuron and mesosulfuron, and biotype R2 &ndash; only to propoxycarbazone-sodium. Biotype R1 exhibited multiple resistance to iodosulfuron + mesosulfuron and pinoxaden. The use of sulfometuron proves that the mechanism of resistance of two biotypes of wild oat (R1 and R4) to acetolactate synthase inhibitors is associated with target-site mutation. The curve of biotypes R3 and R5 controlled with iodosulfuron + mesosulfuron shows a relatively low resistance index and control of those biotypes with sulfometuron indicates a metabolic resistance.

scholarly journals Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl Susceptibility and Mutation Point Detection of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACCase) in Different Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) Populations from China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-jie Liu ◽  
Liuyang Lu ◽  
Bai-zhong Zhang ◽  
Xi-ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Mutation Site ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractTo explore resistant mechanism of wild oat to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, the susceptibility of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACCase) from 24 wild oat populations to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, the level of gene expression, and mutation site of ACCase were conducted. In vitro ACCase activities were solated and measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA) assays, the results indicated that the IC50 value of the ACCase of the most unsusceptible to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in the wild oat population from Yexian2017 (W24) was 7206.557-fold compared to that of the ACCase of most susceptible to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in the wild oat population from Queshan (W11). The differential expression of genes in wild oat treated by the IC50 fenoxaprop-p-ethyl concentration (6.9 mg/L) for 24 hours using RNA-seq, digital gene expression (DGE) profling was conducted. We found that 8 unigenes annotated as ACCase genes, 0 up-regulaed expression and 3 down-regulated expression were observed. The down-regulaed expressed ACCase was selected for qPCR in the relative susceptible population were significantly more suppressed than the three relative resistant populations. The mutations point of ACCase, Ile-1781-Leu, Trp-1999-Cys, Trp-2027-Cys, Ile-2041-Asn, Asp-2078-Gly, Cys-2088-Arg published were not found in the populations tested by multiple sequence alignment with a model complete ACCase sequence of Alopecurus myosuroides. These findings suggest that ACCase plays a critical role in the development of wild oat resistance to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl.

Endogenous hormones in afterripening wild oat (Avena fatua) seed

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Taylor ◽  
G. M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Cytokinin Activity ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Gibberellin Activity ◽  
Low Levels

Levels of gibberellins and cytokinins in dormant Avena fatua L. seeds were measured by bioassay during the afterripening process. Little change in the level of either hormone was detected in the dry seed. Following imbibition of fully afterripened seed, however, gibberellin levels increased while cytokinin levels declined. Seed strains varying in their degree of dormancy were also analysed for hormone levels; a significantly higher level of cytokinin activity was found in the most dormant strain compared with the least dormant strain. Low levels of bound hormones, including cytokinin ribotides and gibberellin glucose conjugates, were detected following enzyme hydrolysis but neither class of compounds varied greatly in level during afterripening.The major cytokinins detected in Avena fatua seeds cochromatographed with zeatin-9-glucoside, zeatin riboside, and zeatin on both HPLC columns and chromatography paper. The major gibberellin activity cochromatographed with GA4/GA7 on silica gel partition columns and thin-layer plates.Germination studies demonstrated that GA4/7 is significantly more active than GA3 in promoting the germination of dormant Avena fatua seeds. External applications of cytokinins were not found to affect the germination of dormant seed, but did promote germination in partially afterripened material.

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