Everyday creativity and bipolar and unipolar affective disorder: preliminary study of personal and family history

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Richards ◽  
DK Kinney ◽  
H Daniels ◽  
K Linkins
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Data Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Everyday Creativity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

SummaryPreliminary new data support the enhancement of ‘everyday’ creativity among those persons with bipolar disorders who manifest milder rather than more severe mood elevations, and among certain individuals who are likely to carry bipolar liability but themselves show no clinical mood elevations – in this case, unipolar depressives with a family history of bipolar disorder, when compared with depressives lacking this history. Creativity was assessed using the lifetime creativity scales (Richards el al, 1988). Underlying mechanisms may be multifactorial and complex. Results suggest that both personal and family history should be considered when making predictions concerning creativity and affective disorders.

scholarly journals Use of social media and online dating among individuals with a history of affective disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Klara F. K. Rydahl ◽  
René B. K. Brund ◽  
Clara R. Medici ◽  
Vibeke Hansen ◽  
Krista N. Straarup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Abstract Objectives: To investigate how individuals with a history of affective disorder use and perceive their use of social media and online dating. Methods: A questionnaire focusing on affective disorders and the use of social media and online dating was handed out to outpatients from unipolar depression and bipolar disorder clinics and general practice patients with or without a history of affective disorders (latter as controls). The association between affective disorders and use of social media and online dating was analysed using linear/logistic regression. Results: A total of 194 individuals with a history of unipolar depression, 124 individuals with a history of bipolar disorder and 196 controls were included in the analysis. Having a history of unipolar depression or bipolar disorder was not associated with the time spent on social media compared with controls. Using the controls as reference, having a history bipolar disorder was associated with use of online dating (adjusted odds ratio: 2.2 (95% CI: 1.3; 3.7)). The use of social media and online dating had a mood-congruent pattern with decreased and more passive use during depressive episodes, and increased and more active use during hypomanic/manic episodes. Among the respondents with a history of affective disorder, 51% reported that social media use had an aggravating effect on symptoms during mood episodes, while 10% reported a beneficial effect. For online dating, the equivalent proportions were 49% (aggravation) and 20% (benefit), respectively. Conclusion: The use of social media and online dating seems related to symptom deterioration among individuals with affective disorder.

Schizophrenia and Affective Disorder: Are They Genetically Linked?

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miron Baron ◽  
Rhoda S. Gruen
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between schizophrenic ‘spectrum’ disorders and affective illness was studied in the nuclear families of 90 chronic schizophrenic probands. An increased risk of schizophrenia and related disorders was demonstrated among the first-degree relatives of probands with a family history of major affective disorders. Conversely, relatives of probands with a family history of schizophrenic ‘spectrum’ disorders were at a greater risk of affective illness (major depression) than relatives of probands with no family history. These results lend support to the notion that a subset of affective disorders is associated with the liability to schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Cognitive style in bipolar disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Jan Scott ◽  
Sayeed Haque ◽  
Katherine Gordon-Smith ◽  
Jessica Heron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Recurrent Depression

BackgroundAbnormalities of cognitive style in bipolar disorder are of both clinical and theoretical importance.AimsTo compare cognitive style in people with affective disorders and in healthy controls.MethodSelf-rated questionnaires were administered to 118 individuals with bipolar I disorder, 265 with unipolar major recurrent depression and 268 healthy controls. Those with affective disorder were also interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and case notes were reviewed.ResultsThose with bipolar disorder and those with unipolar depression demonstrated different patterns of cognitive style from controls; negative self-esteem best discriminated between those with affective disorders and controls; measures of cognitive style were substantially affected by current levels of depressive symptomatology; patterns of cognitive style were similar in bipolar and unipolar disorder when current mental state was taken into account.ConclusionsThose with affective disorder significantly differed from controls on measures of cognitive style but there were no differences between unipolar and bipolar disorders when current mental state was taken into account.

Sensitivity to stress among the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: a study of daytime cortisol levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2447-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Ostiguy ◽  
M. A. Ellenbogen ◽  
C.-D. Walker ◽  
E. F. Walker ◽  
S. Hodgins
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Episodic Stress ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundIt is well known that the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is compromised in major depression and bipolar disorder. There is increasing evidence that subtle HPA abnormalities, such as elevated cortisol levels, precede the development of an affective disorder. Interpersonal stress is also associated with the development of affective disorders. The present study sought to determine whether interpersonal chronic and episodic stress moderated the relationship between cortisol levels in the natural environment and risk status, defined as having a parent with bipolar disorder.MethodSixty-two offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (OBD) and 60 offspring with no family history of affective disorders (OFH−), aged 19.48 years (s.d.=3.38, range 14–28), completed interviews assessing mental disorders and chronic and episodic stress, and provided saliva samples over 3 days.ResultsRegression analyses revealed that the OBD who experienced high interpersonal chronic stress displayed a larger cortisol rise following awakening than the OBD reporting low interpersonal chronic stress. The same relationship was also found for levels of non-interpersonal chronic stress. The OBD who reported experiencing severe interpersonal episodic stress exhibited higher levels of daytime cortisol than the OBD reporting interpersonal episodic stress of mild severity. Importantly, none of the above relationships were detected in the OFH−. Each of the interactions between family history of affective disorders and stress remained after controlling for age, gender and offspring lifetime affective disorders and current non-affective disorders.ConclusionsA biological sensitivity to stress may underlie the susceptibility to affective disorders among the OBD.

Does Familiality Predispose to both Emergence and Persistence of Psychosis?

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Verdoux ◽  
Jim Van Os ◽  
Pak C. Sham ◽  
Peter B. Jones ◽  
Karyna Gilvarry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
History Of ◽  
Persistent Negative Symptoms

BackgroundIt has been suggested that in schizophrenia an association exists between family history of schizophrenia and poor outcome on the one hand, and family history of affective disorders and good outcome on the other.MethodWe tested for associations between four-year outcome and familial loading for psychotic disorders in a mixed sample of 150 consecutively admitted patients with functional psychosis (schizophrenia, psychotic affective disorders, other psychotic disorders) of recent onset. For each proband, a familial loading score for (i) broadly defined psychotic disorder, (ii) schizophrenia, and (iii) affective disorder was calculated using information on relatives obtained through the Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria method and direct interviews of relatives with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.ResultsIn our sample of psychotic patients, familial loading for psychotic disorder predicted persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1–2.2), especially in schizophrenia, and was also associated with more time hospitalised (P > 0.05), and more social disability at follow-up (P < 0.05). Greater familial loading for schizophrenia predicted a greater likelihood of non-recovery (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1–4.4) and a greater likelihood to have had persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.9–3.1). No association was found between outcome and familial loading for affective disorder.ConclusionsWe conclude that familial loading may be a continuous risk factor for some dimensions of clinical outcome in the functional psychoses. This suggests that there is a continuum of genetic liability not only to the emergence of psychotic illness, but also the subsequent chronicity of the disorder.

Manejo y comorbilidades de los trastornos bipolares en la infancia y adolescencia

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Hugo Enrique Hernández-Martínez ◽  
Marta Georgina Ochoa-Madrigal
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
World Population ◽  
Key Words Bipolar Disorder ◽  
The World ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms

The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorders (BPD) in children is currently one of the biggest challenges and area of controversy in the field of child psychiatry. Bipolar disorders encompass several affective disorders that involve alterations in the degree of activity, content and form of thinking that are characterized by biphasic episodes of mood. This group of disorders affect approximately 1% of the world population and begin in youth (the average age of onset of ~20 years). However, in some studies a delay of 5 years has been observed since the presentation of symptoms at the beginning of the treatment. Currently, the diagnosis of TBP in children and adolescents should be based on the same set of symptoms applied to adults, as well as the general principles of the treatment. The research carried out around this disorder has resulted in changes in the conceptualization and approach of this pathology, now conceived as a group of disorders that share changes in mood and other cardinal symptoms, of a chronic and progressive nature that impacts in a negative way in those who suffer them. Key words: Bipolar disorder; childhood; mania; hypomania; depression.

Association between family history of affective disorder and the depressive syndrome of Alzheimer??s disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
G D Pearlson ◽  
C A Ross ◽  
W D Lohr ◽  
BW Rovner ◽  
G A Chase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Depressive Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Who Responds to Prophylactic Lithium Therapy?

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (S21) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Abou-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Predictors Of Outcome ◽  
Powerful Predictor ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychotic Features

The search for predictors of outcome has not been particularly rewarding, and the use of lithium remains empirical: a trial of lithium is the most powerful predictor of outcome. However, lithium is a highly specific treatment for bipolar disorder. In non-bipolar affective disorder, factors of interest are correlates of bipolar disorder: mood-congruent psychotic features, retarded-endogenous profile, cyclothymic personality, positive family history of bipolar illness, periodicity, and normality between episodes of illness.

Psychotic symptoms in pediatric bipolar disorder and family history of psychiatric illness

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rende ◽  
Boris Birmaher ◽  
David Axelson ◽  
Michael Strober ◽  
Mary Kay Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
History Of

Mood Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan A Baloch ◽  
Jair C. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of

Affective disorders are among the most common disorders in psychiatry. They are generally classified according to the persistence and extent of symptoms and by the polarity of these symptoms. The two poles of the affective spectrum are mania and depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by the presence of the mania or hypomania and often depression. Unipolar depression is defined by depression in the absence of a lifetime history of mania or hypomania. These differences are not merely categorical but have important implications for the prognosis and treatment of these conditions. Bipolar disorder, for example, is better treated using mood-stabilizing medication, whereas unipolar depression responds optimally to antidepressant medications. In addition, prognostically, unipolar depression may sometimes be limited to one episode in a lifetime, whereas bipolar disorder is typically a lifelong condition. The course of both conditions, however, is often chronic, and frequently patients can present with unipolar depression only to later develop manic symptoms. A thorough understanding of both conditions is therefore required to treat patients presenting with affective symptomatology. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, etiology and genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of unipolar depression and bipolar disorder. Figures illustrate gray matter differences with lithium use and the bipolar spectrum. Tables list the pharmacokinetics of commonly used antidepressants and medications commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. This review contains 2 figures, 2 tables, and 136 references.

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