Do we know how scabies outbreaks in residential and nursing care homes for the elderly should be managed? A systematic review of interventions using a novel approach to assess evidence quality

Abstract Currently no national guidelines exist for the management of scabies outbreaks in residential or nursing care homes for the elderly in the United Kingdom. In this setting, diagnosis and treatment of scabies outbreaks is often delayed and optimal drug treatment, environmental control measures and even outcome measures are unclear. We undertook a systematic review to establish the efficacy of outbreak management interventions and determine evidence-based recommendations. Four electronic databases were searched for relevant studies, which were assessed using a quality assessment tool drawing on STROBE guidelines to describe the quality of observational data. Nineteen outbreak reports were identified, describing both drug treatment and environmental management measures. The quality of data was poor; none reported all outcome measures and only four described symptom relief measures. We were unable to make definitive evidence-based recommendations. We draw on the results to propose a framework for data collection in future observational studies of scabies outbreaks. While high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed to determine optimal drug treatment, evidence on environmental measures will need augmentation through other literature studies. The quality assessment tool designed is a useful resource for reporting of outcome measures including patient-reported measures in future outbreaks.

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A Systematic Review of Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Self-Efficacy and Attitudes Towards Working with Autistic People

Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ◽

10.1007/s40489-021-00263-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kirsten Corden ◽

Rebecca Brewer ◽

Eilidh Cage

Keyword(s):

Health Professionals ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Vital Role ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Quality Assessment Tool ◽

Professional Background ◽

Autistic People

AbstractHealthcare professionals play a vital role in identifying and supporting autistic people. This study systematically reviewed empirical research examining healthcare professionals’ knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes towards working with autistic people. Thirty-five studies were included. The included studies sampled a range of countries and professional backgrounds. A modified quality assessment tool found the quality of the included studies was moderately good. Narrative synthesis indicated that healthcare professionals report only moderate levels of autism knowledge and self-efficacy, and often lack training. Variation within and between countries and professional background was not explained by demographic factors. The reviewed evidence suggests health professionals’ limited knowledge and self-efficacy in working with autistic people is a challenge to the provision of healthcare for autistic individuals.

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Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders: an analysis under the light of Kolcaba’s theory

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0501 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 3) ◽

Author(s):

Sanni Moraes de Oliveira ◽

Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macêdo Costa ◽

Kamyla Félix Oliveira dos Santos ◽

Jacira dos Santos Oliveira ◽

Maria Auxiliadora Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Daily Life ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Hospital ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Physical Context ◽

Thematic Units

ABSTRACT Objective: To reveal the Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders, using Kolcaba’s theory. Methods: Descriptive and qualitative study, with 11 elders hospitalized in a university hospital, aiming to identify their needs for Comfort. Results: Discourses were categorized in four thematic units: Physical, Environmental, Sociocultural, and Psychospiritual. In the Physical context, several subcategories were found, namely, Symptom Relief; Daily Life Activities; Hygiene and personal care; Diet; Sleep and rest. In the Environmental context, the Comfort was considered to be superior than in the elders’ home; in the Sociocultural one, family bonds were found to become more distant, triggering feelings of missing one’s family and isolation, in the Psychospiritual context, spirituality and religiosity stood out. Final considerations: The Comfort needs of the hospitalized elders enable one to reflect on nursing care, offering information to improve the quality of assistance and to attend to the real needs of the elderly.

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REVEALING FEATURES OF THE ARCHITECTURAL TYPOLOGY OF NURSING HOMES

Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after V G Shukhov ◽

10.34031/2071-7318-2020-5-7-33-39 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

I. Zhdanova ◽

A. Kuznecova ◽

P. Mihaylina

Keyword(s):

Social Interaction ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Functional Organization ◽

The Elderly ◽

Comfort Level ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Foreign Experience ◽

Homes For The Elderly ◽

Care Health

The article focuses on the study of modern approaches in the typology of nursing homes. Global data on the increase in the share of older people in the total population are presented. In addition, Rosstat data confirm the relevance of studying this topic. Examples of foreign experience in designing and building homes for the elderly show the developed functional composition of the premises, along with the function of accommodation and care - health care, leisure, trade, sports, food and multifunctional spaces to ensure social interaction of different groups of the population. The research reveals a method of "functional improvement" aimed at developing optimal functional interactions between public and residential spaces. A concept project for a "dynamic" scheme has been developed, showing the inclusion of residential blocks in a multifunctional complex. The chosen functional organization allows the creation of private spaces for residents of retirement age and walking areas for visitors to the complex. It is determined that in Russia it is necessary to implement modern approaches adapted to Russian conditions, based on foreign experience. This will enhance the consumer quality of the facility and the comfort level of the elderly, which will undoubtedly provide social interaction through the introduction of educational and leisure functions, as well as improve the ecological and aesthetic qualities of the environment.

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Study on the Quality of Life of the Elderly by Combining Medical Care with Nursing Care

10.47939/mh.v2i12.238 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Medical Care ◽

Nursing Care ◽

The Elderly

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The Role of Novel Bone Forming Agents in the Treatment of Osteoporosis

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190020961227 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 089719002096122

Author(s):

Hansita B. Patel ◽

Lynsie J. Lyerly ◽

Cheryl K. Horlen

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Cost Effective ◽

The Elderly ◽

Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽

Evidence Based ◽

First Line ◽

Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽

Cost Effective Treatment

Osteoporosis is a growing epidemic that leads to significant morbidity and mortality among the elderly population due to associated fractures that lead to disabilities and reduced quality of life. Bisphosphonates are well-established as a first-line and cost-effective treatment for osteoporosis. Unfortunately, clinicians are often uncertain as to how to select treatments when bisphosphonates are ineffective as initial treatment or contraindicated. Romosozumab and abaloparatide are 2 alternative agents that have been recently FDA approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture or patients who have failed or are intolerant to other osteoporosis therapies. Currently, the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) has no formal recommendations in regard to these 2 novel agents. The purpose of this review is to help guide pharmacists on how to ensure appropriate utilization of these 2 novel bone-forming agents as potential alternatives to bisphosphonate therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations according to the current literature and key counseling points.

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Validation evidence of the paediatric Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD) tool

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning ◽

10.1136/bmjstel-2015-000017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jane Runnacles ◽

Libby Thomas ◽

James Korndorffer ◽

Sonal Arora ◽

Nick Sevdalis

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Validity Evidence ◽

Multiple Sources ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Expert Input

IntroductionDebriefing is essential to maximise the simulation-based learning experience, but until recently, there was little guidance on an effective paediatric debriefing. A debriefing assessment tool, Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD), has been developed to measure the quality of feedback in paediatric simulation debriefings. This study gathers and evaluates the validity evidence of OSAD with reference to the contemporary hypothesis-driven approach to validity.MethodsExpert input on the paediatric OSAD tool from 10 paediatric simulation facilitators provided validity evidence based on content and feasibility (phase 1). Evidence for internal structure validity was sought by examining reliability of scores from video ratings of 35 postsimulation debriefings; and evidence for validity based on relationship to other variables was sought by comparing results with trainee ratings of the same debriefings (phase 2).ResultsSimulation experts’ scores were significantly positive regarding the content of OSAD and its instructions. OSAD's feasibility was demonstrated with positive comments regarding clarity and application. Inter-rater reliability was demonstrated with intraclass correlations above 0.45 for 6 of the 7 dimensions of OSAD. The internal consistency of OSAD (Cronbach α) was 0.78. Pearson correlation of trainee total score with OSAD total score was 0.82 (p<0.001) demonstrating validity evidence based on relationships to other variables.ConclusionThe paediatric OSAD tool provides a structured approach to debriefing, which is evidence-based, has multiple sources of validity evidence and is relevant to end-users. OSAD may be used to improve the quality of debriefing after paediatric simulations.

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Assessment the Quality of Genome Assemblies by using QUAST Tool for Metagenomics

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.e6435.038620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 4253-4259

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequencing ◽

Reference Genome ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Quality Assessment Tool ◽

Assembly Evaluation ◽

Assembly Algorithms ◽

Genome Assemblies ◽

Modern Tool ◽

Assembly Software

Number of assembly algorithms have emerged out but due to constraints of genome sequencing techniques no one is perfect. Various methods for assembler’s comparison have been developed, but none is yet a recognized standard. The problem of evaluating assemblies of formerly unsequenced species has not been considered, because mostly existing methods for comparing assemblies are only applicable to new assemblies of finished genomes. For comparing and evaluating genome assemblies we have used QUAST (Quality Assessment Tool). This tool is used to assess the quality of leading assembly software by evaluating quality metrics. Assemblies with a reference genome, as well as without a reference can be evaluated by QUAST tool. For genome assembly evaluation based on alignment of contigs to a reference, it is a modern tool. In this study we demonstrate QUAST performance by comparing several leading genome assemblers on three metagenomic datasets.

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Effect of Evidence-Based Nursing Care Guidelines on the Quality of Care of Patients in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units

The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32598/jqums.24.1.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 56-67

Author(s):

Zahra Tayebi Myaneh ◽

◽

Maryam Azadi ◽

Seyedeh Zahra Hosseinigolafshani ◽

Farnoosh Rashvand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Quality Of Care ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Neurosurgical Intensive Care ◽

Care Guidelines ◽

The Mean ◽

Evidence Based Nursing

Background: Evidence-based nursing care guidelines are important tools for increasing the quality of nurses’ clinical work. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of implementing evidence-based nursing care guidelines on the quality of care of patients admitted to the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study on 54 nurses in NICUs of hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences selected using a convenience sampling technique and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention included the teaching of evidence-based nursing guidelines and their implementation by the nurses. Before and two months after the intervention, the demographic characteristics and the quality of nurses’ patient care in both groups was evaluated by using a demographic form and a standard checklist with 37 items designed based on the standards of practice for All Registered Nurses (ANA). Data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics (Mean±SD), and paired t-test, independent t-test and chi-square test. Findings: The mean score of nursing care quality in the two groups was not significantly different before intervention (P>0.05). After intervention, the mean score was 25.11±6.2 in the intervention group and 20.29±5.3 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Implementation of evidence-based nursing care guidelines can improve the quality of nursing care. Therefore, it is recommended that the teaching of evidence-based nursing care guidelines should be on the agenda of the hospitals’ education unit and related departments.

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